DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Zinc supplementation of lactating dairy cows: effects on chemical-nutritional quality and volatile profile of Caciocavallo cheese

  • Ianni, Andrea (Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo) ;
  • Martino, Camillo (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia) ;
  • Innosa, Denise (Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo) ;
  • Bennato, Francesca (Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo) ;
  • Grotta, Lisa (Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo) ;
  • Martino, Giuseppe (Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.25
  • 심사 : 2019.07.06
  • 발행 : 2020.05.01

초록

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary zinc supplementation of Friesian cows on chemical-nutritional and aromatic properties of Caciocavallo cheese after 7 days (C7) and 120 days (C120) of ripening. Methods: Twenty eight Friesian cows, balanced for parity, milk production and days in milk, were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The control group (CG) was fed with a conventional complete diet, while the experimental group (zinc group, ZG) received a daily zinc supplementation of 60 mg for kg of dry complete feed. During the experimental period, the milk yield was monitored and samples of milk and caciocavallo cheese were collected and analyzed for chemical-nutritional composition and aromatic profile. Results: The enrichment of dairy cows diet with zinc, did not influence milk yield and composition, however a marked reduction of somatic cell count was evidenced. Both in milk and cheese the ZG samples were characterized by a lower concentration of satured fatty acids and an increase in oleic, vaccenic and rumenic acids. The aromatic profile of dairy products was also positively affected by dietary zinc intake, with an increase in concentration of carboxylic acids, esters and lactones. Conclusion: The present results suggest a positive role of dietary zinc intake in improving the quality of bovine milk and related cheese, in particular for the increase in concentration of bioactive fatty acids such as rumenic acid. The changes evidenced in cheese through the analysis of the volatile profile, would be consistent with the development of interesting organoleptic properties, although further evaluations should be performed to confirm the consumer acceptability of these changes.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Coleman JE. Zinc enzymes. Curr Opin Chem Biol 1998;2:222-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-5931(98)80064-1
  2. MacDonald RS. The role of zinc in growth and cell proliferation. J Nutr 2000;130:1500S-8S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.5.1500S
  3. Kloubert V, Rink L. Zinc as a micronutrient and its preventive role of oxidative damage in cells. Food Funct 2015;6:3195-204. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5FO00630A
  4. Bonaventura P, Benedetti G, Albarede F, Miossec P. Zinc and its role in immunity and inflammation. Autoimmun Rev 2015;14:277-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2014.11.008
  5. Miller WJ. Zinc nutrition of cattle: a review. J Dairy Sci 1970;53:1123-35. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(70)86 355-X
  6. Mir SH, Mani V, Pal RP, Malik TA, Sharma H. Zinc in ruminants: metabolism and homeostasis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences; 2018.
  7. Wright CL, Spears JW. Effect of zinc source and dietary level on zinc metabolism in holstein calves. J Dairy Sci 2004;87:1085-91. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73254-3
  8. Kegley EB, Spears JW. Performance and mineral metabolism of lambs as affected by source (oxide, sulfate, or methionine) and level of zinc. J Anim Sci 1992;70(Suppl 1):302.
  9. Sandoval M, Henry PR, Littell RC, Cousins RJ, Ammerman CB. Estimation of the relative bioavailability of zinc from inorganic zinc sources for sheep. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1997;66:223-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(96)01103-0
  10. Spears JW. Organic trace minerals in ruminant nutrition. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1996;58:151-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00881-0
  11. Spears JW. Zinc methionine for ruminants: relative bioavailability of zinc in lambs and effects of growth and performance of growing heifers. J Anim Sci 1989;67:835-43. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1989.673835x
  12. Salama AAK, Caja G, Albanell E, Such X, Casals R, Plaixats J. Effects of dietary supplements of zinc-methionine on milk production, udder health and zinc metabolism in dairy goats. J Dairy Res 2003;70:9-17. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029902005708
  13. Sobhanirad S, Carlson D, Kashani RB. Effect of zinc methionine or zinc sulfate supplementation on milk production and composition of milk in lactating dairy cows. Biol Trace Elem Res 2010;136:48-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-009-8526-3
  14. Doreau M, Meynadier A, Fievez V, Ferlay A. Ruminal metabolism of fatty acids: modulation of polyunsaturated, conjugated, and trans fatty acids in meat and milk. Handbook of Lipids in Human Function; London, UK: AOCS Press; 2016. pp. 521-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-63067-036-8.00 019-6
  15. National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. Washington, DC, USA: National Academies Press; 2001.
  16. Helrich K. Official methods of analysis of the AOAC International (No. 630.243 A849o15). Arlington, VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists; 1990.
  17. Van Soest PV, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 1991;74:3583-97. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  18. Tofalo R, Schirone M, Fasoli G, et al. Influence of pig rennet on proteolysis, organic acids content and microbiota of Pecorino di Farindola, a traditional Italian ewe's raw milk cheese. Food Chem 2015;175:121-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.088
  19. Nascentes CC, Arruda MA, Nogueira ARA, Nobrega JA. Direct determination of Cu and Zn in fruit juices and bovine milk by thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta 2004;64:912-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2004.04.004
  20. AOAC International. Official methods of analysis. 17th ed. Washington, DC, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists; 2000.
  21. Domagala J, Sady M, Grega T, Pustkowiak H, Florkiewicz A. The influence of cheese type and fat extraction method on the content of conjugated linoleic acid. J Food Compost Anal 2010;23:238-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2009.11.002
  22. Ianni A, Di Maio G, Pittia P, et al. Chemical-nutritional quality and oxidative stability of milk and dairy products obtained from Friesian cows fed with a dietary supplementation of dried grape pomace. J Sci Food Agric 2019;99:3635-43. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9584
  23. Ulbricht TLV, Southgate DAT. Coronary heart disease: seven dietary factors. Lancet 1991;338:985-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91846-M
  24. Mele M, Conte G, Castiglioni B, et al. Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase gene polymorphism and milk fatty acid composition in Italian Holsteins. J Dairy Sci 2007;90:4458-65. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-617
  25. Grotta L, Castellani F, Palazzo F, Haouet MN, Martino G. Treatment optimisation and sample preparation for the evaluation of lipid oxidation in various meats through TBARs assays before analysis. Food Anal Methods 2017;10:1870-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0740-y
  26. Ianni A, Innosa D, Martino C, Bennato F, Martino G. Compositional characteristics and aromatic profile of caciotta cheese obtained from Friesian cows fed with a dietary supplementation of dried grape pomace. J Dairy Sci 2019;102:1025-32. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15590
  27. Pechova A, Pavlata L, Lokajova E. Zinc supplementation and somatic cell count in milk of dairy cows. Acta Vet Brno 2006;75:355-61. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb200675030355
  28. Cope CM, Mackenzie AM, Wilde D, Sinclair LA. Effects of level and form of dietary zinc on dairy cow performance and health. J Dairy Sci 2009;92:2128-35. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1232
  29. Wang RL, Liang JG, Lu L, Zhang LY, Li SF, Luo XG. Effect of zinc source on performance, zinc status, immune response, and rumen fermentation of lactating cows. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013;152:16-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-012-9585-4
  30. Salama AA, Caja G, Albanell E, Such X, Casals R, Plaixats J. Effects of dietary supplements of zinc-methionine on milk production, udder health and zinc metabolism in dairy goats. J Dairy Res 2003;70:9-17. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029902005708
  31. Nudda A, McGuire MA, Battacone G, Pulina G. Seasonal variation in conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid in milk fat of sheep and its transfer to cheese and ricotta. J Dairy Sci 2005;88:1311-9. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72797-1
  32. Miyazaki M, Ntambi JM. Role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in lipid metabolism. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2003;68:113-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0952-3278(02)00261-2
  33. Smith SB, Lunt DK, Chung KY, Choi CB, Tume RK, Zembayashi M. Adiposity, fatty acid composition, and delta-9 desaturase activity during growth in beef cattle. Anim Sci J 2006;77:478-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-0929.2006.00375.x
  34. Lock AL, Bauman DE. Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health. Lipids 2004;39:1197-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-004-1348-6
  35. Basirico L, Morera P, Dipasquale D, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers strongly improve the redox status of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BME-UV1). J Dairy Sci 2015;98:7071-82. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9787
  36. Lock AL, Corl BA, Barbano DM, Bauman DE, Ip C. The anticarcinogenic effect of trans-11 18: 1 is dependent on its conversion to cis-9, trans-11 CLA by Δ9-desaturase in rats. J Nutr 2004;134:2698-704. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.10.2698
  37. Song HJ, Grant I, Rotondo D, et al. Effect of CLA supplementation on immune function in young healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005;59:508-17. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602102
  38. Platt I, Rao LG, El-Sohemy A. Isomer-specific effects of conjugated linoleic acid on mineralized bone nodule formation from human osteoblast-likecells. Exp Biol Med 2007;232:246-52.
  39. Engle TE, Fellner V, Spears JW. Copper status, serum cholesterol, and milk fatty acid profile in Holstein cows fed varying concentrations of copper. J Dairy Sci 2001;84:2308-13. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74678-4
  40. Bray TM, Bettger WJ. The physiological role of zinc as an antioxidant. Free Radic Biol Med 1990;8:281-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(90)90076-U
  41. Kahraman O, Ustunol Z. Effect of zinc fortification on Cheddar cheese quality. J Dairy Sci 2012;95:2840-7. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4945
  42. Bertuzzi AS, McSweeney PL, Rea MC, Kilcawley KN. Detection of volatile compounds of cheese and their contribution to the flavor profile of surface-ripened cheese. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018;17:371-90. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12332
  43. Collins YF, McSweeney PL, Wilkinson MG. Lipolysis and free fatty acid catabolism in cheese: a review of current knowledge. Int Dairy J 2003;13:841-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-6946(03)00109-2
  44. Huard C, Miranda G, Wessner F, et al. Characterization of AcmB, an N-acetylglucosaminidase autolysin from Lactococcus lactis. Microbiology 2003;149:695-705. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.25875-0
  45. Niimi J, Eddy AI, Overington AR, Silcock P, Bremer PJ, Delahunty CM. Sensory interactions between cheese aroma and taste. J Sens Stud 2015;30:247-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/joss.12155

피인용 문헌

  1. Influence of Zinc Feeding on Nutritional Quality, Oxidative Stability and Volatile Profile of Fresh and Ripened Ewes’ Milk Cheese vol.8, pp.12, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120656
  2. Volatile Flavor Compounds in Cheese as Affected by Ruminant Diet vol.25, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030461
  3. Nutrient Dynamics in Sandy Soil and Leaf Lettuce Following the Application of Urea and Urea-Hydrogen Peroxide Impregnated Co-Pyrolyzed Animal Manure and Bone Meal vol.11, pp.8, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081664
  4. Content and Nutritional Evaluation of Zinc in PDO and Traditional Italian Cheeses vol.26, pp.20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206300