Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Recent Advances in Synthetic, Industrial and Biological Applications of Violacein and Its Heterologous Production

  • Ahmed, Aqsa (School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University) ;
  • Ahmad, Abdullah (Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Li, Renhan (School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University) ;
  • AL-Ansi, Waleed (School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University) ;
  • Fatima, Momal (Department of Industrial Biotechnology, National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE)) ;
  • Mushtaq, Bilal Sajid (School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University) ;
  • Basharat, Samra (School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University) ;
  • Li, Ye (School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University) ;
  • Bai, Zhonghu (School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University)
  • Received : 2021.07.27
  • Accepted : 2021.09.26
  • Published : 2021.11.28
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Abstract

Violacein, a purple pigment first isolated from a gram-negative coccobacillus Chromobacterium violaceum, has gained extensive research interest in recent years due to its huge potential in the pharmaceutic area and industry. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances concerning this pigment, which include (1) fundamental studies of its biosynthetic pathway, (2) production of violacein by native producers, apart from C. violaceum, (3) metabolic engineering for improved production in heterologous hosts such as Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Yarrowia lipolytica, (4) biological/pharmaceutical and industrial properties, (5) and applications in synthetic biology. Due to the intrinsic properties of violacein and the intermediates during its biosynthesis, the prospective research has huge potential to move this pigment into real clinical and industrial applications.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work is support by the Jiangnan University Foundation Young Investigator Award (Grant JUSRP12057 to Y. L.) and The National Science Foundation of China (Grant 21878124 to Z. B.).

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