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A Systematic Review on the Intervention Program of Smartphone Addiction

스마트폰 중독의 중재 프로그램에 관한 체계적 고찰

  • Kim, Deok Ju (Department of Occupational Therapy, Cheongju University)
  • 김덕주 (청주대학교 작업치료학과)
  • Received : 2019.10.31
  • Accepted : 2020.03.06
  • Published : 2020.03.31
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Abstract

This study analyzed the intervention program of smartphone addiction. The literature used for this research analysis was published from Jan. 2010 to Jul. 2019. The foreign literature was searched for in 'Pubmed and Science Direct', and the domestic literature was found in 'RISS, Keris, and KISS'. A total of 310 studies were found and analyzed on the basis of our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 16 theses were analyzed. Thirteen theses (81%) meet the required evidence level, and three theses (19%) had level III. As a result of analysis on the intervention methods of smartphone addiction, art therapy was found in 6 theses (37.5%), exercise therapy in four theses (25.0%), and cognitive behavior therapy in three theses (18.6%). After the intervention of most of the programs, there were reduced withdrawal symptoms of smartphone addiction, reduced negative feelings like depression, anxiety, and impulsiveness, and increased positive feelings like self-esteem. A smartphone addiction evaluation scale was mostly applied in terms of the evaluated items, along with psychological evaluation. These studies are expected to be effectively used as intervention tools for treating smartphone addiction.

본 연구의 목적은 스마트폰 중독의 중재 프로그램에 대해 체계적으로 분석함으로써, 스마트폰 중독 치료에 대한 근거를 제시하고자 하는 것이다. 연구 분석을 위해 2010년 1월부터 2019년 7월까지 출판된 문헌들을 대상으로 하였으며, 국외 문헌은 'Pubmed, Science Direct'에서 검색하였고, 국내 문헌은 'RISS, Keris, KISS'를 통하여 검색하였다. 총 310편의 논문이 검색되었고, 포함기준과 배제기준을 바탕으로 분석하여 최종 16편의 논문이 분석에 사용되었으며, 근거수준 I이 13편(81%), III이 3편(19%)이었다. 분석결과 스마트폰 중독을 위한 중재 방법에는 미술치료가 6편(37.5%)으로 가장 많았으며, 운동치료가 4편(25.0%), 인지행동치료가 3편(18.6%)을 차지하였다. 분석에 포함된 대상자는 초등학생이 가장 많았으며, 중재기간은 6~8주 사이, 치료 회기는 6회기 혹은 12회기가 가장 많았다. 대부분의 프로그램 중재 후 스마트폰 중독의 금단증상 감소, 우울, 불안 및 충동성과 같은 부정적인 감정 감소, 자아존중감과 같은 긍정적인 감정의 증가 등 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 평가항목을 보면, 스마트폰 중독 진단척도가 가장 많이 사용되었으며, 인터넷 중독진단, 불안평가, 우울평가, 충동평가, 애착평가 등과 같이 심리적인 부분을 측정하는 평가가 대다수를 차지하였다. 향후 이러한 연구들이 스마트폰 중독의 치료를 위한 중재도구로 효과적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

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