벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)

  • 제16권3호
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  • Pages.31-41
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  • 2021
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  • 1975-7557(pISSN)
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  • 2671-9509(eISSN)
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)
권호 표지

한국·중국·일본 대학생의 기업가지향성 비교연구

A Comparison Study of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: Among Korean, Chinese and Japanese University Students

  • 양준환 (단국대학교 자유교양대학)
  • 투고 : 2021.03.10
  • 심사 : 2021.06.23
  • 발행 : 2021.06.30
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초록

본 연구는 한국, 중국, 일본 등 3개 국가 대학생들을 대상으로 사회문화적 차이에 의한 각국 대학생들의 개인 기업가 지향성의 차이를 탐색적 수준에서 검증하는 것이다. 구체적으로 기업가정신 문헌에서 핵심 변수로 중요시 기업가 지향성의 세 가지 하위변수인 혁신성, 주도성, 그리고 위험 감수성에 대한 국가적 차이를 실증비교 분석하고 이론적 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구는 기업가정신 지향성과 관련된 이론 및 선행연구, 그리고 최신 자료들의 면밀한 검토와 확인을 통해 총 3개의 가설을 도출하였다. 본 연구에는 각 국가 별 세 개 대학교의 대학생들로부터 자료를 수집하였고 수집된 자료에 대해 신뢰성과 타당성을 검토하였다. 가설분석은 ANOVA검증을 통해 실시하였다. 가설검증 결과 각국의 사회문화적 요인은 대학생들의 개인 기업가 지향성의 세 가지 변수인 혁신성, 주도성, 위험 감수성 등 세 가지 수준에서 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 세 가지 연구변수 모두 중국, 한국, 일본 순으로 인식수준의 현격한 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 나아가 본 연구는 기업가정신은 국가의 다양한 사회문화적 환경 요인에 영향을 받는다는 선행연구들의 주장을 입증했다는 점과 특히 기존 연구에서는 시도해 보지 않았던 동아시아 지역 국가인 한국과 중국, 그리고 일본 대학생들을 대상으로 최초로 실시한 기업가정신 비교연구라는 점에서 기업가정신의 이론에 기여했다는 의미를 갖는다. 마지막으로 본 연구결과에 따른 이론적 실무적 시사점을 제시하였으며 특히 한국 대학생의 경우 세 가지 변수 중 주도성의 개발 중요성을 실무적 관점에서 강조하였다.

This exploratory study focuses on ascertaining the cross-cultural differences in the perception of entrepreneurial orientation among university students in Korea, China, and Japan. Total 670 university students from the three culturally diverse environments were administered questionnaires designed to determine the differences in individual entrepreneurship orientation(IEO). Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 version. ANOVA was used to test the established hypotheses. Statistically significant differences were found among the three groups of university students in IEO. China displayed the highest level of IEO followed by Korea and then Japan. Japan is less likely to be committed to entrepreneurial activity than Korea and China. The finding implies the sociocultural effect may come into play when young people forms positive attitude on entrepreneurship, that is identical to the arguments of prior studies. This study, however, has contributed to the literature by adding empirical evidence first time on different perceptions of IEO sub-scales by Korean, Chinese and Japanese university students. Theoretical and practical implication have been presented, where the importance of nurturing pro-activeness was stressed for Korean university students, most of all.

키워드

과제정보

The present research was supported by the research fund of Dankook University in 2021.

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