KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Effects of High Temperature and Drought on Yield and Quality of Soybean

고온과 한발이 콩의 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향

  • Shin, Pyeong (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Sang, Wan-Gyu (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jun-Hwan (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Yun-ho (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Baek, Jae-Kyeong (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kwon, Dong-Won (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Jung-Il (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Seo, Myung-Chul (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 신평 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 상완규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 김준환 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 이윤호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 백재경 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 권동원 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 조정일 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 서명철 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과)
  • Received : 2020.10.12
  • Accepted : 2020.11.05
  • Published : 2020.12.01
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Abstract

Currently, many studies are being conducted to cope with climate changes due to global warming and abnormal weather. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of weather on the growth, yield components, and quality of soybeans using weather data from 2017 and 2018. The average temperature in 2018 was higher than that in 2017 from R1 to R5 of the growth stage for all cultivars. On the other hand, precipitation in 2018 was reduced compared to that in 2017 for Daewon and Daepung-2ho. It was observed that the flowering date in 2018 was earlier than that in 2017 for Daewon and Daepung-2ho, but the flowering date for Pungsannamul in 2018 was similar to that in 2017. Simulating soil water content with the estimation model (AFKAE0.5) determined that there were fewer drought dates in 2017 than those in 2018, and drought lasted from R1 to early R5 of the growth stage in 2018. Soybean growth in 2017 was better than that in 2018, and seed yield and 100-seed weight of soybean were higher in 2017 than those in 2018 for all cultivars. The seed size in 2017 was larger than that in 2018 for all cultivars. Oil content in 2017 was higher than that in 2018; in particular, the difference between both years was observed for Daewon and Daepung-2ho. Protein content was higher in 2018 than that in 2017; however, there were different levels for each cultivar. Thus, these results indicate that the yield component and quality of soybeans are affected by high temperature and drought.

본 연구는 2017년과 2018년의 기상을 가지고 연도별에 따른 대원, 대풍2호, 풍산나물콩의 생육 및 수량구성요소와 종자 크기, 지방, 단백질 함량을 분석하였다. 두 연도별 생육 시기를 보면 대원과 대풍2호에서 2018년이 2017년보다 생육 시기가 빠른 경향을 보였으나 풍산나물콩은 큰 차이가 없었다. 생육 기간 중 R1~R5에서 평균기온은 모든 품종에서 2018년이 2017년보다 높은 반면에 강수량은 풍산나물콩을 제외한 모든 품종에서 2018년이 2017년보다 적었다. 수분모형으로 각 연도의 일별 토양수분함량을 예측한 결과 2018년이 2017년보다 한발 기간이 길었고 개화시부터 종실비대기 이전까지 한발이 지속된 것으로 예측되었다. 종실 수량과 백립중은 2017년이 2018년보다 더 컸으며, 종실 크기는 2017년의 종실이 2018년보다 큰 경향을 나타내었다. 지방 함량은 모든 품종에서 2017년의 지방함량이 2018년보다 많았고 대풍2호, 대원이 연도별 기상에 따른 큰 차이를 보였다. 반면 단백질 함량은 2018년이 2017년보다 높은 경향을 보였지만 품종별 차이를 나타내었다. 결과적으로 2018년의 개화시부터 종실비대시 이전 기간이 2017년보다 평균기온이 높고 강수량이 적은 기상으로 인하여 콩의 수량, 지방 및 단백질 함량에 영향을 주었다. 이번 연구를 통하여 고온과 한발에 내성이 있음과 동시에 품질 감소가 저하되는 콩 품종 개발 및 재배 연구가 활발하게 이루어질 것이라 생각된다.

Keywords

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