천문학논총 (Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society)

  • 제35권1호
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  • Pages.1-16
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  • 2020
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  • 1225-1534(pISSN)
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  • 2287-6936(eISSN)
한국천문학회 (The Korean Astronomical Society)
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고종 31년(1894) 연력장(年曆張)의 역일 검증

VERIFICATION OF DATES IN THE CALENDAR SHEET (年曆張) FOR THE 31ST YEAR OF THE REIGN OF KING GOJONG (1894)

  • 투고 : 2020.03.02
  • 심사 : 2020.04.07
  • 발행 : 2020.04.30
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초록

We report a calendar sheet for the 31st year of the reign of King Gojong (1894) (hereafter, calendar sheet 1894) in Korea, which calendrical data in a single page. This calendar sheet 1894 is composed of 14 rows by 14 columns (about 190 cells), and various calendrical data are recorded such as the sexagenary circle of the first day in each month, 24 solar terms, full moon day. In this paper, we compare calendrical data of 1894 calendar sheet with those of the almanac based on the Shixian calendar (hereafter, annual almanac) of the same year. Our findings are as follows. First, we find that the year is expressed using the reign-year of the king of the Joseon dynasty differently from using the reign-style of China in the annual almanac those times. Other calendar days of this calendar sheet are the same as those of the annual almanac in term of lunar dates, 24 solar terms, sexagenary days and so forth. Second, we find that the calendar sheet 1894 contains memorial days for 64 lineally ancestors of the Joseon royal family. These royal memorial days appears in the annual almanac two years later (i.e., 1896). Third, as the most distinctive feature, we find that the symbol of 工 kept every two cells. It was found that the cells can be filled with three days as the maximum number of days and then are labelled the same symbol 工 every second cell. This feature allows us to get the first year in which this kind of calendar sheet was published. It is conjectured one of 11 years, such as 1845, 1846, 1847, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879 or 1880. We also think that the format of the calendar sheet 1894 has influenced on the Daehan-Minryeok (Korean civil calendar sheet) of 1920.

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참고문헌

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