KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Effect of Climate on the Yield of 'Ilpum' Rice Cultivar in Gyeongbuk Province, South Korea over the Past 25 Years

경북 내륙 지역 과거 25년간 기후와 일품벼 수량 변화

  • Shin, Jong-Hee (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Han, Chae-Min (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kwon, Jung-Bae (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Su (Division of Crop Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Kuk (Bioresources Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • 신종희 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 한채민 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 권중배 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 김종수 (경상북도농업기술원 작물연구과) ;
  • 김상국 (경상북도농업기술원 생물자원연구소)
  • Received : 2020.08.18
  • Accepted : 2020.11.05
  • Published : 2020.12.01
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Abstract

'Ilpum', a Korean short-grain mid-late maturing rice cultivar, was developed in 1990, more than 30 years ago. Despite its age, it has been the most widely grown cultivar in the Gyeongbuk province of South Korea for more than 25 years, making it the most important rice cultivar for the people of the Gyeongbuk province. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the rice yield of "Ilpum', the main rice cultivar in the Gyeongbuk province, and climate elements in the Daegu (southern plain area) and the Andong (inland mountainous area) regions in Gyeongbuk, South Korea. The rice yield over the past five years increased by about 13% and 24%, compared to that produced in the late 1990s in Daegu and the early 2000s in the Andong region, respectively. The number of panicles per hill and the grain ripening rate significantly affected rice yield in the 'Ilpum' cultivars in the Daegu region. The faster heading was a factor in the increase in 'Ilpum' rice yield in the Andong region. The air temperature has been rising and sunshine duration has been increasing from the late 1990s to present in both regions. Rice yield was evaluated to understand the effect of climate factors. The rice yields increased owing to the long sunshine duration during the grain-filling stage in both regions. In Andong, increasing the maximum temperature during the vegetative stage increased rice yield. Rising air temperature during the reproductive stage also increased rice yield. In particular, long sunshine hours throughout the whole rice growing period increased the rice yield of this cultivar in the Andong region.

본 연구는 경상북도 지역 주요 벼 품종인 일품벼 수량에 영향을 미치는 수량구성요소와 기상요소를 파악하고자 하였다. 과거 25년간 대구, 안동 지역의 기상변화를 분석한 결과 벼 재배기간 중 평균기온은 대구지역은 +0.4℃/10년, 안동지역은 +0.6℃/10년의 상승폭을 보였다. 이는 생식생장기의 기온상승이 주요 원인으로 분석되었다. 강수량은 감소한 반면 누적 일조시수는 현저하게 증가하였는데 특히 안동지역의 일조시수 증가 폭이 컸다. 대구와 안동지역의 일품벼 쌀 수량성은 꾸준히 증가하여 대구의 경우 1990년 후반 5년 평균 수량보다 최근 5년 간 평균수량이 13%, 안동지역은 2000년 초반 수량의 24% 정도 현저한 수량 증가를 보였다. 일품벼 수량과 수량구성요소의 관계를 분석한 결과 대구지역 수량 증가는 포기당 이삭수와 등숙율의 증가가 주요 요인으로 작용하였으며, 안동의 경우는 정현비율의 증가와 빨라진 출수기가 수량증가의 요인으로 분석되었다. 벼 수량과 기후요소와의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 대구지역에서 재배된 일품벼의 쌀 수량은 등숙기의 일조시수와 높은 상관을 보였다. 안동지역은 영양생장기 최고기온과 생육전반 일조시수의 증가가 쌀수량에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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