Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
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Parental Factors Associated with Smartphone Overuse in Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

유아의 스마트폰 과다사용과 관련한 부모요인 규명: 체계적 고찰 및 메타분석

  • Lee, Gumhee (College of Nursing, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Sungjae (College of Nursing.The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yu, Heajin (College of Nursing, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2019.09.04
  • Accepted : 2020.05.04
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to identify parental factors associated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 2009 to June 2019 were identified through systematic search in 10 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, Web of Science, NDSL, KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, and RISS). Standardized effect sizes were calculated to quantify the associations of parental factors with smartphone overuse in preschoolers using meta-analysis. Results: A total of 30 cross-sectional studies involving 7,943 participants met the inclusion criteria. The following were negatively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers: mother's parenting self-efficacy (r=-.35), mother-child attachment (r=-.28), mother's positive parenting behavior (r=-.28), mother's positive parenting attitude (r=-.25), and father's parenting involvement (r=-.15). Further, maternal factors such as smartphone addiction tendency (r=.41), parenting stress (r=.40), negative parenting behavior (r=.35), negative parenting attitude (r=.14), smartphone usage time (r=.26), employment status (r=.18), and age (r=.12) were positively correlated with smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Conclusion: Several parental factors influence smartphone overuse in preschoolers. These findings emphasize the need to assess and enhance the parental factors identified in this study to prevent smartphone overuse in preschoolers. Accordingly, we recommend the development of preventive interventions to strengthen parent-related protective factors and mitigate risk factors.

Keywords

References

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