DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Distribution of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Antibiotic Resistance

  • Park, Heechul (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Park, Sung-Bae (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Kim, Junseong (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Kim, Sunghyun (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan)
  • Received : 2021.05.31
  • Accepted : 2021.06.28
  • Published : 2021.06.30

Abstract

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a typical group of microorganisms, and the recent advances in laboratory technology and medicine has dramatically modified their significance in medical practice. CoNS, which were previously classified as normal bacterial flora, have recently been reported to be associated with serious infectious diseases, such as surgical wound infection or periprosthetic joint infection. Representative CoNS include Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, and S. saprophyticus, which are known to cause serious problems in biomaterial-based and prosthetic device infections, as well as to cause simple urinary tract infections in sexually active women. Over the last decade, the clinical isolation rate of CoNS has been increasing, and antibiotic resistance has also been occurring. This review aimed to investigate the incidence of CoNS infection and to use the results as basic data for the management of CoNS, with a focus on the isolation rate and antibiotic resistance in clinical surgery.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This paper was supported by RESEARCH FUND from Catholic University of Pusan.

References

  1. Ahmed E, Gad G, Soliman W, El-Asady R, Hasaneen A. Abdelwahab SF. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulasenegative staphylococci among Egyptian patients after surgical interventions. Trop Doct. 2021. 51: 40-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049475520962740
  2. Al Tayyar I, Al-Zoubi M, Hussein E, Khudairat S, Sarosiekf K. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from clinical specimens in Northern of Jordan. Iran J Microbiol. 2015. 7: 294-301.
  3. Al-Haqan A, Boswihi SS, Pathan S, Udo EE. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated mainly from preterm neonates. Plos One. 2020. 15: e0236713. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236713
  4. Archer G, Niemeyer D. Origin and evolution of DNA associated with resistance to methicillin in staphylococci. Trends Microbiol. 1994. 2: 343-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/0966-842X(94)90608-4
  5. Argemi X, Hansmann Y, Prola K, Prevost G. Coagulase-negative staphylococci pathogenomics. Int J Mol Sci. 2019. 20: 1215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051215
  6. Azih A, Enabulele I. Species distribution and virulence factors of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from clinical samples from the University of Benin Teaching hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. J Nat Sci Res. 2013. 3: 38-43.
  7. Begum E, Anbumani N. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Int J Med Public Health. 2011. 1: doi:10.5530/ijmedph.4.2011.14.
  8. Biedenbach D, Moet G, Jones R. Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance pattern comparisons among bloodstream infection isolates from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997-2002). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004. 50: 59-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2004.05.003
  9. Campwala I, Unsell K, Gupta S. A comparative analysis of surgical wound infection methods: predictive values of the CDC, ASEPSIS, and Southampton scoring systems in evaluating breast reconstruction surgical site infections. Plast Surg. 2019. 27: 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1177/2292550319826095
  10. Chu VH, Woods CW, Miro JM, Hoen B, Cabell CH, Pappas PA, et al. Emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci as a cause of native valve endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis. 2008. 46: 232-242. https://doi.org/10.1086/524666
  11. Chun K, Syndergaard C, Damas C, Trubey R, Mukindaraj A, Qian S, et al. Sepsis pathogen identification. J Lab Autom. 2015. 20: 539-561. https://doi.org/10.1177/2211068214567345
  12. Chun S, Kang CI, Kim YJ, Lee NY. Clinical Significance of Isolates Known to Be Blood Culture Contaminants in Pediatric Patients. Medicina. 2019. 55: 696. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55100696
  13. De Vecchi E, George DA, Romano CL, Pregliasco FE, Mattina R, Drago L. Antibiotic sensitivities of coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus in hip and knee periprosthetic joint infections: does this differ if patients meet the International Consensus Meeting Criteria? Infect Drug Resist. 2018. 11: 539-546. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S151271
  14. Dziri R, Klibi N, Lozano C, Ben Said L, Bellaaj R, Tenorio C, Boudabous A, et al. High prevalence of Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus in environmental samples of a Tunisian hospital. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016. 85: 136-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.03.006
  15. Houssaini ZE, Harrar N, Zerouali K, Belabbes H, Elmdaghri N. Prevalence of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Blood Cultures at the Ibn-Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca. Pan Afr Med J. 2019. 33: 193.
  16. Eltwisy HO, Abdel-Fattah M, Elsisi AM, Omar MM, Abdelmoteleb AA, El-Mokhtar MA. Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus haemolyticus on primary human skin fibroblast cells. Virulence. 2020. 11: 1142-1157. https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1809962
  17. Golinska E, Strus M, Tomusiak-Plebanek A, Wiecek G, Kozien L, Lauterbach R. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Contained in Gut Microbiota as a Primary Source of Sepsis in Low-and Very Low Birth Weight Neonates. J Clin Med. 2020. 9: 2517. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082517
  18. Grace JA, Olayinka BO, Onaolapo JA, Obaro SK. Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in bacteraemia: the epidemiology, predisposing factors, pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance. Clin Microbiol. 2019. 8: 1-5.
  19. Gross CE, Della Valle CJ, Rex JC, Traven SA, Durante EC. Fungal Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Review of Demographics and Management. J Arthroplasty. 2021. 36: 1758-1764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.11.005
  20. Hanssen AM, Kjeldsen G, Sollid JU. Local variants of Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec in sporadic methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci: evidence of horizontal gene transfer?. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004. 48: 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.48.1.285-296.2004
  21. Hijas-Gomez AI, Egea-Gamez RM, Martinez-Martin J, GonzalezDiaz R, Losada-Vinas JI, Rodriguez-Caravaca G. Surgical Wound Infection Rates and Risk Factors in Spinal Fusion in a University Teaching Hospital in Madrid, Spain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2017. 42: 748-754. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0000000000001916
  22. Hischebeth GT, Randau TM, Ploeger MM, Friedrich MJ, Kaup E, Jacobs C, Molitor E, Hoerauf A, Gravius S, Wimmer MD. Staphylococcus aureus versus Staphylococcus epidermidis in periprosthetic joint infection-Outcome analysis of methicillinresistant versus methicillin-susceptible strains. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019. 93: 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.08.012
  23. Keim LS, Torres-Filho SR, Silva PV, Teixeira LA. Prevalence, aetiology and antibiotic resistance profiles of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated in a teaching hospital. Braz J Microbiol. 2011. 42: 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822011000100031
  24. Koksal F, Yasar H, Samasti M. Antibiotic resistance patterns of coagulase-negative staphylococcus strains isolated from blood cultures of septicemic patients in Turkey. Microbiol Res. 2009. 164: 404-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2007.03.004
  25. Li C, Renz N, Trampuz A, Ojeda-Thies C. Twenty common errors in the diagnosis and treatment of periprosthetic joint infection. Int Orthop. 2020. 44: 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-019-04426-7
  26. Liang Z, Rong K, Gu W, Yu X, Fang R, Deng Y, Lu L. Surgical site infection following elective orthopaedic surgeries in geriatric patients: Incidence and associated risk factors. Int Wound J. 2019. 16: 773-780. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.13096
  27. Liu CF, Shi XP, Chen Y, Jin Y, Zhang B. Rapid diagnosis of sepsis with TaqMan-Based multiplex real-time PCR. J Clin Lab Anal. 2018. 32: e22256. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.22256
  28. Lloyd-Price J, Abu-Ali G, Huttenhower C. The healthy human microbiome. Genome Med. 2016. 27. 8: 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-016-0307-y
  29. Marples RR, Richardson JF, Newton FE. Staphylococci as part of the normal flora of human skin. Soc Appl Bacteriol Symp Ser. 1990. 19: 93S-99S.
  30. Mashaly GE, El-Mahdy RH. Vancomycin heteroresistance in coagulase negative Staphylococcus blood stream infections from patients of intensive care units in Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2017. 19; 16: 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-017-0238-5
  31. Munoz-Gamito G, Cuchi E, Roige J, Gomez L, Jaen A, Perez J, et al. Higher accuracy of genotypic identification compared to phenotyping in the diagnosis of coagulase-negative staphylococcus infection in orthopedic surgery. Infect Dis (Lond). 2020. 52: 883-890. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2020.1799069
  32. Natsis NE, Cohen PR. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018. 19: 671-677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-018-0362-9
  33. Nickel JC, Costerton JW. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus in chronic prostatitis. J Urol. 1992. 147: 398-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)37247-6
  34. Osaki S, Kikuchi K, Moritoki Y, Motegi C, Ohyatsu S, Murakawa Y, et al. Distinguishing coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteremia from contamination using blood-culture positive bottle detection pattern and time to positivity. J Infect Chemother. 2020. 26: 672-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2020.02.004
  35. Peel AL, Taylor EW. Proposed definitions for the audit of postoperative infection: a discussion paper. Surgical Infection Study Group. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1991. 73: 385-388.
  36. Pereira VC, Romero LC, Pinheiro-Hubinger L, Oliveira A, Martins KB, Cunha MLRSD. Coagulase-negative staphylococci: a 20-year study on the antimicrobial resistance profile of blood culture isolates from a teaching hospital. Braz J Infect Dis. 2020. 24: 160-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2020.01.003
  37. Piette A, Verschraegen G. Role of coagulase-negative staphylococci in human disease. Vet Microbiol. 2009. 16; 134: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.009
  38. Rakow A, Perka C, Trampuz A, Renz N. Origin and characteristics of haematogenous periprosthetic joint infection. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019. 25: 845-850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2018.10.010
  39. Rello J, Valenzuela-Sanchez F, Ruiz-Rodriguez M, Moyano S. Sepsis: A Review of Advances in Management. Adv Ther. 2017. 34: 2393-2411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-017-0622-8
  40. Saber H, Jasni AS, Jamaluddin TZMT, Ibrahim R. A Review of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Types in Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) Species. Malays J Med Sci. 2017. 24: 7-18.
  41. Schuster D, Josten M, Janssen K, Bodenstein I, Albert C, Bierbaum G, et al. Detection of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci harboring the class A mec complex by MALDITOF mass spectrometry. Int J Med Microbiol. 2018. 308: 522-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.05.001
  42. Supre K, Haesebrouck F, Zadoks RN, Vaneechoutte M, Piepers S, De Vliegher S. Some coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species affect udder health more than others. J Dairy Sci. 2011. 94: 2329-2340. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3741
  43. Tekeli A, Ocal DN, Dolapci I. Detection of sasX Gene and Distribution of SCCmec Types in Invasive and Non-invasive Coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Balkan Med J. 2020. 1; 37: 215-221. https://doi.org/10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2019.8.21
  44. Veltman ES, Moojen DJF, van Ogtrop ML, Poolman RW. Twostage revision arthroplasty for coagulase-negative staphylococcal periprosthetic joint infection of the hip and knee. World J Orthop. 2019. 18; 10: 348-355. https://doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v10.i10.348
  45. Venugopal N, Mitra S, Tewari R, Ganaie F, Shome R, Shome BR, et al. Molecular detection and typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulasenegative staphylococci isolated from cattle, animal handlers, and their environment from Karnataka, Southern Province of India. Vet World. 2019. 12: 1760-1768. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1760-1768