Journal of Ecology and Environment

The Ecological Society of Korea (한국생태학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on the photosynthetic characteristics of Eutrema japonica (Siebold) Koidz. under the pulsed LEDs for simulated sunflecks

  • Park, Jae Hoon (Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Sang Bum (Soldan Inc.) ;
  • Lee, Eung Pill (Invasive Alien Species Research Team, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Lee, Seung Yeon (Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Eui Joo (Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Jung Min (Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Park, Jin Hee (Plant Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Cho, Kyu Tae (Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Jeong, Heon Mo (Team of Climate Change Research, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Choi, Seung Se (Team of National Ecosystem Survey, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Park, Hoey Kyung (UniconKorea) ;
  • You, Young Han (Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University)
  • Received : 2020.12.27
  • Accepted : 2021.01.27
  • Published : 2021.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: The sunfleck is an important light environmental factor for plants that live under the shade of trees. Currently, the smartfarm has a system that can artificially create these sunfleks. Therefore, it was intended to find optimal light conditions by measuring and analyzing photosynthetic responses of Eutrema japonica (Miq.) Koidz., a plant living in shade with high economic value under artificial sunflecks. Results: For this purpose, we used LED pulsed light as the simulated sunflecks and set the light frequency levels of six chambers to 20 Hz, 60 Hz, 180 Hz, 540 Hz, 1620 Hz, and 4860 Hz of a pulsed LED grow system in a plant factory and the duty ratio of the all chambers was set to 30%, 50%, and 70% every 2 weeks. We measured the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and substomatal CO2 partial pressure of E. japonica under each light condition. We also calculated the results of measurement, A/Ci, and water use efficiency. According to our results, the photosynthetic rate was not different among different duty ratios, the transpiration rate was higher at the duty ratio of 70% than 30% and 50%, and stomatal conductance was higher at 50% and 70% than at 30%. In addition, the substomatal CO2 partial pressure was higher at the duty ratio of 50% than 30% and 70%, and A/Ci was higher at 30% than 50% and 70%. Water use efficiency was higher at 30% and 50% than at 70%. While the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance generally tended to become higher as the frequency level decreased, other physiological items did not change with different frequency levels. Conclusions: Our results showed that 30% and 50% duty ratios could be better in the cultivation of E. japonica due to suffering from water stress as well as light stress in environments with the 70% duty ratio by decreasing water use efficiency. These results suggest that E. japonica is adapted under the light environment with nature sunflecks around 30-50% duty ratio and low light frequency around 20 Hz.

Keywords

References

  1. Ansaari A, Weerakoon D. Control of light intensity of LEDs for outdoor lighting. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research. 2014;3(12):3244-8.
  2. Athanasiou K, Dyson BC, Webster RE, Johnson GN. Dynamic acclimation of photosynthesis increases plant fitness in changing environments. Plant physiol. 2010;152:366-73.
  3. Chazdon RL, Pearcy RW. The importance of sunflecks for forest understory plants. Bioscience. 1991;41(11):760. https://doi.org/10.2307/1311725
  4. Elias P. Sunflecks in forest communities and their importance for plant life in a forest understorey. Mendel Bioclimatology. 2014;Sep(3-5):62-70.
  5. Hogewoning SW, Trouwborst G, Engbers GJ, Harbinson J, van Ieperen W, Ruijsch J, Schapendonk AHCM, Pot CS, van Kooten O. Plant physiological acclimation to irradiation by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). ISHS Acta Horticulturae. 2006;761:183-91.
  6. Hopkins WG, Huner NPA. Introduction to plant physiology. 4th ed. Hoboken: Wiley; 2008.
  7. Ikeda A, Nakayama S, Yamasaki H, Anzai YA. Power source for pulsed light illumination and its application to plant culture. T. SICE. 1985;21(7):765-7. https://doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.21.765
  8. Im JU, Yoon YC, Seo KW, Kim KH, Moon AK, Kim HT. Effect of LED light wavelength on Chrysanthemum growth. Protected Hort Plant Fac. 2013;22(1):49-54. https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2013.22.1.049
  9. Jishi T, Matsuda R, Fujiwara K. Effects of photosynthetic photon flux density, frequency, duty ratio, and their interactions on net photosynthetic rate of cos lettuce leaves under pulsed light: explanation based on photosynthetic-intermediate pool dynamics. Photosynthesis Research. 2018;136:371-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-017-0470-z
  10. Kim DE, Lee HJ, Kang DH, Lee GI, Kim YH. Effects of artificial light sources on the photosynthesis, growth and phytochemical contents of butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in the plant factory. Protected Hort. Plant Fac. 2013;22(4):392-9. https://doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2013.22.4.392
  11. Kim HR, You YH. Effects of red, blue, white, and far-red LED source on growth responses of Wasabia japonica seedlings in plant factory. Kor J Hort Sci Technol. 2013;31(4):415-22.
  12. Kim MY, So SK, Han KS, Lee JH, Park GS, Song HK. Vegetation and soil properties of Wasabia japonica population. Kor J Env Eco. 2008;22(5):530-5.
  13. Kim SB, Lee KM, Kim HR, You YH. Effects of light sources, light quality on the growth response of leafy vegetables in closed-type plant factory system. KJEE. 2014;47(1):32-40. https://doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2014.47.1.032
  14. Kim YH, Kim DE, Lee GI, Kang DH, Lee HJ. Current status and development direction of the domestic and overseas for the artificial plant factory. Kor J Hort Sci Technol. 2011;29(special issue 2):37.
  15. Lambers H, Chapin FS III, Pons TL. Plant physiological ecology 2nd edn. New York: Springer; 2008.
  16. Lee TB. Coloured flora of Korea (I). 2nd ed. Seoul: Hyangmoonsa publishing Co.; 2014.
  17. Lee YN. New flora of Korea (I). 3nd ed. Seoul: Kyo-Hak publishing Co.; 2010.
  18. Luna-Maldonado AI, Vidales-Contreras JA, Rodriquez-Fuentes H. Editorial: Advances and trends in development of plant factories. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:1848.
  19. Mori Y, Takatsuji M, Yasuoka T. Effects of pulsed-red LD light on the growth of a plant. Rev Laser Eng. 2002a;30(10):602-5. https://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.30.602
  20. Mori Y, Takatsuji M, Yasuoka T. Effects of pulsed white LED light on the growth of lettuce. J Soc High Technol Agric. 2002b;14(3):136-40. https://doi.org/10.2525/jshita.14.136
  21. Numburg E, Ellsworth DS. Photosynthetic sunfleck utilization potential of understory saplings growing under elevated CO2 in FACE. Oecologia. 2000;122:163-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00008844
  22. Oh BU. BRASSICACEAE Burnett (CRUCIFERAE Juss., nom. alt.). In: The genera of vascular plants of Korea (Flora of Korea Editorial Committee ed.). Seoul. (in English): Academy Publishing Co; 2007a.
  23. Oh BU. BRASSICACEAE Burnett (CRUCIFERAE Juss., nom. alt.). In: The genera of vascular plants of Korea (Flora of Korea Editorial Committee ed.). Seoul. (in Korean): Academy Publishing Co; 2007b.
  24. Oh SI, Lee JH, Lee AK. Growth, antioxidant concentrations and activity in sedum takesimense as affected by supplemental LED irradiation with light quality. Hortic Sci Technol. 2019;37(5):589-97. https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20190059
  25. Park JH, Lee EP, Han YS, Lee SI, Cho KT, Hong YS, You YH. The effects of LEDs and duty ratio on the growth and physiological responses of Silene capitata Kom., endangered plant, in a plant factory. J Eco Env. 2018;42:21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41610-018-0082-3
  26. Park JH, Lee EP, Lee SI, Jang RH, An KH, You YH. Effects of the light source of LEDs on the physiological and flowering response of endangered plant Silene capitate Kom. Korean J Environ Ecol. 2016;30(5):821-8. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2016.30.5.821
  27. Phansurin W, Jamaree T, Sakhonwasee S. Comparison of growth, development, and photosynthesis of Petunia grown under white or red-blue LED lights. Hortic Sci Technol. 2017;35(6):689-99. https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20170073
  28. Porcar-Castell A, Back J, Juurola E, Hari P. Dynamics of the energy flow through photosystem II under changing light conditions: a model approach. Funct Plant Biol. 2006;33:229-39. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP05133
  29. Porcar-Castell A, Palmroth S. Modelling photosynthesis in highly dynamic environments: the case of sunflecks. Tree Physiology. 2012;32:1062-5. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps085
  30. Renou JL, Gerbaud A, Just D, Andre M. Differing substomatal and chloroplastic CO2 concentrations in water-stressed wheat. Planta. 1990;182:415. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02411393
  31. Rural Development Administration. 2015. https://www.nongsaro.go.kr. Accessed 30 Jan 2020.
  32. Siegel S, Castellan NJ Jr. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Mcgraw-Hill Book Company; 1988.
  33. Slatyer RO. Effect of errors in measuring leaf temperature and ambient gas concentration on calculated resistances to CO2 and water vapor exchanges in plant leaves. Plant Physiol. 1971;47:269-74. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.47.2.269
  34. Son KH, Jeon YM, Oh MM. Application of supplementary white and pulsed light-emitting diodes to lettuce grown in a plant factory with artificial lighting. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 2016;57(6):560-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-016-0068-y
  35. Son KH, Lee SR, Oh MM. Comparison of lettuce growth under continuous and pulsed irradiation using light-emitting diodes. Hortic Sci Technol. 2018;36(4):542-51. https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20180054
  36. Sultana T, Savage GP. Wasabi-Japanese Horseradish. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res. 2008;43(4):433-48. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v43i4.2234
  37. Takatsuji M. Present status of completely-controlled plant factories. Shokubutsu Kankyo Kogaku. 2010;22(1):2-7. https://doi.org/10.2525/shita.22.2
  38. Um YC, Oh SS, Lee JG, Kim SY, Jang YA. The development of container-type plant factory and growth of leafy vegetables as affected by different light sources. J Bio-Env. 2010;19(4):333-42.
  39. Watanabe H. Light emitting diodes as the irradiation source for plant factories. Rev Laser Eng. 1997;25(12):836-40. https://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.25.836
  40. Zhou TY, Lou LL, Yang G, Al-Shehbaz IA. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). In: Wu ZY, Raven PH, editors. Flora of China. BRASSICACEAE through SAXIFRAGACEAE, vol. 8. St. Louis: Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press; 2001.