Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Napa Cabbage (Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis) Cropping Systems on Soil Physiochemical Properties, Yield and Quality in Alpine Area of South Korea

한국 고랭지 배추 작부체계에 따른 토양, 배추 생산성 및 성분 특성 비교

  • Bak, Gye Ryeong (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Lee, Jeong Tae (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science)
  • 백계령 (국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 이정태 (국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소)
  • Received : 2021.02.02
  • Accepted : 2021.05.04
  • Published : 2021.08.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Napa cabbage (Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis) is the main material of Kimchi so that important crop in South Korea. There are two typical napa cabbage cropping systems in the alpine area. One is cultivating napa cabbage annually while another is cultivating napa cabbage and potato biennially. In this research, we evaluated soil physiochemical properties, yield, and mineral contents of napa cabbage depending on two cropping systems. As a result, organic matter, available P2O5, exchangeable K+ was decreased after six-years of cultivation on both cropping systems. However, soil pH was only decreased in a continuous napa cabbage cropping system. Soil porosity is also decreased in both cropping systems on topsoil while is increased in rotation with potato on subsoil. The rotation system showed a significantly higher yield with a higher value of leaf and napa cabbage size than the continuous cropping system. Total nitrogen, Ca2+, and Ma2+ were increased and total carbon and phosphate decreased in both cropping systems after six-years. Especially, total nitrogen and Mg2+ were significantly higher in the continuous system while Ca2+ was higher in the rotation system. In conclusion, the cropping system influences soil physiochemical properties and plant production in an agricultural field.

김치의 재료로 우리나라에서 중요한 채소인 배추는 호냉성으로 여름에는 서늘한 고랭지역에서 주로 재배된다. 고랭지에서 배추 재배 시 주로 배추를 매년 이어짓기하거나 감자와 번갈아 가면서 재배하고 있는데, 본 연구에서는 두 가지 작부체계 하에서 토양 물리화학성, 배추 생산성 그리고 배추 무기성분의 차이를 분석하고 평가하였다. 결과적으로 토양 내 유기물, 유효인산, 칼륨(K+)은 두 작부체계 모두 6년의 재배 이후 감소하였으며, 토양 pH는 배추 이어짓기 작부에서만 감소하였다. 표토의 공극률 또한 두 작부체계에서 모두 감소하였으나 감자와 돌려짓기 작부에서는 심토의 공극률이 증가하였다. 돌려짓기 작부에서는 배추와 잎의 크기가 유의하게 높아 높은 수량을 얻었다. 식물체 분석 결과 6년의 재배 이후 두 작부체계 모두 배추의 총 질소, Ca2+, Mg2+은 증가하고 총탄소와 인산함량은 감소하였는데, 총질소와 Mg2+은 이어짓기 작부에서 Ca2+은 돌려짓기 작부에서 감소하여 배추 재배 시 작부체계가 토양의 물리화학성과 작물의 생산성에 영향을 줌을 시사하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 기관 고유사업(세부과제명: 고령지 농경지 이용형태 변화에 따른 토양환경 장기 변동 특성 평가, 과제 번호: PJ01346004)의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. Bajgai, Y., P. Kristiansen, N. Hulugalle and M. McHenry. 2013. Comparison of organic and conventional managements on yields, nutrients and weeds in a corn-cabbage rotation. Renew. Agr. Food. Syst. 30:132-142. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170513000264
  2. Chen, S., X. Zhou, H. Yu and F. Wu. 2018. Root exudates of potato onion are involved in the suppression of clubroot in a Chinese cabbage-potato onion- chinese cabbage crop rotation. Eur. J. Plant. Pathol. 150:765-777. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-017-1307-5
  3. Cho, Y.I., H.S. Kang and E.C. Jeon. 2016. The effects of reactive nitrogen (Nr) compounds on the acidification in soil and water environment ecosystems and the mitigation strategy. KJEE. 49:1-10 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2016.49.1.001
  4. Choi, B.J., C.H. Lee and H. Park. 1990. Investigation of soil factors on physiological disorder of vegetable crops in vinyl house; (I) Tomato, Chinese cabbage and summer radish. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 23:52-58 (in Korean).
  5. Choi, Y.B., J.E. Lim, Y.S. Jung, S.S. Lee and Y.S. Ok. 2012. Best management practices for sloping upland erosion control: feasibility of PAM and biopolymer application. J. Agric. Life. Environ. Sci. 24:30-39 (in Korean).
  6. De Graaf, M.C.C., Bobbink, R., Roelofs, J.G.M. and P.J.M. Verbeek. 1998. Differential effects of ammonium and nitrate on three heathland species. Plant Ecolog. 135:185-196. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009717613380
  7. Gangwon Province. 2006. Highland Field Farmers Survey Results Report (in Korean).
  8. Gantzer, C.J. and G.R. Blake. 1978. Physical characteristics of Le Sueur clay loam soil following no-till and conventional tillage, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 70:853-857.
  9. Highland Agriculture Research Institute (HARI). 2007. Highland Farming Status Survey Analysis of South Korea and Cropping System Model Development. Research Report (in Korean).
  10. Hornick, S.B. 1992. Factors affecting the nutritional quality of crops. Am. J. Alternative. Agr. 7:63-68. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0889189300004471
  11. Kim, C.H., W.D. Cho and H.M. Kim. 2000. Distribution of Plasmodiophora brassicae causing clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage in soil. Plant Dis. Res. 6:27-33 (in Korean).
  12. Kim, C.H., W.D. Cho and S.B. Lee. 2003. Review of researches on clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage in Korea and future tasks for its management. Res. Plant Dis. 9:57-63 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2003.9.2.057
  13. Kim, C.Y., Y.J. Seo, T.Y. Kwon, J.H. Park, M.S. Heo and S.K. Ha. 2010. Correlation between the factors of soil physical property in upland soil. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 43:793-797 (in Korean).
  14. Kim, G.H., G.Y. Kim, J.H. Kim, D.M. Sa, J.S. Seo, B.G. Shon, J.I. Yang, G.C. Um, S.E. Lee, G.Y. Jung, D.Y. Jung, Y.T. Jung, J.B. Jung and H.N. Hyun. 2014. Soil Science. 2nd ed. HyangMunSa Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. pp. 74-80 (in Korean).
  15. Kim, J.S., J.T. Lee and G.J. Lee. 2009. Effect of crop rotation on control of clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Res. Plant Dis. 15:242-247 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2009.15.3.242
  16. Kim, M.J., S.H. LEE, S.S. Chang, T.I. Kim, S.H. Choi, W.M. Cho, S.G. Hong, S.R. Lee and M.H. Kim. 2011a. Effect of the climatic condition on the growth characteristic of domestic corn hybrids in alpine region. J. Kor. Grassl. Forage Sci. 31:371-382 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2011.31.4.371
  17. Kim, S.J., H.B. Sohn, S.Y. Hong, T.Y. Kim, J.T. Lee, J.H. Nam, D.C. Chang, J.T. Suh and Y.H. Kim. 2020. Effect of the landscape crop, Chrysanthemum zawadskii on reducing soil loss in highland sloping area. Korean J. Plant Res. 33:15-23 (in Korean).
  18. Kim, S.W., Y.H. Seo, Y.B. Choi, M.S. Ahn and A.S. Kang. 2011b. Effect of mixed sowing of hairy vetch and rye on green manure yield in mountainous highland. Korean. J. Soil. Sci. Fert. 44:442-447 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2011.44.3.442
  19. Kumar, A. and A. Dubey. 2020. Rhizosphere microbiome: Engineering bacterial competitiveness for enhancing crop production. J. Adv. Res. 24:337-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.04.014
  20. Lee, J.E., P. Wang, G.Y. Kim, S.H. Kim, S.H. Park, Y.S. Hwang, Y.P. Lim, E.M. Lee, I.K. Ham, M.H. Jo and G.H. An. 2010. Effects of soil pH on nutritional and functional components of chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. campestris). Korean. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 28:353-36 (in Korean).
  21. Lee, J.T., G.J. Lee, C.S. Park, S.W. Hwang and Y.R. Yeoung. 2005. Effect of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) sod culture on reducing soil loss and providing nitrogen for Chinese cabbage in highland. Korean. J. Soil. Sci. Fert. 38:294-300 (in Korean).
  22. Lee, J.T., G.J. Lee, J.S. Ryu, J.S. Kim, K.H. Han and Y.S. Zhang. 2012. Evaluation of surface covering methods for reducing soil loss of highland slope in soybean cultivation. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 45:725-732 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.5.725
  23. Lee, K.H., H.S. Kuack, J.W. Jung, E.J. Lee, D.M. Jeong, K.Y. Kang, K.I. Chae, S.H. Yun, M.R. Jang, S.D. Cho, G.H. Kim and J.Y. Oh. 2013. Comparison of the quality characteristics between spring cultivar of Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis). Korean. J. Food Preserv. 20:182-190 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2013.20.2.182
  24. Lee, S.H. and I.H. Heo. 2018. Impact of climate on yield of highland Chinese cabbage in Gangwon province, South Korea. J. Korean. Geogr. Soc. 53:265-282 (in Korean).
  25. Martinez, E., J.P. Fuentes, P. Silva, S. Valle and E. Acevedo. 2008. Soil physical properties and wheat root growth as affected by no-tillage and conventional tillage systems in a Mediterranean environment of Chile. Soil Till. Res. 99:232-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.02.001
  26. Nam, S.Y., I.J. Kim, M.J. Kim, C.H. Lee, T.S. Kim and J.K. Bang. 2004. Studies on the cropping system of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) of Korea. Korean J. Plant Res. 17: 117-152 (in Korean).
  27. Ozyazici, M.A. 2013. Effects of sewage sludge on the yield of plants in the rotation system of wheat-white head cabbagetomato. Euras. J. Soil. Sci. 2:35-44.
  28. Park, J.M., I.B. Lee, Y.I. Kang and K.S. Hwang. 2009. Effects of mineral and organic fertilizations on yield of hot pepper and changes in chemical properties of upland soil. Korean J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 27:24-29 (in Korean).
  29. Park, K.H., H.J. Yun, K.Y. Yul, J.C. Yun, J.J. Lee, H.A. Hwang, K.D. Kim and Y.I. Jin. 2011. The monitoring of agricultural environment in Daegwallyeong area. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 44:1027-1034 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2011.44.6.1027
  30. Power, J.F. and R.F. Follett. 1987. Monoculture. Sci. Am. 256: 78-87. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0387-78
  31. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2012. Agricultural Science and Technology Research Survey Analysis Standard (in Korean).
  32. Yang, S.K., Y.W. Seo, S.K. Kim, B.H. Kim, H.K. Kim, H.W. Kim, K.J. Choi, Y.S. Han and W.J. Jung. 2014. Changes in physical properties especially, three phases, bulk density, porosity and correlation under no-tillage clay loam soil with ridge cultivation of rain proof plastic house. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 47:225-234 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2014.47.4.225