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시스템 다이내믹스를 이용한 스마트도시계획이 도시동태성에 미치는 영향 분석 - 안양시를 중심으로

The Effect Analysis of Smart City Planning on Urban Dynamics Using System Dynamics Method - Focused on Anyang-city, Korea

  • Yi, Mi Sook (Dept. of Urban Information Engineering, Anyang University) ;
  • Yeo, Kwan Hyun (Dept. of Public Administration, Anyang University) ;
  • Kim, Chang Hoon (Dept. of Industrial Engineering, Hanyang University)
  • 투고 : 2020.02.21
  • 심사 : 2020.02.27
  • 발행 : 2020.02.29

초록

최근 스마트도시는 교통, 환경, 안전, 에너지 등 다양한 도시문제를 해결하기 위한 대안으로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 스마트도시의 개념, 동향, 정책 및 법제도에 관한 연구는 활발히 이루어지는데 비해서, 도시의 성장·정체·쇠퇴 과정 등 전 단계를 고려한 동태적 관점에서 스마트도시 서비스가 실제로 도시에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 도시를 인구, 산업, 교통, 환경, 주택, 토지 등의 하위 구성요소들이 상호간에 밀접하게 상호작용 하는 하나의 전체 시스템으로 보는 시각을 바탕으로, 도시가 시간의 흐름에 따라 어떻게 변화하는지 파악할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 시스템 다이내믹스 기법을 활용하여 안양시의 도시동태성이 장기적으로 어떠한 행태로 나타나는지 규명하고, 안양시의 스마트도시계획 등 관련 사업예산 투자가 도시동태성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 안양시는 성숙·안정형 도시에 해당되며 2040년까지 인구가 서서히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 안양시 인구는 2030까지 55만3천명 수준으로 감소하고 2040년까지 54만3천명 수준으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 안양시 스마트도시계획(안)에 따라 스마트도시 사업예산을 투입하면 투자하지 않을 경우에 비해서 인구감소 완화, 사업체수 증가, 도시안전지수 개선, 평균 주행속도 개선 등의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 인구는 2040년 기준으로 예산 투입 이전보다 4000명 정도 증가하고 사업체수는 761개 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 장기적인 관점에서 스마트도시 관련 정책의 효과를 파악하고 예측하는데 활용될 수 있다.

Recently, smart cities are attracting attention as a solution for a plethora of urban problems, including transportation, environment, safety, and energy. However, despite a substantial body of research dealt with the concept, trends, policy, and legal institutions of smart cities, few researchers have examined how the smart city services influence the cities from the dynamic perspective that considers the entire cycle of a city, including its growth, stagnation, and decline. Thus, it is vital to understand how the city changes with time from the view that a city is a system of sub-elements-population, industry, transportation, environment, housing, and land-closely interacting together. Within this context, this study explores how the urban dynamics of Anyang-city develop for the long term using the System Dynamics method and analyzes the effect of smart city project investment on the dynamics of Anyang-city. According to the result, Anyang-city is a "mature and stable" type, and its population is expected to decrease slowly by 2040. Specifically, the Anyang-city population will be reduced to 553,000 by 2030. It was analyzed that the number will decrease to 543,000 by 2040. It was also found that the investment in smart city projects in Anyang, based on the Plan for Anyang Smart City, would have the following effects: easing population decline, increasing number of businesses, improving urban safety index, and increasing average driving speed. The population will grow by 4,000 and the number of businesses will increase by 761 than before budget investment. The result of this paper is expected to contribute to identifying and predicting the effect of smart city policies from a long-term perspective.

키워드

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