DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Developing a Quality Prediction Model for Wireless Video Streaming Using Machine Learning Techniques

  • Alkhowaiter, Emtnan (Department of Computer Science, College of Computer, Qassim University) ;
  • Alsukayti, Ibrahim (Department of Computer Science, College of Computer, Qassim University) ;
  • Alreshoodi, Mohammed (Department of Applied Science, Unizah Community College, Qassim University)
  • 투고 : 2021.03.05
  • 발행 : 2021.03.30

초록

The explosive growth of video-based services is considered as the dominant contributor to Internet traffic. Hence it is very important for video service providers to meet the quality expectations of end-users. In the past, the Quality of Service (QoS) was the key performance of networks but it considers only the network performances (e.g., bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate) which fail to give an indication of the satisfaction of users. Therefore, Quality of Experience (QoE) may allow content servers to be smarter and more efficient. This work is motivated by the inherent relationship between the QoE and the QoS. We present a no-reference (NR) prediction model based on Deep Neural Network (DNN) to predict video QoE. The DNN-based model shows a high correlation between the objective QoE measurement and QoE prediction. The performance of the proposed model was also evaluated and compared with other types of neural network architectures, and three known machine learning methodologies, the performance comparison shows that the proposed model appears as a promising way to solve the problems.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. E. Summary, "Cisco Visual Networking Index : Forecast and Methodology , 2018 - 2023," updated March 9 2020.
  2. G. Dimopoulos, I. Leontiadis, P. Barlet-Ros, and K. Papagiannaki, "Measuring video QoE from encrypted traffic," Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Internet Meas. Conf. IMC, vol. 14-16-Nove, no. July 2018, pp. 513-526, 2016, doi: 10.1145/2987443.2987459.
  3. J. Joskowicz, R. Sotelo, and J. C. L. Ardao, "Towards a general parametric model for perceptual video quality estimation," IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 569-579, 2013, doi: 10.1109/TBC.2013.2277951.
  4. M. Alreshoodi and J. Woods, "Survey on Qoe\Qos Correlation Models Formultimedia Services," Int. J. Distrib. Parallel Syst., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 53-72, 2013, doi: 10.5121/ijdps.2013.4305.
  5. S. Aroussi and A. Mellouk, "Survey on machine learning-based QoE-QoS correlation models," 2014 Int. Conf. Comput. Manag. Telecommun. ComManTel 2014, pp. 200-204, 2014, doi: 10.1109/ComManTel.2014.6825604.
  6. A. Schwind, M. Seufert, O. Alay, P. Casas, P. Tran-Gia, and F. Wamser, "Concept and implementation of video QoE measurements in a mobile broadband testbed," TMA 2017 - Proceedings of the 1st Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference. 2017, doi: 10.23919/TMA.2017.8002921.
  7. L. Skorin-Kapov, M. Varela, T. Hossfeld, and K.-T. Chen, "A Survey of Emerging Concepts and Challenges for QoE Management of Multimedia Services," ACM Trans. Multimed. Comput. Commun. Appl., vol. 14, no. 2s, pp. 1-29, 2018, doi: 10.1145/3176648.
  8. E. Danish, A. Fernando, M. Alreshoodi, and J. Woods, "A hybrid prediction model for video quality by QoS/QoE mapping in wireless streaming," 2015 IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. Work. ICCW 2015, pp. 1723-1728, 2015, doi: 10.1109/ICCW.2015.7247429.
  9. A. O. Adeyemi-Ejeye, S. D. Walker, M. Alreshoodi, and J. Woods, "Fuzzy logic inference system-based hybrid quality prediction model for wireless 4kUHD H.265-coded video streaming," IET Networks, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 296-303, 2015, doi: 10.1049/iet-net.2015.0018.
  10. P. Anchuen, P. Uthansakul, and M. Uthansakul, "QOE model in cellular networks based on QOS measurements using Neural Network approach," 2016 13th Int. Conf. Electr. Eng. Comput. Telecommun. Inf. Technol. ECTI-CON 2016, 2016, doi: 10.1109/ECTICon.2016.7561318.
  11. R. Shalala, R. Dubin, O. Hadar, and A. Dvir, "Video QoE Prediction Based on User Profile," 2018 Int. Conf. Comput. Netw. Commun. ICNC 2018, pp. 588-592, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ICCNC.2018.8390347.
  12. T. Ghalut, H. Larijani, and A. Shahrabi, "Content-based video quality prediction using random neural networks for video streaming over LTE networks," Proc. - 15th IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Inf. Technol. CIT 2015, 14th IEEE Int. Conf. Ubiquitous Comput. Commun. IUCC 2015, 13th IEEE Int. Conf. Dependable, Auton. Se, pp. 1626-1631, 2015, doi: 10.1109/CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM.2015.245.
  13. H. Yingge, I. Ali, and K. Y. Lee, "Deep neural networks on chip - A survey," Proc. - 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Big Data Smart Comput. BigComp 2020, pp. 589-592, 2020, doi: 10.1109/BigComp48618.2020.00016.
  14. I. Alsukayti and M. Alreshoodi, "Hybrid non-reference QoE prediction model for 3D video streaming over wireless networks," Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 697-703, 2018, doi: 10.14569/ijacsa.2018.0911100.
  15. I. S. Alsukayti, "An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Model for Quality Estimation in Wireless 2D/3D Video Streaming Systems," Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 2291-2297, 2019, doi: 10.35940/ijitee.b6454.129219.
  16. R. T. Sataloff, M. M. Johns, and K. M. Kost, "TU-T, \Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services, recommendation itu-t h.264," [Online]. Available: TU-T, %5CAdvanced video coding for generic audiovisual services, recommendation itu-t h.264.
  17. "J. V. T. J. of ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG, \H.264/avc jm reference software.," 2011.," [Online]. Available: http://avc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/.
  18. E. O. Elliott, "Estimates of Error Rates for Codes on Burst-Noise Channels," Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 1977-1997, 1963, doi: 10.1002/j.1538- 7305.1963.tb00955.x.
  19. M. Zorzi, R. Racd, and L. B. Milstein, \A markov model for block errors on fading channels," in Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 1996. PIMRC'96., Seventh IEEE International Symposium on, vol. 3, pp. 1074{1078, IEEE, 1996.
  20. M. H. Pinson and S. Wolf, "A new standardized method for objectively measuring video quality," IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 312-322, 2004, doi: 10.1109/TBC.2004.834028.
  21. A. T1.801-2003, "Digital Transport of One-Way Video Signals - Parameters for Objective Performance Assessment," vol. 2003, 2003.
  22. Itu-T, "J.144 : Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for digital cable television in the presence of a full reference." 2004, [Online]. Available: http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-J.144-200403-I/en.
  23. N. Eswara et al., "Streaming video QoE modeling and prediction: A long short-term memory approach," arXiv. 2018.
  24. S. Dargan, M. Kumar, M. R. Ayyagari, and G. Kumar, "A Survey of Deep Learning and Its Applications : A New Paradigm to Machine A Survey of Deep Learning and Its Applications : A New Paradigm to Machine Learning," Arch. Comput. Methods Eng., no. July, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s11831-019-09344-w.
  25. L. Kang, P. Ye, Y. Li, and D. Doermann, "Convolutional neural networks for no-reference image quality assessment," Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., pp. 1733-1740, 2014, doi: 10.1109/CVPR.2014.224.
  26. A. S. Ajrash, R. F. Ghani, and L. Al-Jobouri, "ANN based measurement for no-reference video quality of experience metric," 2019 11th Comput. Sci. Electron. Eng. Conf. CEEC 2019 - Proc., pp. 128-133, 2019, doi: 10.1109/CEEC47804.2019.8974336.