DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Performance evaluation of different strengthening measures for exterior RC beam-column joints under opening moments

  • Dar, M. Adil (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Delhi) ;
  • Subramanian, N. ;
  • Pande, Sumeet (Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute Technology Srinagar) ;
  • Dar, A.R. (Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute Technology Srinagar) ;
  • Raju, J. (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Delhi)
  • Received : 2019.07.08
  • Accepted : 2019.11.30
  • Published : 2020.04.25

Abstract

Devastating RC structural failures in the past have identified that the behavior of beam-column joints is more critical and significantly governs the global structural response under seismic loading. The congestion of reinforcement at the beam-column joints with other constructional difficulties has escalated the attention required for strengthening RC beam-column joints. In this context, numerous studies have been carried out in the past, which mainly focused on jacketing the joints with different materials. However, there is no comparative study of different approaches used to strengthen RC beam-column joints, from efficiency and cost perspective. This paper presents a detailed investigation carried out to study the various strengthening schemes of exterior RC beam-column joints, viz., steel fiber reinforcement, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthening, steel haunch strengthening, and confining joint reinforcement. The effectiveness of each scheme was evaluated experimentally. These specimens were tested under horizontal loading that produced opening moments on the joints and their behavior was studied with emphasis on strength, displacement ductility, stiffness, and failure mechanism. Special attention was given to the study of crack-width.

Keywords

References

  1. ACI 211.1-91 (2009), Standard Practice for selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI., 1991 (reapproved 2009), 38.
  2. ACI 301-10 (2010), Specifications for Structural Concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI., U.S.A.
  3. ACI 318-19, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI., 2019, 623
  4. ACI 352R-02 (2010), Recommendations for Design of Beam- Column Connections in Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Structures, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI., 2002 (reapproved 2010), 38.
  5. Ahmed A., Saleem M.M., Siddiqui Z.A. (2019), "Effect of Varying Top Beam Reinforcement Anchorage Details on Ductility of HSC Beam-Column Joints", KSCE J. Civ. Eng., 2019, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1285-6.
  6. Balasubramanian K., Lakshmanan N., Jeyasehar A.C., Krishnamoorthy T.S., Bharatkumar B.H. (2011), "Experimental Investigations on FRP Retrofitted RC Beam-Column Specimens", J. Struct. Eng-Madras, 38, 405-416.
  7. Bansal N., Kwatra N., Kanwar V.S. (2013), "Effect of Steel Fibers on Reinforced Concrete Opening Corners", J. Today's Ideas Tomorrow's Tech. 1(2), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2013.12008
  8. Bansal P.P., Kumar M. and Dar M.A. (2016), "Retrofitting of exterior RC beam-column joints using ferrocement jackets", EarthqStruct. 10(2), 313-328. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.2.313.
  9. Dar M.A., Subramanian N., Dar A.R. and Raju J. (2015), "Experimental investigations on the structural behaviour of a distressed bridge", Struct. Eng. Mech. 56(4), 695-705. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.56.4.695.
  10. Dar M.A., Subramanian N., Dar A.R. and Raju J. (2017a), "Rehabilitation of a distressed steel roof truss -A study", Struct. Eng. Mech., 62(5), 567-576. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.62.5.567.
  11. Dar M.A., Subramanian N., Dar A.R., Rather A.I., Mir A. and Syed S. (2019), "Strengthening of capacity deficient RC beams- An experimental approach", Struct. Eng. Mech. 70(3), 303-310. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.70.3.303.
  12. Dar M.A., Subramanian N., Dar A.R., Rather A.I., Mir A. and Syed S. (2017b), "Strengthening of RC beams: An study", Proc. Int. Tech. Congr. 1-9.
  13. Dubey M., Singla N. and Batra V.S. (2015), "Increase in Ultimate Load and Yield Load of Beam Column Joint after Retrofitting", Int. J. Eng. Dev. Res., 3, 428-433.
  14. Elmasry M.I.S., Abdelkader A.M., Elkordy E.A. (2017), "An Analytical Study of Improving Beam-Column Joints Behavior Under Earthquakes", Facing Challenges Struct. Eng. Geo. M East., Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61914-9_37.
  15. Genesio G., Sharma A., Eligehausen R., Pampanin S., Reddy G.R. (2010), "Development of Seismic Retrofit Technique of RC Frame using Fully Fastened Haunch Elements: Static to Dynamic Testing", Proc. 14thSymp. Earthq. Eng. 1, 1-10.
  16. Gnanapragasam A.A., Chitra G., Raavi S.R. (2016), "Study on Strengthening of RC Beam Column Joint Using Hybrid FRP Composites", Circuits & Sys.,7, 2846-2856. https://doi.org/10.4236/cs.2016.710243
  17. IS 10262 (2019), Guidelines for concrete mix design proportioning, Second Revision, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
  18. IS 13920 (2016), Ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to seismic forces - Code of practice, First Revision, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
  19. IS 1608 (2005), Mechanical testing of metals - Tensile Testing, Bureau of Indian Standards, Third Revision, New Delhi.
  20. IS 269-1 (2013), Ordinary Portland Cement, 33 Grade - Specification, Fifth Revision, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
  21. IS 383 (2016), Coarse and Fine Aggregate for Concrete - Specification, Third Revision, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
  22. IS 456 (2000), Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice, Fourth Revision, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
  23. IS 516 (1959), Method of Tests for Strength of Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
  24. Kannan P., Sivakumar S., Bindhu K.R. (2014), "Retrofitting of Non-Ductile Exterior Beam-Column Joints by RC jacket with U-bars and Collar Bars", Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., 5, 550-554.
  25. Kaur M., Lal R. (2012a), "Strengthening of Beam Column Joints for Earthquake Resistant Structures", Proc. Int. Conf. Adv. Arch. Civ. Eng. 1, 222-226.
  26. Kaur M., Lal R.(2012b), "Reinforced Beam Column Corner Joints: Analytical and Experimental Study", i-managers J. Struct. Eng.,1(2), 18-25. https://doi.org/10.26634/jste.1.2.1929
  27. Kumara V.T.K., Kumar R., Dar M.A., Raju J. (2019), "Strengthening of RC Beam by Using Externally Bonded CFRP Laminates", In: Singh H., Garg P., Kaur I. (eds) Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Sustainable. Waste Manag. through Des. Lec. Notes Civ. Eng. 21-54, 522-527. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02707-0_59
  28. Liu C. (2006), "Seismic behaviour of beam-column joint subassemblies reinforced with steel fibres," Doctoral Thesis.
  29. Mahmoud M.H., Afefy H.M., Kassem N.M., Fawzy T.M. (2014), "Strengthening of defected beam-column joints using CFRP", J. Adv. Res., 5, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2012.11.007
  30. Prota A., Di Ludovico M., Balsamo A., Moroni C., Dolce M., Manfredi G. (2014), "FRP Local Retrofit of Non-Conforming RC Beam-Column Joints", In: Ilki A., Fardis M. (eds) Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures. Geotech, Geologi. Earthq. Eng. 26. Springer, Cham https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00458-7_14
  31. Rahmi Y., Saputra A., Siswosukarto S. (2017), "Numerical Modelling of Interior RC Beam-Column Joints for Non-Engineered Buildings Strengthened Using Steel Plates", MATEC Web Conf, 138, 1-10.https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713802007
  32. Rao G.A. Navya V., Eligehausen R. (2013), "Strengthening of Shear Deficient RC Beam-Column Joints in MRFs under Seismic Loading", Proc. VIII Int. Con. Fracture Mech. Concr. &Concr. Struct., 1-12. Van Mier J.G.M., Ruiz G., Andrade C., Yu R.C., Zhang X.X. (Eds)
  33. Shahbazpanahi S., Hejazi F., Rahimipour A., Paknahad M. (2018), "Experimental and Numerical Model of Interior Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints Strengthened with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheets", Iran J. Sci. Tech. Trans. Civ. Eng. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-018-0198-9
  34. Sharma R.K., Sharma H.K. (2017), "Structural Behaviour of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beam Column Joints Under Cyclic Loading", New Build. Mater. & Constr. World, 26-238.
  35. Sheela S., Geetha B.A. (2012), "Studies on the Performance of RC Beam-Column Joints Strengthened Using Different Composite Materials", J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A,93, 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-012-0008-5
  36. Singh V., Bansal P.P., Kumar M. (2015), "Experimental studies on strength and ductility of ferrocement jacketed RC beam-column joints", Int. J. Civ. Struct. Eng. 5(3), 99-205. https://doi.org/10.6088/ijcser.2014050019
  37. Singh V., Bansal P.P., Kumar M., Kaushik S.K. (2014a), "Experimental studies on strength and ductility of CFRP jacketed reinforced concrete beam-column joints", Constr Build Mater. 55 194-201.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.047
  38. Singh V., Bansal P.P., Kumar M., Kaushik S.K. (2014b), "Finite Element Modeling of CFRP Retrofitted RC Beam-Column Joints", Int. J. Emerging. Tech. 5, 31-39.
  39. Sivakumar S., Kannan P., Bindhu K.R. (2015), "Rehabilitation of Non-Ductile Exterior Beam-Column Joints by RC Jackets with U-Bars and Collar Bars", Int. J. Earth. Sci. Eng.8 440-446.
  40. Subramanian N. (2015), "Design of RC Beam Column Joints", The Masterbuilder, 136-148.
  41. Subramanian, N. (2013), Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 880, ISBN:9780198086949
  42. Subramanian, N., Prakash Rao, D.S. (2003), "Seismic design of Joints in RC Structures- A Review", Ind. Concr. J., 77(2), 883-892.
  43. Uma S.R., Meher Prasad A. (2006), "Seismic Behaviour of beam column joints in Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures", Ind. Concr. J., 80(1), 33-42.
  44. Vijayalakshmi N., Kalaivani M., Murugesan A., Thirugnanam G.S. (2010), "Experimental Investigation of RC-Beam Column Joint Strengthening by FPP Wrapping". Int. J. Civ. Struct. Eng.1(1), 35-49. https://doi.org/10.6088/ijcser.00202010004

Cited by

  1. Seismic performance improvement of RC buildings with external steel frames vol.27, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2021.27.4.343