보존과학회지 (Journal of Conservation Science)

  • 제36권6호
  • /
  • Pages.549-561
  • /
  • 2020
  • /
  • 1225-5459(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-9781(eISSN)
한국문화재보존과학회 (The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

전통 단청안료 표면의 물리적 특성 변화 모니터링

Monitoring the Change of Physical Properties of Traditional Dancheong Pigments

  • 김지선 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 정혜영 (국립문화재연구소 문화재보존과학센터) ;
  • 변두진 (한국화학연구원 신뢰성평가센터) ;
  • 유민재 (한국화학연구원 신뢰성평가센터) ;
  • 김명남 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 이선명 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실)
  • Kim, Ji Sun (Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Jeong, Hye Young (Cultural Heritage Conservation Science Center, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Byun, Doo-Jin (Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Yoo, Min Jae (Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Kim, Myoung Nam (Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Sun Myung (Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
  • 투고 : 2020.11.06
  • 심사 : 2020.12.02
  • 발행 : 2020.12.29
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

석간주, 진사, 황토, 자황, 웅황, 석록, 뇌록, 석청 및 백토 등 천연 무기안료 9종의 성능과 수명을 평가하고자 실내 촉진내후성과 옥외폭로 시험을 수행하였다. 실내 촉진내후성 시험법은 국내 기후 특성 및 단청의 위치 환경을 반영하여 설계하였고 필드 재현성을 확인하기 위해 서울 숭례문과 대전 연구소 등 2개소에서 옥외폭로 시험을 병행하였다. 또한 누적 자외선량을 기준으로 안료 표면의 물리적 특성 변화를 모니터링하였다. 이 결과, 석간주와 백토는 초기에 미세균열이 발생하지만 안정화된 반면 진사와 석록은 균열이 지속적으로 확대되었다. 황토와 뇌록은 수분 및 송진에 의한 얼룩이 두드러졌고 자황, 웅황 및 석청은 입자의 광택 저하가 나타났다. 각 시험별 안료의 색 변화는 절대적인 수치 차이가 있을 뿐 색도 변화 양상은 유사하였다. 백토와 뇌록의 색차(𝚫E) 값이 5 이하로 가장 작고 진사는 28 이상으로 컸다. 안료 표면의 물리적 변화는 실내 촉진내후성 시험보다는 옥외폭로 시험이, 옥외폭로 시험에서는 대전 연구소보다 서울 숭례문에서 가중되었다. 이는 옥외폭로 시험이 큰 폭의 온·습도 변화, 분진 침적에 따른 오염 등 다양한 환경에 노출되고, 특히 서울 숭례문은 총 누적 자외선량(334 MJ/m2)에 도달하는 데까지 오랜 시간이 소요되어 노출 기간이 장기화되었기 때문이다.

This study aimed to assess the performance and life of nine natural mineral dancheong pigments: Seokganju, Jinsa, Hwangto, Jahwang, Wunghwang, Seokrok, Noerok, Seokcheong, and Baekto. The design of the accelerated weathering test considered the domestic climate characteristics and the location of Dancheong. Outdoor weathering tests were conducted at the Research Institute in Daejeon and the Sungnyemun Gate in Seoul to confirm the field reproducibility of the accelerated weathering test. Monitoring of the physical changes in pigments through accelerated and outdoor weathering tests are based on ultraviolet exposure dose. Despite small cracks at the beginning of the tests, the monitoring showed that Seokganju and Baekto had no marked physical changes, but the surface cracks of Jinsa and Seorok continue to expand. Hwangto and Noerok were marked with water or were resin stained, and the particles of Jahwang, Wunghwang, and Seokcheong had lost their luster. Despite the absolute difference in color change in each test, the final chromaticity change patterns of pigments were similar in that the color difference between Baekto and Noerok was below five, and Jina was above 28. The physical and surface color pigment changes were more concentrated in outdoor weathering tests than in accelerated tests, and the Seoul site was more intense than the Daejeon site. This is because outdoor weathering tests are exposed to severe variations of temperature and moisture or deposition of dust particles and, in the case of Seoul, the site is more exposed to the external environment than the Daejeon site.

키워드

과제정보

본 연구는 문화재청 국립문화재연구소 문화유산 조사 연구(R&D)사업의 일환으로 이루어졌다.

참고문헌

  1. Cho, N.C., Moon, W.S., Hong, J.O. and Hwang, J.J., 2001, The composition analysis of Danchung pigments at Geunjeongjeon Hall in Gyeongbokgung palace. Conservation Studies, 22, 93-114. (in Korean with English abstract)
  2. Eom, H.S. and Byun, D.J., 2015, Verification of field reproducibility of new indoor promoting and weathering test methods. Journal of the 2015 Spring Conference of the Korean Reliability Society, Gumi-si, May 28, 113. (in Korean abstract)
  3. Han, M.S., Kim, J.H. and Lee, J.J., 2014, A scientific analysis of dancheong pigments at yaksajeon hall in Gwallyoungsa temple. MUNHWAJAE Korean Journal of Cultural heritage Studies, 47(1), 18-31. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.22755/KJCHS.2014.47.1.18
  4. Hong, J.O. and Lee, J.J., 2013, Analysis of dancheong pigments at the nahanjeon songkwangsa temple. Wanju. Conservation Studies, 34, 102-108. (in Korean with English abstract)
  5. Jang, S.W., Park, Y.S., Park, D.W. and Kim, J.K., 2010, A study on dancheong pigments of old wooden building in gwangju and jeonnam, Korea. Economic and Environmental Geology, 43(3), 269-278. (in Korean with English abstract)
  6. Jeong, Y.S., Kim, M.J., Jeon, S.H., Ahn, J.H. and Kim, I.T., 2019, Suggestion of deterioration curve for new-type coating on atmospheric environment by acceleration corrosion test. Journal of the Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection, 23(2), 75-83. (in English abstract)
  7. Kang, I.M., Sim, K.J., Lee, J.S., Park, T.G., Cho, C.Y. and Oh, S.H., 2009, Weathering durability test technology of the automotive parts. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, 2009(10), 39-45. (in Korean with English abstract)
  8. Kang, Y.S., Jeong, H.Y. and Go, I.H., 2016, The effect of glue solution on manufacturing of white clay pigment. Journal of Conservation Science, 32(3), 417-423. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2016.32.3.12
  9. Kang, Y.S., Mun, S.W. and Jeong, H.Y., 2017, The characteristics of the white clay pigment manufactured from the white clay of producing area recorded in old documents. Journal of Conservation Science, 33(6), 496-506. (in Korean with English abstract)
  10. Kang, Y.S. and Jeong, H.Y., 2019, A Study on the Yeonpyobeob for the explanation of the manufacturing method of traditional pigments. Journal of Conservation Science, 35(6), 664-669. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2019.35.6.09
  11. Kang, Y.S., Mun, S.W., Lee, S.M. and Jeong, H.Y., 2020, A study on the characteristics of verdigris manufactured by acid corrosion method. Journal of Conservation Science, 36(3), 178-186. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2020.36.3.03
  12. Kim, S.K., Lee, K.M. and Kim, M.J., 2011, Comparisons of durability in pigments for sungreymun dancheong conservation. The Journal of Korean Traditional Cultural Heritage, 9, 142-155. (in Korean with English abstract)
  13. Kim, K.K. and Kim, Y.S., 2018, Surface appearance of galvanized steel with outdoor exposure testing in Korea for 36 months. Corrosion Science and Technology, 17(6), 301-309. (in Korean with English abstract)
  14. Kim, Y.K. and Han, K.S., 2019, A study of weather resistance on dancheong ground treatment of tranditional wooden building in Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 35(5), 480-493. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2019.35.5.09
  15. Lee, H.H., 2015, Research trend of the analysis and restoration study on traditional pigments. Korean Journal of Cultural Heritage Studies, 48(1), 132-147. (in Korean with English abstract)
  16. Lee, K.M., Kim, S.K., Bae, S.B. and Kim, M.J., 2015, Experimental study on light and gas pollution resistance of commercial natural pigments for dancheong - focusing on Korea, Japan and China products. Journal of Conservation Science, 31(4), 443-455. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2015.31.4.11
  17. Park, J.H., Jeong, H.Y., Go, I.H., Jeong, S.L. and Jo, A.H., 2015a, A study on the physical properties of natural mineral pigments used in restoration and conservation of cultural asset - focusing on seokcheong. Conservation Studies, 36, 11-32. (in Korean with English abstract)
  18. Park, J.H., Jeong, H.Y., Go, I.H., Jeong, S.L. and Jo, A.H., 2015b, A study on the physical properties of Seokrok and Noerok used as green pigment. Journal of Conservation Science, 31(4), 429-441. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2015.31.4.10
  19. Park, J.H., Jeong, H.Y., Mun, S.W. and Woo, I.S., 2017, Effect of physiochemical properties of Seokganju on functionality and light fastness. Journal of Conservation Science, 33(6), 485-495. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2017.33.6.07
  20. Park, J.H. and Jeong, H.Y., 2019, A Study on mineralogical characteristic and accelerated weather test of red and yellow color natural inorganic pigments. Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 32(4), 259-271. (in Korean with English abstract)
  21. Sohn, H.S., 2019, A study on the concept and terms of dancheong(traditional multicolored paintwork on wooden buildings) based on the literature records. Journal of Buddhist Art, 28, 445-473. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.36620/BMS.2019.28.18
  22. Youn, H.J., Jung, W.W., Byun, D.J. and Choi, G.D., 2007, A study for degradation mechanism of plastic materials. Journal of Applied Reliability, 7(4), 173-181. (in English abstract)