Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
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A preliminary study on factors affecting cognitive function and cognitive training effects

인지기능 및 인지훈련효과의 관련변인에 관한 예비연구

  • Kim, Youngkyoung (Research Institute of Human Mind, Chungbuk National University)
  • 김영경 (충북대학교 인간심리연구소)
  • Received : 2020.10.06
  • Accepted : 2020.12.20
  • Published : 2020.12.28
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Abstract

The present study investigated the related variables of cognitive function, subjective cognitive decline and cognitive training effects. The cognitive training was composed of mete-cognitive education and cognitive task performing. Twenty older adults attended for 14 weeks and were tested before and after the training. Results show that their cognitive level was related with age, self-esteem and personality traits. And subjective cognitive decline was related depression, anxiety, personality traits, self-efficacy, self-esteem and subjective age, but it does not reflect objective cognitive impairments. Their cognitive test scores were enhanced after training in MMSE, memory and executive function, and enhanced scores were related with age, subjective cognitive decline, anxiety, self-efficacy, self-esteem, subjective age and personality traits. Findings suggest one's personality and psychological state need to be considered for the effects of cognitive training.

본 연구는 노인을 대상으로 인지기능에 관한 교육과 함께 주의, 기억, 실행기능, 기억책략 등을 다루는 인지과제를 수행하는 인지훈련을 실시하여 훈련 이전의 인지기능 수준은 어떤 개인적 특성과 관련이 있는지, 주관적 인지감퇴는 실제적인 인지감퇴를 반영하는지, 인지훈련의 효과는 어떤 개인 특성과 관련이 있는지를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 연구 참가자는 건강한 노인 20명으로 14회기의 인지훈련을 주 1회, 회기당 2시간씩 진행하였으며 사전 및 사후로 검사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 인지기능은 연령과 자아존중감, 성격 특질 중 외향성과 개방성이 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 주관적인 인지감퇴는 객관적인 인지기능보다는 우울, 불안, 성격, 자기효능감, 자아존중감, 주관적 연령과의 상관이 유의하였다. 또한 인지훈련을 통해 전반적인 인지기능을 측정하는 정신상태, 기억, 전두엽기능 검사 점수가 향상되었으며 인지훈련의 효과는 연령, 주관적 인지감퇴, 불안, 자기효능감, 자아존중감, 주관적 연령, 성격과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 어떤 특성의 노인이 인지노화에 취약한지 알려주며, 인지훈련의 효과를 높이기 위해 교육 참가자의 특성을 고려해야 한다는 것을 시사한다.

Keywords

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