DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation of Korean SME's Sequential Investment in Vietnam : Focusing on the mediating roles of international market orientation and investment performance

베트남 투자 중소기업의 기업가정신 지향성이 후속투자에 미치는 영향 : 국제시장 지향성과 투자성과의 매개효과를 중심으로

  • Hyun-Yong Park (Department of International Trade, Kyung-Hee University) ;
  • Sung-Tae Ma (Department of International Trade, Hannam University) ;
  • Jeong Hugh HAN (Asia Pacific School of Logistics, INHA University)
  • 박현용 (경희대학교 무역학과) ;
  • 마성태 (한남대학교 무역학과 ) ;
  • 한정휴 (인하대학교 아태물류학부 )
  • Received : 2020.10.05
  • Accepted : 2020.11.04
  • Published : 2020.12.31

Abstract

This paper analyzes the influence of entrepreneurial orientation, international market orientation, and investment performance of Korean SMEs in Vietnam on sequential investment. As a result of analyzing the research model using PLS SEM, it was found that Korean SMEs make sequential investments based on investment performance rather than entrepreneurial orientation or international market orientation. In addition, entrepreneurial orientation increased internationa market orientation and had a positive effect on investment performance, which was found to have a positive effect on sequential investment. Through this study, it was clarified that there is a difference between the determinants of initial investment and sequential investment, and it was confirmed that Korean companies show stable and strategic sequential investment tendency rather than proactive and bold investment in Vietnam. In addition, the mediating effect of international market orientation and investment performance in sequential investment was confirmed. In addition, it was confirmed that entrepreneurial orientation was a valid factor in the indirect effect of sequential investment. In the future, for high entrepreneurial orientation Korean companies entered the Vietnamese market, there will be a need for policy support to provide information on Global Value Chain in Vietnam and establish networks on the country.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant and Ministry of Education 2016(NRF-22016S1A2A3913925).

References

  1. Auld, H., D. Maclver and J. Klaassen (2004), "Heavy Rainfall and Waterborne Disease Outbreaks: The Walkerton Example", Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 67(20), 1879-1887. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390490493475
  2. Aschauer, D. A. (1989), "Is Public Expenditure Productive?" Journal of Urban Economics, 23, 177-200.
  3. Babihuag, R. (2006), "Empirical Evidence on Productivity of Government Services in Sub-saharan Africa", Public Economics: Empirical Public Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, UK, 95-108.
  4. Barkema, H. G., J. H. Bell and J. M. Pennings (1996), "Foreign Entry, Cultural Barriers, and Learning", Strategic Management Journal, 17(2), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199602)17:2<151::AID-SMJ799>3.0.CO;2-Z
  5. Buckley, P. J. (1985), "A Critical View of Theories of the Multinational Enterprise. In : The Economic Theory of the Multinational Enterprise", Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  6. Caves, R. E. (1971), "International Corporations: The Industrial Economics of Foreign Investment", Economica, 38, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.2307/2551748
  7. Caves, R. E. (1974), "Causes of Direct Investment: Foreign Firms' Shares in Canadian and United Kingdom Manufacturing Industries", The Review of Economics and Statistics, 56(3), 279-293. https://doi.org/10.2307/1923965
  8. Cevera, A., A. Molla and M. Sanchex (2001), "Antecedents and Consequence of Market Orientation in Public Organizations", European Journal of Marketing, 35(11/12), 1259-1286. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006476
  9. Chung, C., L. Chang and Y. Zhang (1995), "The Role of Foreign Direct Investment in China's Post-1978 Economic Development", World development, 23(4), 691-703.
  10. Chetty, S. and D. B. Holm (2000), "Internationalisation of Small to Medium-Sized Manufacturing Firms: a Network Approach", International Business Review, 9(1), 77-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-5931(99)00030-X
  11. Chang, S. J. (1995), "International Expantion Stretegy of Japanese Firms: Capability Building Through Sequential Entry", Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 383-407. https://doi.org/10.2307/256685
  12. Cadogan, J. W., C. C. Cui and E. K. Li (2003), "Export Market-Oriented Behavior and Export Performance", International marketing review.
  13. Cohen, W. M. and Levinthal (1990), "Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation", Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553
  14. Davidson, W. H. (1980), "The Location of Foreign Direct Investment Activity: Country Characteristics and Experience Effects", Journal of International Business Studies, 11(2), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490602
  15. Day, N. (2000), "The Resource-Based Approach to Multinational Enterprise", The Nature of the Transnational Firm, London, Routlege.
  16. Dunning, J. H. (1977), "Trade, Location of Economic Activity and the MNE: a Search for an Electic Approach", The International Allocation of Economic Activity, London: Macmilan, 359-431.
  17. Dunning, J. H. (1980), "Explaining Changing Patterns of International Production: in defense of the Ecletic theory", Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 41(4), 269-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1979.mp41004003.x
  18. Dunning, J. H. (1988), "The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: a Restatement and Some Possible Extensions", Journal of International Business Studies, 19(1), spring-31.
  19. Fahy, J. (2000), "The Resource-Based View of the Firm: Some Stumbling-Blocks on the Road to Understanding Sustainable Competitive Advantage", Journal of European Industrial Training, 24(2), 94-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090590010321061
  20. Gebauer, H., H. Worch and B. Truffer (2012), "Absorptive Capacity, Learning Processes and Combinative Capabilities as Determinants of Strategic Innovation", European Management Journal, 30(1), 57-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2011.10.004
  21. Han, Jeong-Hugh and Hyun-Yong, Park (2019), "Sustaining Small Exporters' Performance: Capturing Heterogeneous Effects of Government Export Assistance Programs on Global Value Chain Informedness", Sustainability, 11(8), 1-20.
  22. Horst, T. (1972), "Firm and Industry Determinants of the Decision to Invest Abroad: An Empirical Study", The Review of Economics and Statistics, 54(3), 258-266. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937986
  23. Johanson, J. and J. E. Vahlen (1977), "The Internationalization Process of the Frim- A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreigh Market Commitment", Journal of International Business Studies, 8(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490676
  24. Johnsen, A. (2015), "Strategic Management Thinking and Practice in the Public Sector: A Strategic Planning for All Seasons?", Financial Accountability and Management, 31(3), 243-268. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12056
  25. Johnson, T. (1970), "Returns from Investment in Human Capital", The American Economic Review, 60(4), 546-560.
  26. Jones, M. V. and N. E. Coviello (2005), "Internationalisation: Conceptualising an Entrepreneurial Process of Behaviour in Time", Journal of International Business Studies, 36, 284-303. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400138
  27. Joo, Kyu-Hee and Seon-Sik Kim (2011), "An Exploratory Study on the Determinants of Korean Firms' Sequential FDI", International Business Review, 15(4), 113-140. https://doi.org/10.21739/IBR.2011.12.15.4.113
  28. Kang, Ji-Won, Ga-Rok Han and Jea-Eun Lee (2018), "The Influence of the Strategic Orientation of SMEs in Gwangju and Jeonnam on the Level of Internationalization", Commerce Information Research, 20(4), 161-186.
  29. Kang, Tae-Koo (2002), "An Empirical Study on the Determinants of Sequential Foreign Direct Investment by Korean Electronic Firms", International Business Journal , 13(2), 1-28.
  30. Kang, Tae-Koo and Sung-Uk Choi (2012), "An Empirical Study on the Determinants of the FDI Performance of Korean Manufacturers between First Foreign Investment and Sequential Foreign Investment", International Business Review, 16(3), 1-24.
  31. Khai, Le Ngoc and Young-Jin Ro (2020), "The Analysis of the Effect of FDI to Export-from the case of Vietnam", Korea Trade Review, 45(4), 95-105.
  32. Kim, Byoung-Gu and Kae-Jin, Kim (2013), "The Determinants of Korean Subsidiaries' Performance in China : Localization and intra-firm trade between HQ and Subsidiary ", Korea Trade Review, 38(4), 229-253.
  33. Kim, Ik-Soo, Byung-Seob, Han (2000), "A Study of Attitude Changes of Korean Firms Re-Investing in China : Focusing on Dynamic Changes in Location Selection Decisions", Korean Management Review, 29(2), 243-262.
  34. Kim, Se-Hun, Kyung-Mi, Kim and Hyun-Jun, Park (2018), "An Analysis of Korean SMEs Investment in Vietnam - Case of T Footwear Company, International Business Review, 22(4), 257-85. https://doi.org/10.21739/IBR.2018.12.22.4.257
  35. Knight, G. A. (1999), "International Services Marketing: Review of Research, 1980-1998", Journal of Services Marketing, 13(4), 347-360. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876049910282619
  36. Knight, G. A. and S. T. Cavusgil (2004), "Innovation, Organizational Capabilities, and the Born-Global Firm", Journal of International Business Studies, 35, 124-141. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400071
  37. Kogut, B. and U. Zander (1993), "Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation", Journal of International Business Studies, 24(4), 625-645. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490248
  38. Kogut, B. and N. Kulatilaka (1994), "Operating Flexibility, Global Manufacturing, and the Option Value of a Multinational Network", Management Science, 40(1), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.40.1.123
  39. Kohli, A. L. and B. J. Jaworski (1990), "Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Propositions and Managerial Implications", Journal of Marketing, 54. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299005400201
  40. Kwon, Yung-Chul (2010), "Dynamic Capabilities of Multinational Subsidiaries: Determinants and Performance ", Korean Management Review, 39(5), 1151-1175.
  41. Lee, hyung-Taek and Myung-Su Chae (2007), "The Relationship between Entrepreneurship, IT Competency, Market Orientation, and Performance -Empirical Study Focused on Foreign Investment Firms", Journal of International Trade and Industry Studies, 12(3), 205-229.
  42. Lee, Ye-Rim (2019), "The Effects of International Entrepreneurial Orientation, IT Capability, and e-Business Entrepreneurial Perceptions on the Export Performance of Korean SMEs", Korea Trade Review, 44(4), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.22659/KTRA.2019.44.4.101
  43. Lim, Sung-Hoon (2019), "An Empirical Analysis on MNC's Investment Performances in a Host Country through Market Orientation Mediation Effects", Korea Trade Review, 44(2), 221-237. https://doi.org/10.22659/KTRA.2019.44.2.221
  44. Lumpkin, G. T. and G. G. Dess (1996), "Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it to Performance", Academy of Managenet Review, 21(1), 135-172. https://doi.org/10.2307/258632
  45. Lush, R. F. and G. R. Lanczniak (1987), "The Evolving Marketing Concept, Competitive Intensityh and Organizational Performance", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3). 1-11.
  46. Lu, Y., L. Zhou, G. Gruton and W. Li (2009), "Capabilities as a Mediator Linking Resources and the International Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms in an Emerging Economy", Journal of International Business Studies, 41, 419-436.
  47. Lumpkin, G. T. and G. G. Dess (1996), "Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It To Performance", Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172. https://doi.org/10.2307/258632
  48. Luo, Y., Q. Xue and B. Han (2010), "How Emerging Market Governments Promote Outward FDI: Experience from China", Journal of world business, 45(1), 68-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2009.04.003
  49. Meyer, K. E. and H. V. Nguyen (2005), "Foreign Investment Strategies and Sub-national Institutions in Emerging Markets: Evidence from Vietnam", Journal of Management Studies, 42, 63-93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2005.00489.x
  50. Mintzberg, H., B. Ahlstrand and J. Lampel (2009), "Strategy Safari: Your Complete Guide Through the Wilds of Strategic Management", (2nd ed.). New York: The Free Press.
  51. Moon, Hwy-Chang (2002), "A New Theory Explaining Motivation for Foreign Direct Investment, Global Adjustment and Entry Type-An Unbalanced Approach for Empirical Analysis of Korean Companies", International Area Studies, 11(4), 1-20.
  52. McDougall, P. P. and B. M. Oviatt (1996), "New Venture Internationalization Strategic Change, and Performance: A Follow-upStudy", Journal of Business Venturing, 11(1), 23-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(95)00081-X
  53. McDougall, P. P. and B. M. Oviatt (2000), "International Entrepreneurship: The Intersection of Two Research Paths", Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 902-906. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556418
  54. Morris, Mi. H. and G. W. Paul (1987), "The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship and Marketing in Established Firms", Journal of Business Venturing, 2(3), 247-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(87)90012-7
  55. Murray, J. Y., G. Y. Gao and M. Kotabe (2011), "Market Orientation and Performance of Export Ventures: the Process Through Marketing Capabilities and Competitive Advantages", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(2), 252-269.
  56. Naver, J. C. and S. F. Slater (1990), "The Effect of a Market Orientation on Business Profitability", Journal of Marketing, 20-36.
  57. Nguyen, Thi Viet Nga, Seon-Sik Kim and Kyu-Hee Joo (2013), "A Study on the Determinants of Sequential FDI Decision in Vietnam by Korean Firms", International Business Review, 17(1), 115-134.
  58. Park, Hyung-Chae (2015), "Determinants of Sequential FDI by Korean Firems in India: The Mediating Effect of 'Establishment of a Learning Orgamization", Journal of International Trade and Commerce, 11(1), 107-119. https://doi.org/10.16980/JITC.11.1.201502.107
  59. Park, Jong-Cheol (2010), "A Study on the Determinants of Sequential Investment of Korean Small and Medium Manufacturing companies", Chonbuk National University Graduate School.
  60. Porter, M. (1990), "The Competitive Advantage of Nations", Harvard Business Review, 68(2), 73-93.
  61. Ripolles, M., A. Blesa and D. Monferrer (2012), "Factors Enhancing the Choice of Higher Resource Commitment Entry Modes in International New Ventures", International Business Review, 21(4), 648-666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.007
  62. Rugman, A. M. and A. Verbeke (2001), "Subsidiary-Specific Advantages in Multinational Enterprises", Strategic Management Journal, 22, 237-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.153
  63. Tyebjee, T. (1990), "The Internationallization of High Tech Ventures", Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Bobson College, MA, USA.
  64. Vernon, R. (1966), "International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80, 190-207. https://doi.org/10.2307/1880689
  65. Vernon, R. (1974), "The Location of Economic Activity", Economic Analysis and the Multinational Enterprise, London:
  66. Waler, A., M. Auer and T. Ritter (2006), "The Impact of Network Capabilities and Entrepreneurial Orientation on University Spin-Off Performance", Journal of Business Venturing, 21(4), 541-567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2005.02.005
  67. Wernerfelt, B. (1995), "Resource-Based Strategy in a Stochastic Model", Resource-Based and Evolutionary Theories of the Firm: Towards a Synthesis. Springer, Boston, MA, 133-145.
  68. Zahra S. A. and D. M. Garvis (2000), "International Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance: The Moderating Effect of International Environmental Hostility", Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5,6), 469-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00036-1