Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Social Entrepreneurship and Market Orientation on Performance in Social Enterprise

사회적 기업가정신과 시장지향성이 사회적기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Eun-Hee (Division of Business Consulting, Daejeon University) ;
  • Kim, Gi-Joong (Division of Business Consulting, Daejeon University) ;
  • Hyun, Byung-Hwan (Division of Business Consulting, Daejeon University)
  • 김은희 (대전대학교 융합컨설팅학과) ;
  • 김기중 (대전대학교 융합컨설팅학과) ;
  • 현병환 (대전대학교 융합컨설팅학과)
  • Received : 2021.04.08
  • Accepted : 2021.09.20
  • Published : 2021.09.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study is to verify the components of social entrepreneurship, market orientation and the causal relationship by examining the impact of each factor on the performance of social enterprises. The survey was conducted on certified social enterprises and the sample of 142 copies was demonstrated with SPSS 22.0. The analysis of the impact on the economic and social performance of social enterprises is as follows. First, the social value orientation and risk sensitivity showed significant results indicating that the social enterprise had a significant impact in part on the economic performance. The social value orientation of the spirit of social entrepreneurs showed significant results on the social performance. Second, market orientation has been shown to have a significant positive influence on both the economic and social performance. This study empirically assessed the impact of Social Entrepreneurship and Market Orientation on the Social and Economic Performance the re-recognition of the importance of social enterprise requires. Next, more active research on market orientation is required in the future in order to strengthen the competitiveness of social enterprises.

본 연구는 사회적 기업가정신과 시장지향성의 구성요소가 사회적기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 예비사회적기업 또는 인증사회적기업을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, SPSS 22.0으로 실증 분석하였다. 사회적가치지향성, 혁신성 및 위험감수성을 사회적 기업가정신의 구성요소로 하고, 시장지향성은 고객지향성, 경쟁자지향성을 구성요소로 하여 사회적기업의 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회적 기업가정신의 사회적가치지향성, 위험감수성은 경제적 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 사회적 기업가정신의 사회적가치지향성은 사회적 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째. 시장지향성은 경제적 성과, 사회적 성과에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 사회적가치지향성의 중요성을 재인식함과 사회적기업의 시장지향성에 대한 인지의 제고 필요성을 보여 주었으며 향후 사회적기업의 경쟁력 향상을 위해 시장지향성에 대한 지속적인 후속 연구를 기대한다.

Keywords

References

  1. H. W. Kong. (2019). The Sustainability of Social Enterprise: Social Entrepreneurship Based on the Perspective of Personal Characteristics. Korea Business Review, 23(1), 127-152. DOI : 10.17287 /kbr.2019.23.1.127 https://doi.org/10.17287/kbr.2019.23.1.127
  2. M. T. Dacin & P. A. Dacin. & P. Tracey. (2011). Social Entrepreneurship: A Critique and Future Directions: Organization science. 22(1), 1121-1347. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0620
  3. S. Y. Kim. (2016). The Effect of Social Enterprise Performance on Social Enterprise Values. Tax Accounting Research, 50(0), 171-192.
  4. S. Y. Kim & S. J. Kang. (2017). "The effect of Social Enterprises Performance on Governmental Subsidies". Social Economy & Policy Studies, 7(2), 1-19.
  5. H. Y. Ryu, J. H. Lee & S. C. Lee (2020). A Study on the Effects of Social Enterprise Government Subsidies for Social and Economic Performance. Journal of Digital Convergence. 18( 11), 149-157. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2020.18.11.149
  6. D. H. Lee & S. K. Kim. (2016). A Subjective Study on the Operation of Social Enterprises. Korean Business Education Review 31(3), 19-43.
  7. J. A. Park, M. G. Choi & J. Y. Jeong. (2016). The Effects of the Social Entrepreneurship, Social Network, and Government Support on the Sustainability of Cultural and Artistic Social Enterprises. The Journal of Business Education, 30(6), 75-95. DOI : 10.34274/krabe.2016.30.6.004.
  8. Y. M. Choi, J. H. Ryu, S. H. Lee, H. R. Park & H. S. Oh. (2015). Components and Development Process of Social Entrepreneurship. The Korean Journal of Human Resource Development, 17(1), 189-221. https://doi.org/10.18211/kjhrdq.2015.17.1.008
  9. H. J. Lim. (2019). Factors Affecting Performance of Social Enterprises : Focusing on the Differences in Perception among Stakeholders in Social Enterprise Policy Project. Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
  10. S. H. Oh (2018). The Effects of Social Entrepreneurship on the Market Orientation and Sustainability of Social Enterprise. Catholic University of Pusan, Pusan.
  11. S. H. Jang & S. S. Bahn. (2010). Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Market Orientation on the Economic and Social Performance of a Social Enterprise. Korea Journal of Business Administration, 23(.6), 3479-3496.
  12. S. H. Jang & G. J. Ha. (2012). The Effects of Market Orientation on the Performance of Social Enterprise and Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurship. Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Socieity, 7(2), 105-127. https://doi.org/10.24878/TKES.2012.7.2.105
  13. S. H. Jang. (2014). The Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, and Corporate Social Responsibility on Performance in Social Enterprise. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 14(6), 355-366. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2014.14.06.355
  14. C. S. Choi & M. S. Chung. (2017). The Relationship between Internal Marketing, Market Orientation and Social Enterprises' Performance. Korean NPO Review, 16(2), 41-65.
  15. EMES(2006), "Social Enterprises at the crossroads of Market, Public Policies and Civil Society, EMES-UCL, working paper.
  16. Y. T. Kim(2012). An empirical study on the affecting factors of social enterprise entrepreneurial performance. Chung-Ang University, Seoul.
  17. J. I. Kim (2014), A Study on the Performance Difference depend on the Characteristics and Support Type of Social Enterprise: Focusing on the Social Enterprise Notifying Management Information Autonomously. Journal of Korean social welfare administration 16(2), 181-212. https://doi.org/10.22944/KSWA.2014.16.2.007
  18. M. J. Kim. (2018). The effect of social entrepreneurship and self-efficacy on the performance of social enterprises, Korean Review of Corporation Management 9(3), 209-232 https://doi.org/10.20434/kricm.2018.10.9.3.209
  19. J. H Lee. (2016). The Effects of Entrepreneurship and Social Capital on Social Enterprise Performance. Chungbuk National University. Cheongju.
  20. H. J. Kim (2018). The impacts of social entrepreneurship's characteristics on social enterprise performance : focusing on the mediating effect of norms and networks. Hoseo University, Asan.
  21. J. M. Lee. (2015). A Study on the Antecedent Factors of Performance and Sustainability of Social Enterprises. Kyungsung University Graduate School. Pusan.
  22. J. G. Dees, J. Emerson & P. Economy. (2002). Enterprising nonprofits: A toolkit for social entrepreneurs. John Wiley & Sons.
  23. P. Hartigan. (2006). It's about people, not profits. Business Strategy Review, 17(4), 42-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0955-6419.2006.00433.x
  24. B. L. Massetti. (2008). The social entrepreneurship matrix as a "tipping point" for economic change, Emergence. Complexity and Organization, 10(3), 1-8.
  25. J. Weerawardena & G. Sullivan-Mort. (2001). Learning, innovation and competitive advantage in not-for-profit aged care marketing: A conceptual model and research propositions. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 9(3), 53-73 https://doi.org/10.1300/J054v09n03_04
  26. J. Weerawardena & G. S. Mort (2006). Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional model. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2005.09.001
  27. S-M. Mort, J. Weerawardena & K. Carnegie. (2003). Social entrepreneurship: Towards conceptualization. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 8(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/nvsm.202
  28. Y. T. Lee. (2009). A Theoretical Study on the Social Entrepreneurship. Social Enterprise Studies 2(2), 5-28.
  29. J. S. Choi (2012). An Exploratory Study on the Relationship between Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability of Social Enterprise in Korea. The University of Seoul. Seoul.
  30. J. C. Narver & Slater, S. F (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. The Journal of Marketing, 20-35.
  31. L. I. Alvarez Gonzalez, M. L. Santos Vijande & R. Vazquez Casielles. (2002). The market orientation concept in the private nonprofit organisation domain. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing, 7(1): 55-67. https://doi.org/10.1002/nvsm.167
  32. H. T. Lee & M. S. Chae. (2007). Empirical Study Focused on Foreign Investment Firms= The Relationship between Entrepreneurship, IT Competency, Market Orientation, and Performance. Journal of International Trade and Industry Studies, 12(3), 205-229.
  33. D. L. Sexton & N. B. Bowman-Upton. (1986). "Validation of personality index: comparative psychological characteristics analysis of female entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurship students and business students", in Ronstadt, R., Hornaday, J., Peterson, R. and Vesper, K. (Eds), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Babson College, Wellesley, MA
  34. T. S. Jeong, S. H. Lee, M. S. Yim(2014). A Study on the Effects of Operating Systems Platform Characteristics on the Network Effect and Intention to Use Operating Systems. Journal of Digital Convergence, 19(5), 295-305. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2021.19.5.295
  35. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psycholog, 88(5), 879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
  36. J. Y. Cha.(2021). The Effect of UI Usability of Mobile Healthcare Applications on Technostress and Continuous Use Intention: Focusing on Elderly Users. Journal of Digital Convergence, 19(5), 295-305. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2021.19.5.295