Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Factors Influencing on Health Promoting Behavior of Community-dwelling Older Adults

지역사회 거주 노인의 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인

  • 장지혜 (한양대학교 일반대학원 간호학과) ;
  • 신용순 (한양대학교 간호학부)
  • Received : 2019.10.22
  • Accepted : 2020.02.07
  • Published : 2020.02.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive factors for health promotion behaviors of older adults in rural areas. A theoretical substruction was constructed to test hypothetical models based on Pender's health promotion model. The data was collected from 199 older adults aged 65 years or older, who resided in G city, by using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaires contained items on individual characteristics, health literacy, self efficacy and health promoting behavior. The data was analyzed with a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The predictive factors for the health promotion behavior were the number of health information channels (β=.16, p=.031) and self efficacy (β=.53, p<.001). The total explanatory power of these factors was 30.8%. A nursing intervention plan for improving health promoting behaviors of older adults should be developed and applied, with a focus on self-efficacy and health information channels. Further longitudinal studies are needed to help confirm relevant measurement of the level of health promoting behaviors of older adults.

본 연구는 지역사회 거주하는 65세 이상 노인의 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 시도되었으며, Pender의 건강증진모형에 근거한 가설적 모형을 검증하기 위해 Theoretical substruction을 구성하였다. 연구대상자는 G시에 거주하는 65세 이상 노인 199명을 대상으로, 구조화된 설문지를 통해 개인적 특성, 건강정보이해능력, 자기효능감 및 건강증진행위를 조사하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 20.0프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, 사후검증으로 Scheffé test를 실시하였고, 건강정보이해능력, 자기효능감 및 건강증진행위 간의 관계를 확인하기 위해 Pearson's correlation coefficients로 분석하였으며, 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 노인의 건강증진행위는 4점 기준으로 평균 2.56±0.50점이었으며, 하위영역 중 대인관계 영역이 가장 높았고, 신체활동 영역이 가장 낮았다. 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인은 건강정보수집 경로의 수(β=.16, p=.031)와 자기효능감(β=.53, p<.001)인 것으로 확인되었으며, 건강증진행위를 30.8% 설명하였다(F=14.19, p<.001). 본 연구 결과를 통해 노인 대상자의 건강증진행위를 높이기 위해서는 개인의 자기효능감 수준과 건강정보의 특성을 고려한 중재가 필요함을 확인하였다. 추후 노인의 건강증진행위 수준과 다양한 영향 요인을 확인하기 위한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. National Statistical Office, 2018 elderly statistics [Internet], Statistic Korea, 2018 [cited 2018 December 10], Available From: http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/1/1/index.board?bmode=read&aSeq=370779
  2. Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2017 living profiles of older people survey, Policy Report, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, 2017, Korea, Report No.: 11-1352000-000672-12.
  3. M. Loef,, H. Walach, "The combined effects of healthy lifestyle behaviors on all cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis", Preventive medicine, Vol.55, No.3, pp.163-170, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.06.017
  4. M. O. Gu, J. H. Kim, J. I. Kim, H. J. Kim, H. S. Kim, J. J. Oh, E. Young, M. S. Song, "A study on the barriers to health behavior in elderly people in Korea", Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing Society, Vol. 5, pp.117-126, 2003.
  5. J. H. Jeong, J. S. Kim, "Health literacy, health risk perception and health behavior of elders", Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, Vol.25, No.1, pp.65-73, 2014. DOI: http://dx.org/10.12799/jkachn.2014.25.1.65
  6. H. S. Kim, J. S. Hur, "A study of influential factors on health promoting behaviors of the elderly: focusing on senior citizens living in Seoul", Journal of the Korea gerontological society, Vol. 30, No.4, pp.1129-1143, 2010.
  7. N. J. Park, K. S. Kim, "Factors affecting health promoting behaviors of the vulnerable elderly", Journal of the Korea gerontological society, Vol.36, o.2, pp.275-294, 2016.
  8. M. S. Lee, "Health literacy and health behaviors among older adults with cardio-cerebrovascular disease residing in rural areas", Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, Vol.29, No.3, pp.256-265, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.3.256
  9. H. M. Seo, Y. S. Hah, "A study of factors influencing on health promoting lifestyle in the elderly: Application of Pender's health promotion model", Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, Vol.34, No.7, pp.1288-1297, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org./10.4040/jkan.2004.34.7.1288
  10. N. Shin, Y. Kang, "The relationships among health locus of control and resilience, social support and health promoting behavior in patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery diseases", Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, Vol.27, No.3, pp.294-303, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.3.294
  11. B. Billek-Sawhney, E. A. Reicherter, "Literacy and the older adult: Educational considerations for health professionals", Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, Vol.21, No.4, pp.275-281, 2005.
  12. T. W. Lee, S. J. Kang, "Health literacy in the Korean elderly and influencing factors", Journal of the Korea gerontological society, Vol.28, No.4, pp.847-863, 2008.
  13. M. S. Kwon, G. Y. Noh, J. H. Jang, "A study on relationships between health literacy, disease-related knowledge and compliance to medical recommendations in patients with hypertension", Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, Vol.27, No.1, pp.190-202, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2013.27.1.190
  14. A. Bandura, "Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective", Asian journal of social psychology, Vol.2, No.1, pp.21-41, 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-839X.00024
  15. N. J. Pender, C. L. Murdaugh, Health promotion in nursing practice (4th ed.), p.340, Parsons MA, Prentice Hall, 2002. p.73-97.
  16. C. M. McQuiston, J. C. Campbell, "Theoretical substruction: A guide for theory testing research", Nursing Science Quarterly, Vol.10, No.3, pp.117-123, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1177/089431849701000305
  17. J. E. Kim, "Measuring the level of health literacy and influence factors: Targeting the visitors of a university hospital's outpatient clinic", Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research, Vol. 17, No.1, pp.27-34, 2011.
  18. Y. J. Son, E. K. Song, "Impact of health literacy on disease-related knowledge and adherence to self-care in patients with hypertension", The Korean Journal of Fundamentals Nursing, Vol.19, No.1, pp.6-15, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2012.19.1.006
  19. S. H. Kim, E. J. Lee, "The influence of functional literacy on perceived health status in Korean older adults", Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, Vol.38, No.2, pp.195-203, 2008.
  20. T. W. Lee, S. J. Kang, "Development of the short form of the Korean health literacy scale for the elderly", Research in nursing & health, Vol.36, No.5, pp.524-534, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21556
  21. R. Schwarzer, A. Born, S. Iwawaki, Y. M. Lee, E. Saito, S. Yue, "The assessment of optimistic self-beliefs: Comparison of the Chinese, Indonesian, Japanese, and Korean versions of the general self-efficacy scale", Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient, Vol.40, No.1, pp.:1-13, 1997.
  22. H. Hwang, "Impacts of colorectal cancer knowledge and health literacy on self-management behaviors among elderly women in rural areas", Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, Vol.29, No.5, pp.527-535, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.5.527
  23. J. W. Ko, H. W. Kang, "Health promoting behavior and optimism among the elderly in S city", Journal of the Korean data analysis society, Vol.15, No.6B, pp.3251-3262, 2013.