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A Research on Actual Conditions of Juvenile Labor and Labor Rights Consciousness

청소년 노동의 실태와 노동인권 의식에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2020.12.30
  • Accepted : 2021.01.27
  • Published : 2021.02.28

Abstract

In this paper, we intended to find the labor situations and labor rights consciousness of local juveniles and also to identify how they are treated and respond to those treatments they encounter. At the same time, another purpose of this research is to collect basic data to give the youth proper education about labor rights when they are faced with unfair labor practice. The research results are as follows: First, 262 students (50.5%) have work experience. Second, 133 students(24.9%) took the education about labor rights, which means relatively small number of students were educated about labor rights. Third, it is reported that 54.2% of those students considered 'payment' top priority, and 67.7% of them got the work through their parents, friends, and acquaintances, and 60.2% had their jobs at restaurants. Average working hours are 7 hours a day and 20 hours a week, which shows that they worked quite long hours. Fourth, 28.9% of respondents reported they wrote employment contracts, and 82.1% said their main purpose of work was 'to make money'. Fifth, 24.7% of the students reported the experience of unfair treatment while working, and the most common case was 'jobs other than expected work'(17.9%). When they were asked how they coped with the unfair treatments, the largest percentage(30.3%) of them answered they 'quit the job'. Last, when the respondants were asked to list improvements for juvenile part-time jobs, the answers were minimum wage and payment with weekly vacation allowance(25.1%), enhancing social awareness(14.3%), increasing good job opportunity(12.8%), and etc.. This demonstrates that social awareness of juvenile labor jobs is to improve urgently in local community.

본 연구는 지역사회에서 이루어지고 있는 청소년 노동의 실태와 노동인권 의식에 관한 실태조사를 통해서 S시에 거주하는 청소년들이 경험하고 있는 노동 상황을 파악하고, 청소년들이 노동 현장에서 부딪치는 여러 가지 내용들을 통해서 청소년들이 어떤 처우를 받고, 어떻게 대응하는가에 대한 실태를 파악하고자 한다. 또한 이들 청소년들이 노동현장에서 부당한 대우를 받았을 때 어떻게 대응하는 것이 바람직한가에 대한 올바른 교육을 위한 기초 자료를 확보하는 데 있다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 대상자 중 청소년 노동인 아르바이트 경험이 있는 학생이 262명 50.5%로 나타났다. 둘째, 노동인권에 대한 교육 경험이 있는 경우가 133명 24.9% 나타나서, 상대적으로 적은 학생들만이 노동인권에 대한 교육을 받은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 학생들의 아르바이트 경험에 대한 조사에서는 아르바이트를 할 때 가장 중요하게 고려하는 것은 '급여'로 응답자 중 54.2%이며, 아르바이트 구직방법은 '부모, 친구, 지인소개'가 응답자 중 67.7%이고, 최근에 경험한 아르바이트 종류는 '음식점'으로 응답자의 60.2%로 나타났다. 평균노동시간은 1일 7시간 정도이며, 주간은 20시간으로 나타나서 상대적으로 장시간을 노동에 참여하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 청소년들의 노동 참여과정에서 근로계약서를 작성하는 경우는 응답자의 28.9%로 나타났으며, 아르바이트의 주된 목적은 '돈을 벌려고'가 응답자의 82.1%이었다. 다섯째, 아르바이트를 하면서 부당한 대우를 경험했는가에 대해서는 응답자의 24.7%가 '그렇다'라고 하였으며, 부당한 대우의 해당 사례에 대해 복수 응답하게 한 결과 '약속이외의 업무'가 17.9%로 가장 높았다. 부당한 대우에 대한 대처방법에 대해서는 '일을 그만두었다' 30.3%로 가장 높았으며, 마지막으로 청소년의 아르바이를 위해 개선되어야 할 사항에 대해 복수 응답으로 조사한 결과 '최저임금, 주휴수당 등의 임금수준'이 25.1%, '사회적 인식개선' 14.3%, '좋은 일자리 확대' 12.8%, 등으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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