Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지)

The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Protection properties of HTS coil charging by rotary HTS flux pump in charging and compensation modes

  • Han, Seunghak (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Ji Hyung (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jeju National University) ;
  • Chae, Yoon Seok (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jeju National University) ;
  • Quach, Huu Luong (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jeju National University) ;
  • Yoon, Yong Soo (Department of Electrical Engineering, Shin Ansan University) ;
  • Kim, Ho Min (Department of Electrical Engineering, Jeju National University)
  • Received : 2021.08.30
  • Accepted : 2021.11.06
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The low normal zone propagation velocity (NZPV) of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape leads to a quench protection problem in HTS magnet applications. To overcome this limitation, various studies were conducted on HTS coils without turn-to-turn insulation (NI coils) that can achieve self-protection. On the other hand, NI coils have some disadvantages such as slow charging and discharging time. Previously, the HTS coils with turn-to-turn insulation (INS coils) were operated in power supply (PS) driven mode, which requires physical contact with the external PS at room-temperature, not in persistent current mode. When a quench occurs in INS coils, the low NZPV delays quench detection and protection, thereby damaging the coils. However, the rotary HTS flux pump supplies the DC voltage to the superconducting circuit with INS coils in a non-contact manner, which causes the INS coils to operate in a persistent current mode, while enabling quench protection. In this paper, a new protection characteristic of HTS coils is investigated with INS coils charging through the rotary HTS flux pump. To experimentally verify the quench protection characteristic of the INS coil, we investigated the current magnitude of the superconducting circuit through a quench, which was intentionally generated by thermal disturbances in the INS coil under charging or steady state. Our results confirmed the protection characteristic of INS coils using a rotary HTS flux pump.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT). (Nos. 2021R1C1C2003235 and 2019R1A2C1004715)

References

  1. H. Maeda and Y. Yanagisawa, "Recent Developments in High-Temperature Superconducting Magnet Technology (Review)," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 24, no. 3, Jun. 2014, Art. no. 4602412.
  2. D. W. Hazelton et al., "Recent developments in 2G HTS coil technology," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 2218-2222, Jun. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2009.2018791
  3. Y. S. Choi, D. L. Kim, and S. Y. Hahn, "Progress on the development of a 5 T HTS insert magnet for GHz class NMR applications," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 21, no. 3 PART 2, pp. 1644-1648, Jun. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.2101035
  4. S. Lee et al., "Persistent Current Mode Operation of A 2G HTS Coil with A Flux Pump," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016, Art. no. 0606104.
  5. Chris W Bumby et al., "Development of a brushless HTS exciter for a 10kW HTS synchronous generator," Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 29, no. 2, 2016, Art. no 024008.
  6. H. Jeon et al., "PID Control of an Electromagnet-Based Rotary HTS Flux Pump for Maintaining Constant Field in HTS Synchronous Motors," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 28, no. 4, Jun. 2018, Art. no. 5207605.
  7. S. Han et al., "Degradation of critical current in an HTS coated conductor considering curvature of ellipse for rotating flux pump," Adv. Cryogenic Engr., vol. 89, pp. 141-146, Jan 2018.
  8. S. B. Kim, A. Saitou, J. H. Joo, and T. Kadota, "The normal-zone propagation properties of the non-insulated HTS coil in cryocooled operation," Phys. C Supercond. its Appl., vol. 471, no. 21-22, pp. 1428-1431, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2011.05.209
  9. S. B. Kim et al., "The characteristics of the normal-zone propagation of the HTS coils with inserted Cu tape instead of electrical insulation," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 22, no. 3, Jun. 2012, Art. no. 4701504.
  10. D. Colangelo and B. Dutoit, "Impact of the normal zone propagation velocity of high-temperature superconducting coated conductors on resistive fault current limiters," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 25, no. 2, Apr. 2015, Art. no. 5601708.
  11. C. Lacroix and F. Sirois, "Corrigendum: Concept of a current flow diverter for accelerating the normal zone propagation velocity in 2G HTS coated" Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 27, no. 12, 2014, Art. no. 035003.
  12. S. B. Kim et al., "The study on improving the self-protection ability of HTS coils by removing the insulation and lamination of the various metal tapes," Phys. C Supercond. its Appl., vol. 484, pp. 310-315, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2012.03.064
  13. Y. Iwasa, Case Studies in Superconducting Magnets: Design and Operational Issues, 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag, 2009, pp. 496-505.
  14. Y. Iwasa et al., "Stability and quench protection of coated YBCO 'composite' tape," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1683-1686, Jun. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2005.849238
  15. S. Hahn et al., "A 78-mm/7-T multi-width no-insulation ReBCO magnet: Key concept and magnet design," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 24, no. 3, Jun. 2014, Art. no. 4602705.
  16. W. Yao, J. Bascunan, S. Hahn, and Y. Iwasa, "MgB2 coils for MRI applications," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 756-759, Jun. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.2044035
  17. J. H. Kim et al., "Effects of stabilizer thickness of 2G HTS wire on the design of a 1.5-MW-class HTS synchronous machine," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016, Art. no. 5206705.
  18. S. Hahn, D. K. Park, J. Bascunan, and Y. Iwasa, "HTS pancake coils without turn-to-turn insulation," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1592-1595, Jun. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.2093492
  19. Y. G. Kim, S. Hahn, K. L. Kim, O. J. Kwon, and H. G. Lee, "Investigation of HTS racetrack coil without turn-to-turn insulation for superconducting rotating machines," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 22, no. 3, Jun. 2012, Art. no. 5200604.
  20. H. J. Shin et al., "A study on cooling performances and over-current behaviors of GdBCO coils with respect to epoxy impregnation method," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 25, no. 3, Jun. 2015, Art. no. 4602105.
  21. S. Hahn et al., "No-insulation coil under time-varying condition: Magnetic coupling with external coil," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 23, no. 3, Jun. 2013, Art. no. 4601705.
  22. Y. H. Choi, S. G. Kim, S. H. Jeong, J. H. Kim, H. M. Kim, and H. Lee, "A Study on Charge-Discharge Characteristics of No-Insulation GdBCO Magnets Energized via a Flux Injector," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 27, no. 4, Jun. 2017, Art. no. 4601206.
  23. K. L. Kim et al., "Analytical and empirical studies on the characteristic resistances of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack pancake coil under various operating currents," Curr. Appl. Phys., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 8-13, Jan. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2014.10.029
  24. Y. H. Choi et al., "Thermal quench behaviors of no-insulation coils wound using GdBCO coated conductor tapes with various lamination materials," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 24, no. 3, Jun. 2014, Art. no. 8800105.
  25. H. Song, K. Gagnon, and J. Schwartz, "Quench behavior of conduction-cooled y Ba2Cu3O 7-δ coated conductor pancake coils stabilized with brass or copper," Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 23, no. 6, 2010, Art. no. 065021.
  26. L. A. Angurel et al., "Quench detection in YBa2 Cu3 O7-δ coated conductors using interferometric techniques," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 104, no. 9, Nov. 2008, Art. no. 093916.
  27. S. Liu, L. Ren, J. Li, and Y. Tang, "Analysis of quench propagation characteristics of the YBCO coated conductor," Phys. C Supercond. its Appl., vol. 471, no. 21-22, pp. 1080-1082, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2011.05.128
  28. H. Y. Park et al., "Analysis of temperature dependent quench characteristics of the YBCO coated conductor," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 2122-2125, Jun. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.2041770
  29. D. Uglietti and C. Marinucci, "Design of a quench protection system for a coated conductor insert coil," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 22, no. 3, Jun. 2012, Art. no. 4702704.
  30. H. Jeon et al., "Methods for Increasing the Saturation Current and Charging Speed of a Rotary HTS Flux-Pump to Charge the Field Coil of a Synchronous Motor," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 28, no. 3, Apr. 2018, Art. no. 5202605.
  31. H. Jeon et al., "PID Control of an Electromagnet-Based Rotary HTS Flux Pump for Maintaining Constant Field in HTS Synchronous Motors," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 28, no. 4, Jun. 2018, Art. no. 5207605.
  32. C. Hoffmann, D. Pooke, and A. D. Caplin, "Flux pump for HTS magnets," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1628-1631, Jun. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2010.2093115
  33. A. E. Pantoja, Z. Jiang, R. A. Badcock, and C. W. Bumby, "Impact of Stator Wire Width on Output of a Dynamo-Type HTS Flux Pump," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 26, no. 8, Dec. 2016, Art. no. 4805208.
  34. Z. Jiang, C. W. Bumby, R. A. Badcock, H. J. Sung, and R. A. Slade, "A novel rotating HTS flux pump incorporating a ferromagnetic circuit," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 26, no. 2, Mar. 2016, Art. no. 4900706.
  35. S. Lee et al., "Persistent Current Mode Operation of A 2G HTS Coil with A Flux Pump," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016, Art. no. 0606104.
  36. S. Han et al., "Charging Characteristics of Rotary HTS Flux Pump with Several Superconducting Wires," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 29, no. 5, Aug. 2019, Art. no. 0603605.
  37. H. Jeon et al., "Methods for increasing the saturation current and charging speed of a rotary HTS flux-pump to charge the field coil of a synchronous motor," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 28, no. 3, Apr. 2018, Art. no. 5202605.
  38. C. W. Bumby, Z. Jiang, J. G. Storey, A. E. Pantoja, and R. Badcock, "Anomalous open-circuit voltage from a high-Tc superconducting dynamo," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 108, 2016, Art. no. 122601.
  39. Z Jiang, C. W. Bumby, R. A. Badcock, H.-J. Sung, N. J. Long, and N. Amemiya, "Impact of flux gap upon dynamic resistance of a rotating HTS flux pump," Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 28, no. 11, Sep. 2015, Art. no. 115008.
  40. J. Geng et al., "Origin of dc voltage in type II superconducting flux pumps: Field, field rate of change, and current density dependence of resistivity," J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys., vol. 49, no. 11, 2016, Art. no. 11LT01.
  41. Z. Jiang, K. Hamilton, N. Amemiya, R. A. Badcock, and C. W. Bumby, "Dynamic resistance of a high-Tc superconducting flux pump," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 105, 2014, Art. no. 112601.
  42. J. H. Kim et al., "Fabrication and performance testing of a 1-kW-high-temperature superconducting generator with a high-temperature superconducting contactless field exciter," Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol. 33, Jul. 2020, Art. no. 095003.