DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

International Cases and Their Implications on School Safety in Korea

학교안전의 국제적 프로그램 사례와 국내적 함의

  • Kim, Eun-Joo (Department of Health Management, Hyupsung University)
  • 김은주 (협성대학교 보건관리학과)
  • Received : 2021.06.10
  • Accepted : 2021.09.20
  • Published : 2021.09.28

Abstract

Recent accidents in school environment involving violence, and bullying indicate that school safety is exposed to a serious threat to community well-being. Such incidents come as big problem because various policies and programs have widely long been implemented in order to protect the school environment. Thus, it is critical for the local community and goverment to develop measures for prevention. However, some of the incidents are misrepresented because school environment still remains as one of the safest settings. The current study discusses successful case studies of education, policies and projects regarding school violence and safety that are enforced in many other nations. One of the most practical and concrete means of pursuing an improved level of school safety is for the local community to be actively involved in the process. And one of the key factors for the success of international programs was that it was very much an integrative approach involving a joint effort with the local communities, accompanying a strong tie between the school and its surrounding context.

학교 폭력, 왕따 등 학교 안전과 관련된 사건 및 사고는 학교 안전이 지역사회 보건 및 복지에 심각한 위협에 노출되어 있음을 시사한다. 학교 안전사고들은 오랜 기간 동안 다양한 정책과 프로그램이 시행되어 왔기 때문에 큰 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 지역사회와 정부가 예방책을 마련하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 독일, 영국, 캐나다, 미국, 프랑스 등 다양한 국가에서 시행되는 학교 폭력을 비롯한 학교안전에 관한 교육, 정책, 프로젝트, 프로그램의 성공적인 사례연구를 논의하며 이 논의를 통해 국내적 함의 및 시사점을 제시하였다. 우리나라 학교안전의 질적 보완을 도모할 수 있는 가장 현실적이고 구체적인 방안으로는 지역사회 공동체가 적극적으로 참여하는 것이다. 또한 국제적 프로그램 성공의 가장 효과적인 조정전략은, 학교 밖과의 강력한 연계를 가진 학교안전 프로그램 이었다는 점이다. 즉 지역사회 공동노력으로 건강하고 안전한 학교를 만드는 지역사회 건강증진과 학교안전의 융합적인 접근이었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Hyupsung University Research Grant of 2021-0011.

References

  1. National Center for Campus Public Safety.(2019). Implementation of Prior Recommendations and Barriers to Enactment. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  2. Queens University and National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2018). Campus Policing in an Urban Environment. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  3. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2019). Defining the Value of Campus Emergency Management Programs to Communities. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  4. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2018). The Roles and Strategies of Campus Safety Teams for Preventing Violence in College and University Campus Communities. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  5. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2018). Managing Campus Protests and Demonstrations at Historically Black Colleges and Universities. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  6. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2018). .Campus Protests and Demonstrations: The Role of Emergency Management. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  7. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2018). Criminal Victimization of International Students: A National Conversation on Effective Prevention Practices. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  8. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Active Threat Response Training Resources. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  9. David L. Carter & Jennifer Turner, (2017). Policy Development and Implementation of Legislation Permitting the Carrying of Concealed Handguns on College and University Campuses: Promising Practices.
  10. National Parent Teacher Association. (2019). Indicators of School Crime Safety, https://www.pta.org/home/About-National-Parent-Teacher-Association
  11. National Parent Teacher Association.(2019). Resolution-Against-Bullying, https://www.pta.org/home/advocacy/ptas-positions/Individual-PTA-Resolutions/Resolution-Against-Bullying
  12. L. M. Tutty, C. Bradshaw & W. E. Thurston. (2015). School based violence prevention programs: Preventing violence against children and Youth. USA : The University of Calgary.
  13. B. Brier & Y. Ahmad. (2017). Developing a School Court as a Means of Addressing Bullying in Schools. USA : Imprint Routledge.
  14. S. Hesapcioglu, Habibe Yesilova Meraler, & Filiz Ercan. (2018). Bullying in schools and its relation with depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 19(2), 210-216.
  15. W. Y. Alice. (2019). Averting Intragenerational and Intergenerational Religious Bullying in Schools and in Society through Religious Literacy: Quebec as a Case Study. Canada: Boundaries of Religious Freedom: Regulating Religion in Diverse Societies book series (BOREFRRERE).
  16. B. FelsonRoutine. (2019). Activities and Crime Prevention: Armchair Concepts and Practical Action. USA: Crime Opportunity Theories. USA : Department of Justice & National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  17. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2015). Community Relations Resources. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  18. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Community-based Resources for Preventing, Intervening in, and Recovering from Incidents Involving Students Experiencing Mental Health Concerns. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  19. Historically Black Colleges and Universities & National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Managing Student Mental Health at Historically Black Colleges and Universities. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  20. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Challenges in Preventing and Responding to Sexual Violence at American Community Colleges. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  21. Disaster Resilient Universities® (DRU) Network, and International Association of Emergency Managers - Universities and Colleges Caucus (IAEM-UCC). (2016). National Higher Education Emergency Management Program Needs Assessment. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  22. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). A National Conversation on Police and Community Interactions on HBCU Campuses. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  23. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). The Effects of Marijuana Legalization and Decriminalization on Campus Safety at Institutions of Higher Education. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  24. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Policing Off-Campus Communities at Institutions of Higher Education. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  25. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Institutionalizing the Clery Act at Institutions of Higher Education. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  26. University of Oregon Safety and Risk Services, and the Disaster Resilient Universities (DRU) Network. (2016). Emerging Issues in Managing International Programs at Institutions of Higher Education. USA: National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  27. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Campus Safety Mobile Apps. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  28. Margolis Healy & National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2015). Campus Safety Survey Results. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  29. National Center for Campus Public Safety. (2016). Guide to Social Media in Educational Environments. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  30. International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators (IACLEA), International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), National Center for Campus Public Safety (NCCPS), and Georgia Tech. (2015). Practitioners' Discussion of Implementing Clery/Title IX: Report on the Summit II. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  31. International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators (IACLEA), International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), National Center for Campus Public Safety (NCCPS), and University of Wisconsin-Madison Police Department. (2014). Practitioners' Discussion of Implementing Clery/Title IX: Report on the Summit. USA : National Center for Campus Public Safety.
  32. K. Wang, Y. Chen, J. Zhang & B. A. Oudekerk. (2020) Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2019. U.S Department of Education, : USA
  33. K. Wang, Y. Chen, J. Zhang & B. A. Oudekerk. (2020). Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2019(NCES 2020-063/NCJ 254485). National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, DC.
  34. E. J. Kim, J. C. Kim & N. S. Park. (2003). Curriculum Analysis of Safety Education for Elementary Schools and Guideline Development. Korea : Hyupsung University, Health Promotion Fund Project.