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A Study on the External Wall Heating Temperature Distribution According to Opening Size in Building

건물의 개구부 크기에 따른 외벽 수열온도분포에 관한 연구

  • Jung, Ui-In (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kongju National University) ;
  • Hong, Sang-Hun (Graduate School, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Bong-Joo (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kongju National University)
  • Received : 2019.12.12
  • Accepted : 2020.06.01
  • Published : 2020.06.20

Abstract

This study used a real-scale model experiment to reproduce internal fires in residential buildings such as a multi-dwelling unit, in order to prevent damage caused by tens of thousands of fires witnessed each year and to take measures to cope with them. For experimental conditions, different opening sizes were applied to measure and analyze the heating temperature of the exterior wall. Results drawn are as following: when the experiment was conducted with opening sizes(horizontal length) each at 2,000mm, 1,600mm, and 1,400mm, the flashover occurred at 630 seconds, 505 seconds and 510 seconds, respectively. Also, the total heating time, in proportion to this, came to 815 seconds, 713 seconds and 721 seconds. The maximum heating temperature of the exterior wall by the opening size reached 282.4℃ at 2,000mm, 382.9℃ at 1,600mm, and 423.8℃ at 1,400mm. This represented that as the opening size gets smaller, the heating temperature of the exterior wall by fire spread becomes higher.

본 연구는 공동주택의 화재 및 화재확산에 의한 피해의 예방과 대응마련을 위해 실내화재 조건에 대한 정확한 데이터 확보를 목적으로 실물화재실험을 재현하였다. 실험조건으로 개구부 크기를 다르게 하여 외벽 수열온도를 측정 및 분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 개구부 크기를 2,000mm, 1,600mm, 1,400mm로 실험하였을 때, 플래시오버는 각각 630초, 505초, 510초에서 일어났으며, 총 가열시간은 개구부 크기에 따라 815초, 713초, 721초로 나타났다. 개구부 크기에 의한 외벽 최고 수열온도는 2,000mm에서 282.4℃, 1,600mm에서 382.9℃, 1,400mm에서 423.8℃로 나타나 개구부의 크기가 작아질수록 화재확산에 의한 외벽의 수열온도는 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

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