식물병연구 (Research in Plant Disease)

한국식물병리학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Pathology)
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미생물을 활용한 친환경적인 벼 병해 방제법

Biocontrol of Rice Diseases by Microorganisms

  • 김정애 ((재)농축산용미생물산업육성지원센터) ;
  • 송정섭 ((재)농축산용미생물산업육성지원센터) ;
  • 정민혜 (순천대학교) ;
  • 박숙영 (순천대학교) ;
  • 김양선 ((재)농축산용미생물산업육성지원센터)
  • Kim, Jung-Ae (Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agriculture and Livestock Microorganisms) ;
  • Song, Jeong-Sup (Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agriculture and Livestock Microorganisms) ;
  • Jeong, Min-Hye (Department of Plant Medicine, Suncheon National University) ;
  • Park, Sook-Young (Department of Plant Medicine, Suncheon National University) ;
  • Kim, Yangseon (Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agriculture and Livestock Microorganisms)
  • 투고 : 2021.11.24
  • 심사 : 2021.11.30
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31
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초록

벼는 전 세계 30억 인구의 식량 공급원으로 아시아 인구의 약 절반이 쌀을 식량자원으로 의존하며 100개 이상의 국가에서 재배되고 있다. 따라서 벼의 병해충에 따른 경제적 손실과 수확량 감소는 식량 수요와 공급을 위협할 수 있다. 벼에 발생하는 병해충을 방제하기 위해 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 방법은 농약을 통한 화학적 방제이다. 그러나 이러한 농약을 통한 환경 오염, 잔류 독성, 내성 병원균 출현, 토양 품질 저하 및 생물 다양성 파괴 등의 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 벼의 병해를 방제하기 위한 최근의 대안으로 미생물을 포함한 환경친화적인 생물학적 방제에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 미생물 작용제는 식물 병원균과의 경쟁, 항생제 효과 및 기생을 통해 식물 병을 방제 할 수 있다. 벼 근권에서 분리한 미생물들, 예를들어 Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Trichoderma sp. 등은 벼에 발생하는 다양한 곰팡이 및 세균 병들에 대한 생물 방제제로 사용가능성이 보고되었는데, 특히 벼도열병, 벼 잎집무늬마름병, 벼 흰잎마름병, 벼 깨씨무늬병 및 벼 키다리병을 방제하는 것으로 보고되었다. 이 리뷰에서는 벼에 발생하는 다양한 병에 대한 생물 방제제로서 미생물들이 적용된 연구들에 대하여 논의하였다.

Rice is responsible for the stable crop of 3 billion people worldwide, about half of Asian depends on it, and rice is grown in more than 100 countries. Rice diseases can lead to devastating economic loss by decreasing yield production, disturbing a stable food supply and demand chain. The most commonly used method to control rice disease is chemical control. However, misuse of chemical control can cause environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and the emergence of chemical-resistant pathogens, the deterioration of soil quality, and the destruction of biodiversity. In order to control rice diseases, research on alternative biocontrol is actively pursued including microorganism-oriented biocontrol agents. Microbial agents control plant disease through competition with and antibiotic effects and parasitism against plant pathogens. Microorganisms isolated from the rice rhizosphere are studied comprehensively as biocontrol agents against rice pathogens. Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Trichoderma sp. were reported to control rice diseases, such as blast, sheath blight, bacterial leaf blight, brown spot, and bakanae diseases. Here we reviewed the microorganisms that are studied as biocontrol agents against rice diseases.

키워드

과제정보

This work was supported by a grant from the Rural Development Administration (PJ0152782020).

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