Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research (대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지)

The Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engineering (대한의용생체공학회)
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The Principle and Trends of CRISPR/Cas Diagnosis

CRISPR/Cas 진단의 원리와 현황

  • Park, Jeewoong (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Kang, Bong Keun (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Shin, Hwa Hui (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Shin, Jun Geun (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation)
  • 박지웅 (대구경북첨단의료산업진흥재단, 첨단의료기기개발지원센터, 진단의료기기팀) ;
  • 강봉근 (대구경북첨단의료산업진흥재단, 첨단의료기기개발지원센터, 진단의료기기팀) ;
  • 신화희 (대구경북첨단의료산업진흥재단, 첨단의료기기개발지원센터, 진단의료기기팀) ;
  • 신준근 (대구경북첨단의료산업진흥재단, 첨단의료기기개발지원센터, 진단의료기기팀)
  • Received : 2021.06.04
  • Accepted : 2021.06.30
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

The POCT (point-of-care test) sensing that has been a fast-developing field is expected to be a next generation technology in health care. The POCT sensors for the detection of proteins, small molecules and especially nucleic acids have lately attracted considerable attention. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the POCT methods are required to follow the ASSURED guidelines (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User- friendly, Robust and rapid, Equipment-free, Deliverable to all people who need the test). Recently, several CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) based diagnostic techniques using the sensitive gene recognition function of CRISPR have been reported. CRISPR/Cas (Cas, CRISPR associated protein) systems based detection technology is the most innovative gene analysis technology that is following the ASSURED guidelines. It is being re-emerged as a powerful diagnostic tool that can detect nucleic acids due to its characteristics that enable rapid, sensitive and specific analyses of nucleic acid. The first CRISPR-based diagnosis begins with the discovery of the additional function of Cas13a. The enzymatic cleavage occurs when the conjugate of Cas protein and CRISPR RNA (crRNA) detect a specific complementary sequence of the target sequence. Enzymatic cleavage occurs on not only the target sequence, but also all surrounding non-target single-stranded RNAs. This discovery was immediately utilized as a biosensor, and numerous sensor studies using CRISPR have been reported since then. In this review, the concept of CRISPR, the characteristics of the Cas protein required for CRISPR diagnosis, the current research trends of CRISPR diagnostic technology, and some aspects to be improved in the future are covered.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 성과는 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(No.2021R1F1A1051971) (No.2021R1A2C2013396).

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