참고문헌
- Aaron, D.S., Liu, Q., Tang, Z., Grim, G.M., Papandrew, A.B., Turhan, A., Zawodzinski, T.A., Mench, M.M., 2012. Dramatic performance gains in vanadium redox flow batteries through modified cell architecture. J. Power Sources 206, 450-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.12.026.
- Al-Fetlawi, H., Shah, A.A., Walsh, F.C., 2010. Modelling the effects of oxygen evolution in the all-vanadium redox flow battery. Electrochim. Acta 55, 3192-3205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.085.
- Alotto, P., Guarnieri, M., Moro, F., 2014. Redox flow batteries for the storage of renewable energy: a review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 29, 325-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.001.
- American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), 2014. Abs Advisory on Hybrid Electric Power System.
- ABB, 2012. Onboard DC Grid - the Step Forward in Power Generation and Propulsion.
- Barcellos, R., 2013. The hybrid propulsion system as an alternative for offshore vessels servicing and supporting remote oil field operations. OTC Bras. https://doi.org/10.4043/24467-MS.
- Bassam, A.M., Phillips, A.B., Turnock, S.R., Wilson, P.A., 2016. Sizing optimization of a fuel cell/battery hybrid system for a domestic ferry using a whole ship system simulator. In: 2016 Int. Conf. Electr. Syst. Aircraft, Railw. Sh. Propuls. Road Veh. Int. Transp. Electrif. Conf. ESARS-ITEC 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARSITEC.2016.7841333.
- Bassam, A.M., Phillips, A.B., Turnock, S.R., Wilson, P.A., 2017. Development of a multi-scheme energy management strategy for a hybrid fuel cell driven passenger ship. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 42, 623-635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.08.209.
- Bazari, Z., Moon, D., 2016. IMO Train the Trainer (TTT) Course on Energy Efficient Ship Operation. Module 5 - Ship Port Interface for Energy Efficiency.
- Bindner, H.W., Krog Ekman, C., Gehrke, O., Isleifsson, F.R., 2010. Characterization of Vanadium Flow Battery.
- Blanc, C., Rufer, A., 2008. Multiphysics and energetic modeling of a vanadium redox flow battery. In: 2008 IEEE Int. Conf. Sustain. Energy Technol. ICSET 2008, Singapore, Singapore, pp. 696-701. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSET.2008.4747096.
- Blanc, C., Rufer, A., 2010. Understanding the Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. https://doi.org/10.5772/13338.
- Bo, T.I., Johansen, T.A., Sorensen, A.J., Mathiesen, E., 2016. Dynamic consequence analysis of marine electric power plant in dynamic positioning. Appl. Ocean Res. 57, 30-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2016.02.004.
- T. Buczkowski, J. Noack, P. FischRer, J. Tubke, K. Pinkwart, A vanadium redox flow battery for uninterruptible power supply applications, in: Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Flow Batter. Forum, Glasgow, UK, n.d.: pp. 27-29.
- Cao, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, G., Jermsittiparsert, K., Razmjooy, N., 2019. Experimental modeling of PEM fuel cells using a new improved seagull optimization algorithm. Energy Rep. 5, 1616-1625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.013.
- Chang, Choong-koo, 2019. Factors Affecting Capacity Design of Lithium-Ion. MDPI, Basel, Switz.
- Chang, C.K., Sulley, M., 2018. Lithium-ion stationary battery capacity sizing formula for the establishment of industrial design standard. J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 13, 2561-2567. https://doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2018.13.6.2561.
- Chen, J.-Y., Hsieh, C.-L., Hsu, N.-Y., Chou, Y.-S., Chen, Y.-S., 2014. Determining the limiting current density of vanadium redox flow batteries. Energies 7, 5863-5873. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7095863.
- Choi, C.H., Yu, S., Han, I.S., Kho, B.K., Kang, D.G., Lee, H.Y., Seo, M.S., Kong, J.W., Kim, G., Ahn, J.W., Park, S.K., Jang, D.W., Lee, J.H., Kim, M., 2016. Development and demonstration of PEM fuel-cell-battery hybrid system for propulsion of tourist boat. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 41, 3591-3599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.186.
- Correa, J.M., Farret, F.A., Canha, L.N., Simoes, M.G., 2004. An electrochemical-based fuel-cell model suitable for electrical engineering automation approach. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 51, 1103-1112. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2004.834972.
- Darling, R.M., Weber, A.Z., Tucker, M.C., Perry, M.L., 2015. The influence of electric field on crossover in redox-flow batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 163, A5014-A5022. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0031601jes.
- Derr, I., 2017. Electrochemical Degradation and Chemical Aging of Carbon Felt Electrodes in All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Freie Universit at Berlin. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000104831.
- Derr, I., Bruns, M., Langner, J., Fetyan, A., Melke, J., Roth, C., 2016. Degradation of all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) investigated by electrochemical impedance and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: Part 2 electrochemical degradation. J. Power Sources 325, 351-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.040.
- DNV, G.L., 2015. RULES for CLASSIFICATION Inland Navigation Vessels Part 5 Ship Types Chapter 6 Tugs and Pushers.
- Domaschk, L.N., Ouroua, A., Hebner, R.E., Bowlin, O.E., Colson, W.B., 2007. Coordination of large pulsed loads on future electric ships. IEEE Trans. Magn. 43, 450-455. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2006.887676.
- Fisher, P., Jostins, J., Hilmansen, S., Kendall, K., 2012. Electronic integration of fuel cell and battery system in novel hybrid vehicle. J. Power Sources 220, 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.07.071.
- Gan, L.K., Reniers, J., Howey, D., 2017. A Hybrid Vanadium Redox/Lithium-Ion Energy Storage System for Off-Grid Renewable Power, pp. 1016-1023.
- Geertsma, R.D., Negenborn, R.R., Visser, K., Hopman, J.J., 2017. Design and control of hybrid power and propulsion systems for smart ships: a review of developments. Appl. Energy 194, 30-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.060.
- Giakoumis, E.G., Alafouzos, A.I., 2010. Study of diesel engine performance and emissions during a Transient Cycle applying an engine mapping-based methodology. Appl. Energy 87, 1358-1365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.09.003.
- Hagemeister, C., Otto, H., Kristensen, H., 2011. Environmental Performance Evaluation of RoPax Ferries.
- Han, J., Charpentier, J.F., Tang, T., 2014. An energy management system of a fuel cell/battery hybrid boat. Energies 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7052799.
- International Maritime Organization, 2014. Resolution MEPC.245(66): 2014 guidelines on the method of calculation of the attained energy efficiency design Index (EEDI) for new ships. In: MEPC 66/21, pp. 1-30.
- International Maritime Organization, 2016. IMO Train the Trainer (TTT) Course on Energy Efficient Ship Operation - Ship Port Interface for Energy Efficiency.
- International Maritime Organization, 2016. Annex 9. Resolution MEPC 281 (70).
- Jafari, M., Khan, K., Gauchia, L., 2018. Deterministic models of Li-ion battery aging: it is a matter of scale. J. Energy Storage. 20, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2018.09.002.
- Jeong, J., Seo, S., You, H., Chang, D., 2018. Comparative analysis of a hybrid propulsion using LNG-LH2complying with regulations on emissions. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 43, 3809-3821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.01.041.
- Kear, G., Shah, A.A., Walsh, F.C., 2012. Development of the all-vanadium redox flow battery for energy storage: a review of technological, financial and policy aspects. Int. J. Energy Res. 1105-1120. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.
- Kim, B., Kim, K., 2017. KR101803825B1 - Redox Flow Battery.
- Krcum, M., Gudelj, A., Tomas, V., 2018. Optimal design of ship's hybrid power system for efficient energy. Trans. Marit. Sci. 7, 23-32. https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v07.n01.002.
- Kypuros, J.A., 2009. System Dynamics and Control with Bond Graph Modeling. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8074-8_6.
- Lashway, C.R., Elsayed, A.T., Mohammed, O.A., 2016. Hybrid energy storage management in ship power systems with multiple pulsed loads. Elec. Power Syst. Res. 141, 50-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2016.06.031.
- Li, M., Hikihara, T., 2008. A coupled dynamical model of redox flow battery based on chemical reaction, fluid flow and electrical circuit. Inst. Electron. Inf. an Commun. Eng. E91, 1741-1747. https://doi.org/10.1093/ietfec/e91-a.7.1741.
- Luo, Q., Li, L., Wang, W., Nie, Z., Wei, X., Li, B., Chen, B., Yang, Z., Sprenkle, V., 2013. Capacity decay and remediation of nafion-based all-vanadium redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem 6, 268-274. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201200730.
- Lutha, T., Konig, S., Suriyah, M., Leibfried, T., 2018. Passive components limit the cost reduction of conventionally designed vanadium redox flow batteries. Energy Procedia 155, 379-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.040.
- MAN, Diesel, Turbo, 2012. Diesel-electric Drives Diesel-Electric Propulsion Plants: a Brief Guideline How to Engineer a Diesel-Electric Propulsion System.
- MarineTraffic. M/S Smyril voyage details (n.d.)(accessed June 14, 2018). https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/details/ships/shipid:181927/vessel:SMYRIL.
- Martin, I.S., Ursua, A., Sanchis, P., 2014. Modelling of PEM fuel cell performance: steady-state and dynamic experimental validation. Energies 7, 670-700. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7020670.
- Menictas, C., Skyllas-Kazacos, M., 2011. Performance of vanadium-oxygen redox fuel cell. J. Appl. Electrochem. 41, 1223-1232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-011-0342-8.
- Merei, G., Adler, S., Magnor, D., Leuthold, M., Sauer, D.U., 2014. Multi-physics model for a vanadium redox flow battery. Energy Procedia. The Authors, pp. 194-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.173.
- Milshtein, J.D., Tenny, K.M., Barton, J.L., Drake, J., Darling, R.M., Brushett, F.R., 2017. Quantifying mass transfer rates in redox flow batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 164, E3265-E3275. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0201711jes.
- Minnehan, J.J., Pratt, J.W., 2017. Practical Application Limits of Fuel Cells and Batteries for Zero Emission Vessels.
- Moura, S.J., Callaway, D.S., Fathy, H.K., Stein, J.L., 2010. Tradeoffs between battery energy capacity and stochastic optimal power management in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. J. Power Sources 195, 2979-2988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.11.026.
- Murthy, S.K., Sharma, A.K., Choo, C., Birgersson, E., 2018. Analysis of concentration overpotential in an all-vanadium redox flow battery. J. Electrochem. Soc. 165, A1746-A1752. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0681809jes.
- nano_Flowcell, QUANT, 48VOLT, 2018. http://nanoflowcell.com/what-we-do/prototyping/quant-48volt/. (Accessed 15 May 2018) accessed.
- NedStack, NedStack PS6 Product Data, (n.d.).
- NedStack. NedStack PS50 product data (n.d.)accessed June 11, 2018). http://www.fuelcellmarkets.com/content/images/articles/ps50.pdf.
- Nibel, O., Taylor, S.M., Patru, A., Fabbri, E., Gubler, L., Schmidt, T.J., 2017. Performance of different carbon electrode materials: insights into stability and degradation under real vanadium redox flow battery operating conditions. J. Electrochem. Soc. 164, A1608. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1081707jes.eA1615.
- Ning, G., Haran, B., Popov, B.N., 2003. Capacity fade study of lithium-ion batteries cycled at high discharge rates. J. Power Sources 117, 160-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00029-6.
- Njoya, S.M., Tremblay, O., Dessaint, L.-A., 2009. A generic fuel cell model for the simulation of fuel cell vehicles. In: 2009 IEEE Veh. Power Propuls. Conf., pp. 1722-1729. https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC.2009.5289692.
- Njoya Motapon, S., Dessaint, L.A., Al-Haddad, K., 2014. A comparative study of energy management schemes for a fuel-cell hybrid emergency power system of more-electric aircraft. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 61, 1320-1334. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2013.2257152.
- Noack, J.N., Vorhauser, L., Pinkwart, K., Tuebke, J., 2011. Aging studies of vanadium redox flow batteries. ECS Trans. 33, 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3589916.
- Paganelli, G., Delprat, S., Guerra, T.M., Rimaux, J., Santin, J.J., 2002. Equivalent consumption minimization strategy for parallel hybrid powertrains. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf. 4, 2076-2081. https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.2002.1002989.
- Pender, J.P., Jha, G., Youn, D.H., Ziegler, J.M., Andoni, I., Choi, E.J., Heller, A., Dunn, B.S., Weiss, P.S., Penner, R.M., Mullins, C.B., 2020. Electrode degradation in lithiumion batteries. ACS Nano 14, 1243-1295. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b04365.
- Pezeshki, A.M., Sacci, R.L., Veith, G.M., Zawodzinski, T.A., Mench, M.M., 2016. The cell-in-series method: a technique for accelerated electrode degradation in redox flow. Batteries 163, 5202-5210. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0251601jes.
- Port of Oslo, 2012. Facts about the Onshore Power Supply at the Port of Oslo.
- Prenc, R., Cuculic, A., Baumgartner, I., 2016. Advantages of using a DC power system on board ship. J. Marit. Transp. Sci. 52, 83-97. https://doi.org/10.18048/2016.52.05
- Pugach, M., Kondratenko, M., Briola, S., Bischi, A., 2018. Zero dimensional dynamic model of vanadium redox flow battery cell incorporating all modes of vanadium ions crossover. Appl. Energy 226, 560-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.05.124.
- Saeed, E.W., Warkozek, E.G., 2015. Modeling and analysis of renewable PEM fuel cell system. Energy Procedia 74, 87-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.527.
- Schweiss, R., Pritzl, A., Meiser, C., 2016. Parasitic hydrogen evolution at different carbon fiber electrodes in vanadium redox flow batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 163, A2089. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1281609jes.-A2094.
- Sciberras, E., Grech, A., 2012. Optimization of hybrid propulsion systems. Int. J. Mar. Navig. Saf. Sea Transp. 6, 539-546.
- Sdi, S., 2014. Specification of Product INR18650-25R, 0-15. http://www.datasheetpdf.com/datasheet/Samsung/799163/INR18650-20R.pdf.html.
- Seyezhai, R., Mathur, B., 2011. Mathematical modeling of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 20, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1837667.
- Shah, A.A., Watt-Smith, M.J., Walsh, F.C., 2008. A dynamic performance model for redox-flow batteries involving soluble species. Electrochim. Acta 53, 8087-8100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.05.067.
- Shah, A.A., Al-Fetlawi, H., Walsh, F.C., 2010. Dynamic modelling of hydrogen evolution effects in the all-vanadium redox flow battery. Electrochim. Acta 55, 1125-1139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.10.022.
- Shah, A.A., Tangirala, R., Singh, R., Wills, R.G.A., Walsh, F.C., 2011. A dynamic unit cell model for the all-vanadium flow battery. J. Electrochem. Soc. 158, A671. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3561426.
- Skyllas-Kazacos, M., Menictas, C., 1997. The vanadium redox battery for emergency back-up applications. Proc. Power Energy Syst. Converging Mark. 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1997.645928.
- Skyllas-Kazacos, M., Menictas, C., Lim, T., 2013. 12. Redox flow batteries for medium- to large-scale energy storage. In: Melhem, Z. (Ed.), Electr. Transm. Distrib. Storage Syst. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, UK, pp. 398-441. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857097378.3.398.
- Soloveichik, G.L., 2015. Flow batteries: current status and trends. Chem. Rev. 115, 11533-11558. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500720t.
- Southall, M., Butcher, M., 2016. Integration, optimisation and benefits of energy storage for marine applications. 13th Int. Nav. Eng. Conf. Exhib. 1-13.
- Sun, C., Chen, J., Zhang, H., Han, X., Luo, Q., 2010. Investigations on transfer of water and vanadium ions across Nafion membrane in an operating vanadium redox flow battery. J. Power Sources 195, 890-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.08.041.
- Tang, A., Bao, J., Skyllas-Kazacos, M., 2011. Dynamic modelling of the effects of ion diffusion and side reactions on the capacity loss for vanadium redox flow battery. J. Power Sources 196, 10737-10747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.09.003.
- Tolj, I., Lototskyy, M.V., Davids, M.W., Pasupathi, S., Swart, G., Pollet, B.G., 2013. Fuel cell-battery hybrid powered light electric vehicle (golf cart): influence of fuel cell on the driving performance. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38, 10630-10639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.06.072.
- Tronstad, T., Astrand, H.H., Haugom, G.P., Langfeldt, L., 2017. Study on the Use of Fuel Cells in Shipping.
- Tudorache, T., Roman, C., 2010. The numerical modeling of transient regimes of diesel generator sets. Acta Polytech. Hungarica. 7, 39-53.
- van Biert, L., Godjevac, M., Visser, K., Aravind, P.V., 2016. A review of fuel cell systems for maritime applications. J. Power Sources 327, 345-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.007.
- Veziroglu, A., MacArio, R., 2011. Fuel cell vehicles: state of the art with economic and environmental concerns. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36, 25-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.08.145.
- Volker, T., 2013. Hybrid Propulsion Concepts on Ships Harbor Tug Description of Harbor Tug Load Profiles for Harbor Tug. Sci. J. Gdynia Marit. Univ., pp. 66-76
- Watanabe, S., Kinoshita, M., Hosokawa, T., Morigaki, K., Nakura, K., 2014. Capacity fade of LiAlyNi1-x-yCoxO 2 cathode for lithium-ion batteries during accelerated calendar and cycle life tests (surface analysis of LiAlyNi1-x-yCo xO2 cathode after cycle tests in restricted depth of discharge ranges). J. Power Sources 258, 210-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.02.018.
- Weber, A.Z., Mench, M.M., Meyers, J.P., Ross, P.N., Gostick, J.T., Liu, Q., 2011. Redox flow batteries: a review. J. Appl. Electrochem. 41, 1137-1164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-011-0348-2.
- Xi, J., Xiao, S., Yu, L., Wu, L., Liu, L., Qiu, X., 2016. Broad temperature adaptability of vanadium redox flow battery - Part 2: cell research. Electrochim. Acta 191, 695-704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.165.
- You, X., Ye, Q., Cheng, P., 2017. The dependence of mass transfer coefficient on the electrolyte velocity in carbon felt electrodes: determination and validation. J. Electrochem. Soc. 164, E3386-E3394. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0401711jes.
- Zahedi, B., Norum, L.E., Ludvigsen, K.B., 2014. Optimized efficiency of all-electric ships by dc hybrid power systems. J. Power Sources 255, 341-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.01.031.
- Zhang, X., Mi, C.C., Masrur, A., Daniszewski, D., 2008. Wavelet-transform-based power management of hybrid vehicles with multiple on-board energy sources including fuel cell, battery and ultracapacitor. J. Power Sources 185, 1533-1543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.08.046.
- Zhang, J., Li, L., Nie, Z., Chen, B., Vijayakumar, M., Kim, S., Wang, W., Schwenzer, B., Liu, J., Yang, Z., 2011. Effects of additives on the stability of electrolytes for all-vanadium redox flow batteries. J. Appl. Electrochem. 41, 1215-1221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-011-0312-1.
- Zhang, X., Li, Y., Skyllas-kazacos, M., Bao, J., 2016. Optimal Sizing of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Systems for Residential Applications Based on Battery Electrochemical Characteristics. Energies. https://doi.org/10.3390/en9100857.