Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Enhancing immune responses to inactivated foot-and-mouth virus vaccine by a polysaccharide adjuvant of aqueous extracts from Artemisia rupestris L.

  • Wang, Danyang (Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University) ;
  • Yang, Yu (Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University) ;
  • Li, Jinyu (Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University) ;
  • Wang, Bin (Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University) ;
  • Zhang, Ailian (Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University)
  • Received : 2020.07.21
  • Accepted : 2021.02.15
  • Published : 2021.05.31
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Abstract

Background: New-generation adjuvants for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccines can improve the efficacy of existing vaccines. Chinese medicinal herb polysaccharide possesses better promoting effects. Objectives: In this study, the aqueous extract from Artemisia rupestris L. (AEAR), an immunoregulatory crude polysaccharide, was utilized as the adjuvant of inactivated FMDV vaccine to explore their immune regulation roles. Methods: The mice in each group were subcutaneously injected with different vaccine formulations containing inactivated FMDV antigen adjuvanted with three doses (low, medium, and high) of AEAR or AEAR with ISA-206 adjuvant for 2 times respectively in 1 and 14 days. The variations of antibody level, lymphocyte count, and cytokine secretion in 14 to 42 days after first vaccination were monitored. Then cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody duration were measured after the second vaccination. Results: AEAR significantly induced FMDV-specific antibody titers and lymphocyte activation. AEAR at a medium dose stimulated Th1/Th2-type response through interleukin-4 and interferon-γ secreted by CD4+ T cells. Effective T lymphocyte counts were significantly elevated by AEAR. Importantly, the efficient CTL response was remarkably provoked by AEAR. Furthermore, AEAR at a low dose and ISA-206 adjuvant also synergistically promoted immune responses more significantly in immunized mice than those injected with only ISA-206 adjuvant and the stable antibody duration without body weight loss was 6 months. Conclusions: These findings suggested that AEAR had potential utility as a polysaccharide adjuvant for FMDV vaccines.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank Dr. Jiong Huang and Hui Cao from Tecon Biology Co., Ltd for experiment's help. We wish to thank Prof. J He (Urumqi, China) for kindly providing materials.

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