Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Toxic effects of new anti-fouling agents (diuron and irgarol) on the embryogenesis and developmental delay of sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus

신규방오도료물질(Diuron, Irgarol)이 말똥성게(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)의 배아발생과 지연에 미치는 독성영향

  • Choi, Hoon (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS)) ;
  • Park, Yun-Ho (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS)) ;
  • Lee, Ju-Wook (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS)) ;
  • Kwon, Ki-Young (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS)) ;
  • Hwang, Un-Ki (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS))
  • 최훈 (국립수산과학원 서해수산연구소 해양생태위해평가센터) ;
  • 박윤호 (국립수산과학원 서해수산연구소 해양생태위해평가센터) ;
  • 이주욱 (국립수산과학원 서해수산연구소 해양생태위해평가센터) ;
  • 권기영 (국립수산과학원 서해수산연구소 해양생태위해평가센터) ;
  • 황운기 (국립수산과학원 서해수산연구소 해양생태위해평가센터)
  • Received : 2020.10.13
  • Accepted : 2020.10.21
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to define the toxic effects of diuron and irgarol, which are new-antifouling agents, on the fertilization rate and normal embryogenesis rate in the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. In addition, the study was intended to confirm the hindrance of development in sea urchins. The fertilization rate of H. pulcherrimus was not decreased by the tested concentrations. However, the normal embryogenesis rate was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of normal embryogenesis rate were 7.12 mg L-1 and 2.31 mg L-1, respectively. As the embryos developed into pluteus larvae, after 18 h of exposure to diuron and irgarol at EC50, development of the early gastrula stage was delayed, and significant developmental delays were observed after 24 h. After this, continuous developmental delays were observed in the process leading to the early gastrular, gastrular, early pluteus, and pluteus stages. Therefore, the toxic effects of diuron and irgarol on sea urchins were attributed to the delay in the developmental processes in the early life stages. Diuron and irgarol are highly persistent in the environment and have known-well toxic effects on various marine organisms including invertebrates, as shown in this study. Therefore, it is urgent to establish an environmental protection strategy to prevent the pollution of and preserve the marine environment.

본 연구에서는 신방오도료 Diuron과 Irgarol이 해양 무척추동물인 말똥성게(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)에게 미치는 독성영향을 10min-수정률과 64 h-정상 유생발생률의 EC50, NOEC, LOEC 값을 통하여 확인하였으며, 해당 오염물질이 H. pulcherrimus의 초기발생단계에 미치는 지연효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 실험결과, Diuron과 Irgarol은 시험농도(40mg L-1)에서 H. pulcherrimus의 수정률에 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 정상 유생발생률에 대한 EC50값은 각각 7.12mg L-1, 2.31mg L-1로 나타났다. 또한, 수정란이 pluteus 유생으로 발달하는 과정에서 반수영향농도의 Diuron과 Irgarol의 노출 경과시간이 18 h에 도달하면, early gastrular stage로의 발달이 지연되기 시작하여, 24 h에서부터 유의미한 발달지연이 확인되었다. 이후 지속적인 발달지연이 관찰되어, Early gastrular-gastrular-early pluteus-pluteus로 이어지는 과정에서 발달지연이 나타났다. Diuron과 Irgarol은 잔류성이 높으며, 본 연구결과와 같이 무척추동물을 포함한 다양한 해양생물 군에 독성영향이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에, 해양 환경의 오염을 방지하고 보전하기 위하여, 관련된 규정의 마련을 통하여 환경보호 전략이 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 2020년도 국립수산과학원 경상과제(R2020027) 연구비 지원으로 수행하였습니다.

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