Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Institute Medical Science (영남대 의대 학술지 편집위원회)
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Can antioxidants be effective therapeutics for type 2 diabetes?

  • Park, Soyoung (Department of Physiology and Smart-aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, So-Young (Department of Physiology and Smart-aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2020.07.07
  • Accepted : 2020.08.31
  • Published : 2021.04.30
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Abstract

The global obesity epidemic and the growing elderly population largely contribute to the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance acts as a critical link between the present obesity pandemic and type 2 diabetes. Naturally occurring reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate intracellular signaling and are kept in balance by the antioxidant system. However, the imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant capacity causes ROS accumulation and induces oxidative stress. Oxidative stress interrupts insulin-mediated intracellular signaling pathways, as supported by studies involving genetic modification of antioxidant enzymes in experimental rodents. In addition, a close association between oxidative stress and insulin resistance has been reported in numerous human studies. However, the controversial results with the use of antioxidants in type 2 diabetes raise the question of whether oxidative stress plays a critical role in insulin resistance. In this review article, we discuss the relevance of oxidative stress to insulin resistance based on genetically modified animal models and human trials.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by grants from the Medical Research Center Program (2015R1A5A2009124) and the Basic Science Research Program (2019R1A2C1088730) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Korean government.

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