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A Study on the Correlation between Service Nature by Service Industry and Job Performance: Focusing on Demographic Characteristics

서비스산업별 서비스본질과 직무성과와의 영향 관계 연구: 인구통계학적 특성을 중심으로

  • Received : 2020.07.12
  • Accepted : 2020.12.09
  • Published : 2020.12.31

Abstract

It is very important to explore new management theories that are better in line with the modern service economy era in order to cement the foundation of the service industry in this rapidly changing business environment. This study examined the relationship between service essentials and job performance by service industry, and verified and discussed in depth whether there is difference between service essentials and job performance by demographic characteristics. The results of this study are as follows: First, an analysis of the effect of service essentials on job performance found the interaction, horizontality and harmony of service essentials had positive effects on performance, but the relationship didn't. Next, an analysis of the effect of service essentials on job performance by representative service industry showed that in the transportation industry, interaction and harmony had positive effects on performance, but relationship and horizontality didn't affect performance. In the financial and insurance industries, horizontality and interaction had positive effects on performance, but harmony and relationship didn't affect performance. Accommodation and food industries, interaction, horizontality and harmony had positive effects on performance, but relationship didn't affect performance. In the medical and health industries, interaction and horizontality had positive effects on performance, but relationship and harmony didn't affect performance. In terms of demographic characteristics, in the financial and insurance industries, interaction and harmony showed a significant difference by age, but only horizontality showed a difference by the number of years of service. In the accommodation and food industries, only horizontality showed a difference depending on the number of years of service. In the medical and health industries, relationship, horizontality and harmony showed a difference depending on the number of years of service, but only horizontality showed a significant difference by marital status. In the future, comparative national studies are needed for all industrial groups.

본 연구에서는 서비스산업별 서비스본질과 직무성과와의 영향 관계를 확인하고, 인구통계학적 특성에 따라 서비스본질과 직무성과간의 영향관계에 차이가 있는지를 검증하고 그 결과를 논의하였다. 서비스본질인 관계성, 상호작용성, 수평성, 조화성의 증대가 직무성과의 향상에 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 또한 OECD의 서비스산업 분류를 반영하여 대표적 서비스산업 유형에 대해 서비스본질과 직무성과간의 관계를 분석하였다. 실증분석을 통해 도출된 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저 서비스본질과 직무성과와의 영향 관계를 분석한 결과, 서비스본질의 상호작용성, 수평성, 조화성이 직무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으나, 관계성과 직무성과와의 영향 가설은 기각되었다. 한편 대표적 서비스산업별로 서비스본질이 직무성과에 미치는 영향 관계를 분석한 결과, 운수업에서는 상호작용성과 조화성이 직무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 관계성과 수평성은 직무성과에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 금융·보험업에서는 수평성과 상호작용성이 직무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤지만, 조화성과 관계성은 직무성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 숙박·음식업에서는 상호작용성과 수평성 및 조화성이 직무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤지만, 관계성은 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 의료·보건업에서는 상호작용성과 수평성이 직무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤지만, 관계성과 조화성은 직무성과에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 인구통계학적 특성에 의한 분석의 경우, 금융·보험업에서 나이에 따라 상호작용성과 조화성에서 유의한 차이를 보였지만, 근속연수에 따라서는 수평성만이 차이를 보였다. 숙박·음식업에서는 근속연수에 따라 수평성만이 차이를 보였다. 의료·보건서비스업에서는 근속연수에 따라 관계성, 수평성, 조화성에서 차이를 보였으며, 결혼여부에서는 수평성에서만 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 향후 전체 산업군에 대해 국가별 비교 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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