Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in postmenopausal rats through prevention of cartilage degradation

  • Aravinthan, Adithan (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Hossain, Mohammad Amjad (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Bumseok (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kang, Chang-Won (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Nam Soo (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Hwang, Ki-Chul (Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Hoon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2019.11.19
  • Accepted : 2020.01.14
  • Published : 2021.03.01
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Abstract

Background: Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), one of the major active compounds in Panax ginseng, has already been shown to reduce inflammation in various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) has traditionally been considered a degenerative disease with degradation of joint articular cartilage. However, recent studies have shown the association of inflammation with OA. In the present study, we investigated whether Rb1 had an antiinflammatory effect on monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA in ovariectomized rats as a model of postmenopausal arthritis. Methods: G-Rb1 at a dosage of 3 and 10 ㎍/kg body weight was administered every 3 days intraarticularly for a period of 4 weeks to observe antiarthritic effects. Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) served as a positive control. Results: The administration of Rb1 significantly ameliorated OA inflammatory symptoms and reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, G-Rb1 administration considerably enhanced the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and collagen 2A and reduced the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 genes, indicating a chondroprotective effect of G-Rb1. G-Rb1 also significantly reduced the expression of several inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (interferon gamma (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL-2, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6). Histological analysis demonstrated that G-Rb1 significantly attenuated the pathological changes in MIA-induced OA in ovariectomized rats. Safranin O and toluidine blue staining further demonstrated that G-Rb1 effectively prevented the degradation of cartilage and glycosaminoglycans, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that G-Rb1 exerts cartilage protective effect on MIA-induced ovariectomized OA rats, by inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1/CCL-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). These results shed a light on possible therapeutic application of G-Rb1 in OA.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI18C0661).

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