Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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Study on the Regional Deposition of Smoke Particles in Human Respiratory Tract under the Variation of Fire and Breathing Conditions

화재 및 호흡조건 변화에 따른 연기입자의 인체 호흡기 내 영역별 침착량 분석

  • Goo, Jaehark (Dept. of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk Univ.)
  • 구재학 (우석대학교 소방방재학과)
  • Received : 2019.10.19
  • Accepted : 2019.11.19
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

Smoke generated in a fire consists of gaseous substances and particulate matter, such as unburned carbon that adsorbed the gases. Human injury caused by inhalation of gaseous substances present in smoke is mostly short-term, whereas damage caused by inhalation of particulate matter is relatively a long-term phenomenon depending on the state of the gas-phase adsorption. The amount and location of the deposited smoke particles are important factors in estimating the damage caused to humans, which are affected by the breathing conditions as well as particle conditions, such as the size and concentration affected by the combustion conditions. In this study, in order to understand the characteristics of the deposition of smoke particles in the respiratory tract related to the study of human smoke inhalation injury, the number and mass concentration of smoke particles deposited in different areas of the respiratory tract for different fuel types, combustion conditions and breathing conditions were calculated. In addition, the amount of mass deposition of smoke in the respiratory tract for a certain period of inhalation was compared with the atmospheric standard of fine dust.

화재 시 발생하는 연기는 가스상 물질과 이들을 흡착한 미연탄소 등의 입자상 물질로 이루어져 있다. 연기 중 가스상 물질의 흡입에 의한 인체피해는 대부분 단기적으로 이루어지는 데 비하여 입자상 물질의 흡입에 의한 피해는 가스상의 흡착상태에 따라서 상대적으로 장기적으로 이루어진다. 입자상 물질이 호흡기벽에 침착하여 호흡기 및 순환기 계통에 영향을 미치는 것과 관련하여, 침착되는 연기입자의 양과 호흡기 내 침착위치는 인체피해 산정의 중요한 요소인데, 이들은 연소조건에 영향을 받는 크기 및 농도 등 입자상태와 함께 호흡조건에 영향을 받는다. 이 연구에서는 화재 시 발생하는 연기의 흡입에 의한 인체피해 연구와 관련된 호흡기 내 연기입자 침착특성 파악을 위하여 연료종류, 연소조건 및 호흡조건에 따라 호흡기 내 영역별로 침착되는 연기입자의 입경에 따른 개수 및 질량 농도를 구하였다. 또한 각 조건별로 흡입연기의 일정기간 동안 호흡기 내 질량 침착량을 대기환경 미세먼지 기준치와 비교 분석하였다.

Keywords

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