KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of LED Light Intensity on Seedling Quality and Tuber Production of Potato Stem Cuttings Grown in a Closed-Type Plant Production System

폐쇄형식물생산시스템을 이용한 감자 경삽묘 육묘시 묘소질과 괴경 생산에 대한 LED 광도의 영향

  • Jo, Man Hyun (Seed Management Office, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Ham, In Ki (Horticulture Research Division, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Park, Kwon Seo (Seed Management Office, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Cho, Ji Hong (Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 조만현 (충청남도농업기술원 종자관리소) ;
  • 함인기 (충청남도농업기술원 원예연구과) ;
  • 박권서 (충청남도농업기술원 종자관리소) ;
  • 조지홍 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소)
  • Received : 2020.06.04
  • Accepted : 2020.09.21
  • Published : 2020.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was performed to establish light intensity conditions for producing stem cuttings for aeroponic systems suitable for seed potato production using a closed-type plant production system. Shoot tip cultured plantlets of 'Sumi' and 'Chubaek' potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were acclimatized, cuttings were collected, and stem cuttings were planted. The seedlings were raised for 40 days at different LED light intensities (60, 120, 180, and 240 μmol·m-2·s-1), and were cultivated in an aeroponic system for 80 days. When stem cuttings were raised at 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 LED light intensity, the plant height was the longest, at 17.3 cm for 'Sumi' and 16.1 cm for 'Chubaek', and the number of nodes was the highest in both cultivars. The higher light intensities, produced smaller plants with fewer nodes. The leaf areas, SPAD values, and Fv/Fm values differed slightly between cultivars. The fresh weight of stem cuttings, and the production rate of healthy stem cuttings were the highest at 60 μmol·m-2·s-1. In the aeroponic system, seedlings raised at 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 with LED light intensity showed a difference between the cultivars, but the fresh weight of stems and leaves above the planting plate was the heaviest. In addition, below the planting plate the stem cuttings were longest and the root weight was heaviest at 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 LED light intensity. The number of stolons also differed between cultivars, but was greatest for seedlings raised at 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 LED light intensity, at 4.2/plant for 'Sumi' and 7.7/plant for 'Chubaek'. At 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 LED light intensity, the tuber number and total tuber weight were the best, but the higher the light intensity, the smaller the total tuber number and total tuber weight for both cultivars. In conclusion, when producing potato stem cuttings for aeroponic systems using a closed-type plant production system, the most suitable LED light intensity for raising seedlings was found to be 60 μmol·m-2·s-1.

본 연구는 씨감자 생산에 적합한 분무경재배용 경삽묘를 폐쇄형식물생산시스템을 이용하여 생산하기 위한 광도조건을 설정하기 위하여 수행하였다. 감자(Solanum tuberosum L.) '수미'와 '추백'의 경정배양묘를 순화한 다음 삽수를 채취하여 경삽하였다. 서로 다른 LED 광도(60, 120, 180, 그리고 240 μmol·m-2·s-1)에서 40일간 육묘하고, 80일간 분무경재배하였다. 1. LED 광도 60 μmol·m-2·s-1에서 경삽묘를 육묘하였을 경우 '수미' 17.3 cm, '추백' 16.1 cm로 두 품종 모두 초장이 가장 길었고, 마디수도 많았다. 광도가 높을수록 초장은 작고 마디수도 적었다. 2. 품종에 따라 엽면적이나 SPAD 값, Fv/Fm 값은 육묘기의 광도에 따라 약간의 차이를 보였다. 경삽묘의 생체중은 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 광도에서 가장 무거웠으며, 건전묘 생산율도 두 품종 모두 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 광도에서 가장 높았다. 3. 분무경재배에서 LED 광도 60 μmol·m-2·s-1에서 육묘한 경삽묘가 품종간 차이를 보이기는 하지만 지상부 경엽중이 가장 무거웠고, 정식판 아래 경삽묘장이 가장 길고 뿌리 무게도 가장 무거웠으며, 광도가 높을수록 가벼웠다. 4. 복지수에 있어서도 품종간 차이는 있으나 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 광도에서 육묘한 경우 '수미' 4.2개/주, '추백' 7.7개/주로 가장 많았다. 또한 60 μmol·m-2·s-1 광도에서 괴경수 및 총괴경중이 가장 좋았는데 광도가 높을수록 두 품종의 총괴경수와 총괴경중이 적어지는 경향이었다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 보면 폐쇄형식물생산시스템을 이용하여 분무경재배용 경삽묘를 생산할 경우, 육묘에 적합한 LED 광도는 60 μmol·m-2·s-1라고 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Baker, N.R. and E. Rosenqvist. 2004. Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: an examination of future possibilities. J. Exp. Bot. 55 : 1607-1621. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh196
  2. Bryan, J.E., N.G. Melendez, and M.T. Jackson. 1981. Stem cuttings, a rapid multiplication technique for potatoes. International Potato Centre, Lima, Peru. Series I, Guide Book 1/3. pp. 1-15.
  3. Buck, JrR. W. and R.V. Akeley. 1966. How to obtain the most plants from one potato tuber. Amer. Potato J. 43 : 128-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862622
  4. Chang, D. C., S. Y. Kim, K. Y. Shin, Y. R. Cho, and Y. B. Lee. 2000. Development of a nutrient solution for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) seed tuber production in a closed hydroponic system. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. & Technol. 18(3) : 334-341.
  5. Chloupek, O. 1970. On the determination of the relation between root matter and the yield of potatoes (Czechoslovak with English summary), Rostlinna vyroba (Praha). 16(2) : 175-180.
  6. Choi, D. J., J. T. Yon, H. S. Lee, J. S. Kim, S. G. Choi, and H. D. Chung. 1994. Effect of microtuber size on storability, growth, and yield of potato plants. RDA. J. Agri. Sci. 36(2) : 429-433.
  7. Choi, G. L., M. W. Cho, J. W. Cheong, H. C. Rhee, K. H. Yeo, N. J. Kang, and H. J. Kim. 2014. Effect of temperature and light intensity on the growth of leafy vegetable in plant factory production. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 32 (Suppl. II), p.105.
  8. Choi, J. I., E. J. Hahn, and K. Y. Paek. 1999. Photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of Hedera canariensis, Pachira aquatica, and Ficus benjamina in response to phtosynthetic photon fluxes and CO2 concentrations. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 40(5) : 627-630.
  9. Choi, Y. H., J. K. Kwon, J. H. Lee, N. J. Kang, M. W. Cho, and J. S. Kang. 2004. Effect of night and daytime temperatures on growth and yield of paprika 'Fiesta' and 'Jubilee'. J. BioEnviron. Con. 13 : 226-232.
  10. Cole, E. F. and N. S. Wright. 1967. Propagation of potato by stem cuttings. Amer. Potato J. 44 : 301-304. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02864724
  11. Dewir, Y. H., D. Chakrabarty, M. B. Ali, E. J. Hahn, and K. Y. Paek. 2005. Effects of hydroponic solution EC, substrates, PPF and nutrient scheduling on growth and photosynthetic competence during acclimatization of micropropagated Spathiphyllum plantlets. Plant Growth Regulation. 46 : 241-251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-005-0161-1
  12. Fong, K. H. and A. Ulrich. 1969. Growing potato plants by the water culture technique. Amer. Potato J. 46 : 269-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02877141
  13. Goodwin, P. B., Y. C. Kim, and T. Adisarwanto. 1980. Propagation of potato by shoot-tip culture. 1. Shoot multiplication. Potato Res. 23 : 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02364021
  14. Hamann, U. 1974. Intensive propagation of potato. Poland Instit. Bonin, The potato.
  15. Hayashi, M., N. Fujita, Y. Kitaya, and T. Kozai. 1992. Effect of sideward lighting on the growth of potato plantlets in vitro. Acta Hort. 319 : 163-166. https://doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1992.319.21
  16. Hussey, G. and N. J. Stacey. 1984. Factors affecting the formation of in vitro tubers of potato. Ann. of Bot. 53 : 565-578. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a086720
  17. International Potato Center. 1975. Propagation of potato stocks by stem cutting and related techniques. Ann Rep CIP 1975. Lima, Peru. pp. a.
  18. International Potato Center. 1976. Stem cuttings and related techniques. Ann. Rep. CIP 1976. Lima, Peru. pp. 72-74.
  19. Iwama, K., K. Nakaseko, K. Gotoh, Y. Nishibe, and Y. Umemura. 1979. Varietal differences in root system and its relationship with shoot development and tuber yield. Japan Jour. Crop Sci. 48(3) : 403-408. https://doi.org/10.1626/jcs.48.403
  20. Jeong, B. R., K. Fujiwara, and T. Kozai. 1995. Environmental control and photoautotrophic micropropagation. Horticultural Reviews. 17 : 125-172.
  21. Jo, M. H., I. K. Ham, M. A. Lee, N. H. Song, I. S. Woo, and T. H. Rho. 2001. Effect of the culture vessel ecosystem on the growth and development of potato plantlets by bioreactors. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 42(2) : 128-130.
  22. Jo, M. H., K. S. Park, S. S. Lee, I. K. Ham, J. H. Ahn, T. G. Kim, H. S. Kang, S. R. Kim, J. H. Cho, D. C. Chang, Y. E. Park, and D. J. Lee. 2017. Growth and productivity test of progeny by tuber weight using seed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) harvested by using aeroponics system. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 35 (Suppl II) : p. 90.
  23. Jo, M. H., I. K. Ham, K. S. Park, S. S. Lee, J. H. Ahn, T. G. Kim, H. S. Kang, S. R. Kim, J. H. Cho, D. C. Chang, Y. E. Park, J. H. Lee, and K. W. Lee. 2018a. Growth and yield characteristics by age of stem cuttings and planting time on aeroponics system in 'Chubaek' potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Hortic. Sci. Technol. 36 (Suppl I) : pp. 87-88.
  24. Jo, M. H., I. K. Ham, K. S. Park, S. S. Lee, J. H. Ahn, T. G. Kim, H. S. Kang, S. R. Kim, and J. H. Cho. 2018b. Growth and yield characteristics by plant height of stem cuttings on aeroponics system in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Hortic. Sci. Technol. 36 (Suppl II) : p. 205.
  25. Jo, M. H., I. K. Ham, K. S. Park, S. S. Lee, J. H. Ahn, T. G. Kim, H. S. Kang, S. R. Kim, J. H. Cho, D. C. Chang, H. K. Kim, and D. J. Lee. 2018c. Growth and yield characteristics by age of stem cuttings on aeroponics system in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Hortic. Sci. Technol. 36 (Suppl II) : p. 256.
  26. Jo, M. H., I. K. Ham, K. S. Park, S. S. Lee, J. H. Ahn, T. G. Kim, H. S. Kang, S. R. Kim, and J. H. Cho. 2019. Growth and yield characteristics by planting time of stem cuttings on aeroponics system in 'Chubaek' potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Hortic. Sci. Technol. 37 (Suppl I) : pp. 183-184.
  27. Jo, M. H., I. K. Ham, K. S. Park, and J. H. Cho. 2020. Effects of LED light intensity in raising seedling by stem cuttings on seed potato tubers production using aeroponics system. Hort-Science 55(9) Supplement-2020 ASHS Annual Conference : S96.
  28. Joung, H. 1989. Mass production of potato microtuber by tissue culture technique and application. Agricultural Biotechnology Symposium. pp. 100-124.
  29. Kang, H. S., S. R. Kim, K. H. Hyun, H. G. Lee, and Y. K. Kang. 2005. Effects of greening in bed of aeroponics system on yield and rotten rate of potato tubers. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23(4) : 377-381.
  30. Kang, H. S., K. H. Hyun, H. G. Lee, and Y. K. Kang. 2006. Effects of transplant raising method on growth and tuber yield of potato grown in aeroponics system. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 24(1) : 32-36.
  31. Kang, H. S., S. R. Kim, T. G. Kim, S. Y. Hong, and Y. K. Kang. 2017. Effect of seedling quality on the seedling raising period of stem cutting and yield charateristics of 'Solara' potatoes in aeroponics cultivation. Korean J. Crop Sci. 62(1) : 60-65. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2016.62.1.060
  32. Kang, J. G., S. Y. Kim, H. J. Kim, Y. H. Om, and J. K. Kim. 1996. Growth and Tuberization of potato (Solanum tubersum L.) cultivars in aeroponics, deep flow technique and nutrient film technique culture systems. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 37(1) : 24-27.
  33. Kim, H. J., K. S. Kim, W. B. Kim, and K. S. Choi. 1993. Studies on small seed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) multiplication by hydroponic and its practical use. RDA. J. Agri. Sci. 35(1) : 524-529.
  34. Kim, H. J., S. Y. Ryu, K. S. Choi, B. H. Kim, and J. K. Kim. 1997. Mass production of seed potato via hydroponic culture. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 38(1) : 24-28.
  35. Kim, H. Y. 2005. Potato cytogenetics. GEOBOOK, Seoul, Republic of Korea. pp. 17-21.
  36. Kim, Y. H., H. J. Kim, J. W. Lee, and J. M. Kim. 2008. Growth of potato plug seedlings as affected by photosynthetic photon flux in a closed transplants production system. J. of Biosystems Eng. 33(2) : 106-114. https://doi.org/10.5307/JBE.2008.33.2.106
  37. Kitaya, Y., O. Fukuda, and T. Kozai. 1995. Effects of light intensity and light direction on the photoautotrophic growth and morphology of potato plantlets in vitro. Scientia Horticulture. 62 : 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(94)00760-D
  38. Lee, B. J., M. K. Won, D. H. Lee, and D. G. Shin. 2001. Changes in SPAD chlorophyll value of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) by photoperiod and light intensity. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. & Technol. 19(4) : 555-559.
  39. Masamoto, T. 2007. Plant Factory. Ohmsha and World Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo.
  40. Massantini, F. 1985. The light and dark sides of aeroponics. Soilless Culture. 1 : 85-96.
  41. Maxwell, K. 1986. Soilless (hydroponic) culture the past, present and future. Soilless Culture. 2 : 27-34.
  42. Murashige, T. and F. Skoog. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant. 15 : 473-497. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
  43. Piao, X. C., E. J. Hahn, and K. Y. Paek. 2001. Chlorophyll Fluorescence Response and Photosynthesis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. 'Atlantic' and 'Russet Burbank') by PPF. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. & Technol. 19 (Suppl. II) : p. 105.
  44. Piao, X. C., D. Chakrabarty, E. J. Hahn, and K. Y. Paek. 2004. The growth and photosynthetic characteristics of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlets as affected by hydroponic solution pH and EC, light, and CO2. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 129(1) : 100-105. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.129.1.0100
  45. Ulrich, A., K. Ohki, and K. H. Fong. 1972. A method for growing potatoes by combining water culture and pot culture techniques. Amer. Potato J. 49 : 35-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862939
  46. Wang, P. J. and C. Y. Hu. 1982. In vitro mass tuberization and virus-free seed potato production in Taiwan. Amer. Potato J. 59 : 33-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02854881
  47. Wheeler, R. M., C. L. Mackowiak, J. C. Sager, W. M. Knott, and C. R. Hinkle. 1990. Potato growth and yield using nutrient film technique (NFT). Amer. Potato J. 67 : 177-187. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02987070
  48. Yiem, M. S., Y. H. Park, J. K. Kim, S. Y. Kim, H. M. Cho, and B. H. Hahn. 1990. Studies on seed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) multiplication by microtuberization and its practical use. 1. The influences of several factors on in vitro tuberization of shoot nodes in potato, cv. 'Dejima'. Res. Rept. RDA (H) 32(3) : 46-53.
  49. Zobel, R. W., P. D. Tredici, and J. G. Torrey. 1976. Method for growing plants aeroponically. Plant Physiol. 57 : 344-346. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.57.3.344