DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Understanding ICT Platform Business by Ecosystem Research Review

생태계 연구 리뷰를 통한 정보기술 플랫폼 비즈니스의 이해

  • Hyunjeong Kang (College of Business Administration, Hongik University)
  • Received : 2020.01.23
  • Accepted : 2020.02.12
  • Published : 2020.02.29

Abstract

The development of IT increases the importance of understanding of IT-driven ecosystems. Platform business is the representative business model in the era of innovative IT-based businesses. However, it lacks the review research that entails ecosystem perspectives from traditional disciplines in which the perspective of ecosystem had been applied. Further most of platform research have focused on the comparison between ecosystems as a whole rather than exploration on complementors in the ecosystem who are selected and survive and, in turn, contributed to maintain the ecosystem to compete with other ecosystems. The current study listed highly cited papers from economics, sociological ecology, socio-technical ecology, organization studies, and marketing research which have cumulated research on ecosystems. And the three most critical features that determine the success of complementors, which are competition, relationality, and adaptability. Present study showed how the features were explained by each perspective from the different disciplines.

정보기술의 발달로 플랫폼 비즈니스가 활성화되면서 기술기반 비즈니스 생태계가 시장에서 차지하는 역할과 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 정보기술이 기반이 되어 사회적으로 영향을 미치는 비즈니스 플랫폼 형태를 생태계 관점의 기존 연구에서 포괄적으로 분석한 연구는 부족하다. 또한 기존의 플랫폼 비즈니스 연구는 각 플랫폼 간 비교를 통해 플랫폼 자체의 생존, 성장, 진화에 대한 거시적 연구가 대부분이다. 그러나 각 플랫폼 내에서 개체들의 생존과 성공에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 연구는 드물다. 본 연구는 경제학, 사회학, 사회기술생태학, 조직학, 마케팅 등 생태계 관점을 적용하여 현상을 설명하고자 하는 연구분야에서 생태계 연구로서 가장 많이 인용되고 있는 연구들 중 생태계 내 구성원 간 상호작용, 생존, 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 중심으로 분석한 논문들을 추출하여 분석하였다. 이들을 리뷰한 결과 구성원의 생태계 내 생존을 결정하는 상호작용의 특징은 경쟁력, 관계성, 적응성으로 도출하고 있음을 분석해 내고 이 세 가지 특성을 각 분야에서 어떠한 관점으로 설명하고 있는지 리뷰하였다. 본 연구는 후속연구가 생태계 관점에 깊이 뿌리를 두고 새로운 플랫폼 비즈니스를 이해할 수 있도록 기반연구로서 자리잡을 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 홍익대학교의 연구지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다.

References

  1. Adger, W. N., "Social and ecological resilience: Are they related?", Progress in Human Geography, Vol.24, No.3, 2000, pp. 347-364. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913200701540465
  2. Aldrich, H., Organizations and Environments, Stanford University Press, 2008. 
  3. Amburgey, T. L. and H. Rao, "Organizational ecology: Past, present, and future directions", Academy of Management Journal, Vol.39, No.5, 1996, pp. 1265-1286.  https://doi.org/10.2307/256999
  4. Armstrong, M., "Competition in two-sided markets", The RAND Journal of Economics, Vol.37, No.3, 2006, pp. 668-691.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00037.x
  5. Asanuma, B., "Manufacturer-supplier relationships in Japan and the concept of relation-specific skill", Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Vol.3, No.1, 1989, pp. 1-30.  https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1583(89)90029-4
  6. Barad, K., Meeting the Universe Halfway: Quantum Physics and the Entanglement of Matter and Meaning, Duke University Press, 2007. 
  7. Basole, R. C. and W. B. Rouse, "Complexity of service value networks: Conceptualization and empirical investigation", Ibm Systems Journal, Vol.47, No.1, 2008, pp. 53-70.  https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.471.0053
  8. Basole, R. C., "Visualization of interfirm relations in a converging mobile ecosystem", Journal of Information Technology, Vol.24, No.2, 2009, pp. 144-159.  https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2008.34
  9. Baum, J. A. and J. V. Singh, Evolutionary Dynamics of Organizations, Oxford University Press, 1994. 
  10. Baum, J. A., "Organizational ecology", Studying Organization: Theory and Method, 1999, pp. 71-108. 
  11. Berkes, F., J. Colding, and C. Folke, "Rediscovery of traditional ecological knowledge as adaptive management", Ecological Applications, Vol.10, No.5, 2000, pp. 1251-1262.  https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1251:ROTEKA]2.0.CO;2
  12. Bradbury, H. and B. M. B. Lichtenstein, "Relationality in organizational research: Exploring the space between", Organization Science, Vol.11, No.5, 2000, pp. 551-564.  https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.11.5.551.15203
  13. Ceccagnoli, M., C. Forman, P. Huang, and D. Wu, "Cocreation of value in a platform ecosystem! The case of enterprise software", MIS Quarterly, Vol.36, No.1, 2012, pp. 263-290.  https://doi.org/10.2307/41410417
  14. Cecez-Kecmanovic, D., K. Kautz, and R. Abrahall, "Reframing success and failure of information systems: A performative perspective", MIS Quarterly, Vol.38, No.2, 2014, pp. 561-588.  https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2014/38.2.11
  15. Cropanzano, R. and M. S. Mitchell, "Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review", Journal of Management, Vol.31, No.6, 2005, pp. 874-900.  https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
  16. Cusumano, M. A. and A. Gawer, "The elements of platform leadership", MIT Sloan Management Review, Vol.43, No.3, 2002, pp. 51-58. 
  17. Darwin, C., The Origin of Species and the Descent of Man, Modern Library, 1859. 
  18. Davis, G. F., Evolutionary Dynamics of Organizations, In: JSTOR, 1996. 
  19. Depew, D., B. H. Weber, and P. E. Griffiths, "Darwinism evolving: Systems dynamics and the genealogy of natural selection", Nature, Vol.373, No.6511, 1995, pp. 208-208.  https://doi.org/10.1038/373208a0
  20. Dobzhansky, T. A., F. G. L. Stebbins, and J. W. Valentine, Evolution, San Francisco: W. H. H. Free-man and Co, 1977. 
  21. Dyer, J. H. and H. Singh, "The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage", Academy of Management Review, Vol.23, No.4, 1998, pp. 660-679.  https://doi.org/10.2307/259056
  22. Economides, N. and E. Katsamakas, "Two-sided competition of proprietary vs. open source technology platforms and the implications for the software industry", Management Science, Vol.52, No.7, 2006, pp. 1057-1071.  https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1060.0549
  23. Eisenhardt, K. M. and C. B. Schoonhoven, "Resource-based view of strategic alliance formation: Strategic and social effects in entrepreneurial firms", Organization Science, Vol.7, No.2, 1996, pp. 136-150.  https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.2.136
  24. Eisenmann, T. R., "Managing proprietary and shared platforms", California Management Review, Vol.50, No.4, 2008, pp. 31-53.  https://doi.org/10.2307/41166455
  25. Emerson, R. M., "Social exchange theory", Annual Review of Sociology, Vol.2, No.1, 1976, pp. 335-362.  https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.02.080176.002003
  26. Folke, C., S. Carpenter, B. Walker, M. Scheffer, T. Chapin, and J. Rockstrom, "Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability", Ecology and Society, Vol.15, No.4. 2010. 
  27. Friedman, M., Essays in Positive Economics, University of Chicago Press, 1953. 
  28. Gawer, A. and R. Henderson, "Platform owner entry and innovation in complementary markets: Evidence from Intel", Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Vol.16, No.1, 2007, pp. 1-34.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2007.00130.x
  29. Gimeno, J., T. B. Folta, A. C. Cooper, and C. Y. Woo, "Survival of the fittest? Entrepreneurial human capital and the persistence of underperforming firms", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.42, No.2, 1997, pp. 750-783.  https://doi.org/10.2307/2393656
  30. Granovetter, M., "Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness", American Journal of Sociology, Vol.91, No.3, 1985, pp. 481-510.  https://doi.org/10.1086/228311
  31. Gulati, R., N. Nohria, and A. Zaheer, "Strategic networks", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.21, No.3, 2000, pp. 203-215.  https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:3<203::AID-SMJ102>3.0.CO;2-K
  32. Hagiu, A., "Merchant or two-sided platform?", Review of Network Economics, Vol.6, No.2, 2007. 
  33. Hallen, L., J. Johanson, and N. Seyed-Mohamed, "Interfirm adaptation in business relationships", The Journal of Marketing, Vol.55, No.2, 1991, pp. 29-37.  https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299105500204
  34. Hannan, M. T. and J. Freeman, "The population ecology of organizations", American Journal of Sociology, Vol.82, No.5, 1977, pp. 929-964.  https://doi.org/10.1086/226424
  35. Hawley, A. H., Human Ecology: A Theory of Community Structure, New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1950. 
  36. Hofstadter, R., Social darwinism in American thought (Vol. 16): Beacon Press, 1944. 
  37. Iansiti, M. and R. Levien, The Keystone Advantage: What the New Dynamics of Business Ecosystems Mean for Strategy, Innovation, and Sustainability, Harvard Business Press, 2004. 
  38. Imperial, M. T., "Institutional analysis and ecosystem-based management: The institutional analysis and development framework", Environmental Management, Vol.24, No.4, 1999, pp. 449-465.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s002679900246
  39. Janssen, M. A., O. Bodin, J. M. Anderies, T. Elmqvist, H. Ernstson, R. R. McAllister, and P. Ryan, "Toward a network perspective of the study of resilience in social-ecological systems", Ecology and Society, Vol.11, No.1, 2006. 
  40. Jones, M., "A matter of life and death", MIS Quarterly, Vol.38, No.3, 2014, pp. 895-A896. 
  41. Katz, M. L. and C. Shapiro, "Network externalities, competition, and compatibility", The American Economic Review, Vol.75, No.3, 1985, pp. 424-440. 
  42. Law, J., After Method: Mess in Social Science Research, Routledge, 2004. 
  43. Leonardi, P. M., "Materiality, sociomateriality, and socio-technical systems: What do these terms mean? How are they different? Do we need them", Materiality and Organizing: Social Interaction in a Technological World, 2012, p. 25. 
  44. Levine, S. and P. E. White, "Exchange as a conceptual framework for the study of interorganizational relationships", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.5, No.4, 1961, pp. 583-601. https://doi.org/10.2307/2390622
  45. Levinthal, D. A. and J. G. March, "The myopia of learning", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.14, No.S2, 1993, pp. 95-112.  https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250141009
  46. Levinthal, D. A., "Adaptation on rugged landscapes", Management Science, Vol.43, No.7, 1997, pp. 934-950.  https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.43.7.934
  47. Levinthal, D. A., "Organizational adaptation and environmental selection-interrelated processes of change", Organization Science, Vol.2, No.1, 1991, pp. 140-145.  https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.140
  48. Lewin, A. Y., C. P. Long, and T. N. Carroll, "The coevolution of new organizational forms", Organization Science, Vol.10, No.5, 1999, pp. 535-550.  https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.10.5.535
  49. Lewontin, R. C., "Sociobiology as an adaptationist program", Behavioral Science, Vol.24, No.1, 1979, pp. 5-14.  https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830240103
  50. March, J. G., "Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning", Organization Science, Vol.2, No.1, 1991, pp. 71-87.  https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
  51. McKelvey, B., "Perspective-quasi-natural organization science", Organization Science, Vol.8, No.4, 1997, pp. 351-380.  https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.8.4.351
  52. Merton, R. K., "The role-set: Problems in sociological theory", The British Journal of Sociology, Vol.8, No.2, 1957, pp. 106-120.  https://doi.org/10.2307/587363
  53. Monteiro, E., "Actor-network theory and information infrastructure", From Control to Drift: The Dynamics of Corporate Information Infrastructures, Vol.71, 2000, p. 83. 
  54. Nambisan, S., "Information technology and product/service innovation: A brief assessment and some suggestions for future research", Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Vol.14, No.4, 2013. 
  55. Nelson, R. R. and G. Sidney, Winter. 1982. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, In: Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005. 
  56. Newcomb, T. M., R. H. Turner, and P. E. Converse, Social Psychology: The Study of Human Interaction, Psychology Press, 2015. 
  57. Nohria, N. and R. G. Eccles, Face-to-Face: Making Network Organizations Work, Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1992. 
  58. Nowak, M. A., "Five rules for the evolution of cooperation", Science, Vol.314, No.5805, 2006, pp. 1560-1563.  https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1133755
  59. Oliver, C., "Network relations and loss of organizational autonomy", Human Relations, Vol.44, No.9, 1991, pp. 943-961.  https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679104400903
  60. Olsson, P., C. Folke, and F. Berkes, "Adaptive comanagement for building resilience in social-ecological systems", Environmental Management, Vol.34, No.1, 2004, pp. 75-90.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0101-7
  61. Orlikowski, W. J. and S. V. Scott, "10 sociomateriality: Challenging the separation of technology, work and organization", The Academy of Management Annals, Vol.2, No.1, 2008, pp. 433-474.  https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520802211644
  62. Parker, G. and M. V. Alstyne, "Managing platform ecosystems", ICIS 2008 Proceedings, 2008, p. 53. 
  63. Pfeffer, J. and G. R. Salancik, The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective, Stanford University Press, 2003. 
  64. Rochet, J. C. and J. Tirole, "Platform competition in two-sided markets", Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol.1, No.4, 2003, pp. 990-1029.  https://doi.org/10.1162/154247603322493212
  65. Rosenkopf, L. and M. A. Schilling, "Comparing alliance network structure across industries: Observations and explanations", Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, Vol.1, No.3-4, 2007, pp. 191-209.  https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.33
  66. Saarikko, T., "Digital platform development: A service-oriented perspective", Paper presented at the ECIS, 2015. 
  67. Scheffer, M., W. Brock, and F. Westley, "Socioeconomic mechanisms preventing optimum use of ecosystem services: An interdisciplinary theoretical analysis", Ecosystems, Vol.3, No.5, 2000, pp. 451-471.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s100210000040
  68. Scott, W. R. and G. F. Davis, Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open systems perspectives, Routledge, 2015. 
  69. Settoon, R. P., N. Bennett, and R. C. Liden, "Social exchange in organizations: Perceived organizational support, leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.81, No.3, 1996, p. 219. 
  70. Singh, J. V., Organizational Evolution, New directions, 1990. 
  71. Smith, K. G., S. J. Carroll, and S. J. Ashford, "Intra-and interorganizational cooperation: Toward a research agenda", Academy of Management Journal, Vol.38, No.1, 1995, pp. 7-23.  https://doi.org/10.2307/256726
  72. Steward, J., "Cultural ecology", International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol.4, 1968, pp. 337-344. 
  73. Tiwana, A., B. Konsynski, and A. A. Bush, "Research commentary-Platform evolution: Coevolution of platform architecture, governance, and environmental dynamics", Information Systems Research, Vol.21, No.4, 2010, pp. 675-687.  https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0323
  74. Trist, E., "The evolution of socio-technical systems", Occasional Paper, Vol.2, 1981. 
  75. Von Hippel, E., "Successful industrial products from customer ideas: Presentation of a new customer-active paradigm with evidence and implications", Journal of Marketing, Vol.42, No.1, 1978, pp. 39-49.  https://doi.org/10.1177/002224297804200109
  76. Walker, B., C. S. Holling, S. Carpenter, and A. Kinzig, "Resilience, adaptability and transformability in social-ecological systems", Ecology and Society, Vol.9, No.2, 2004. 
  77. Wilson, D. T., "An integrated model of buyer-seller relationships", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.23, No.4, 1995, pp. 335-345. https://doi.org/10.1177/009207039502300414