Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of Weather Resistance on Dancheong Ground Treatment of Tranditional Wooden Building in Korea

한국 목조건축물 단청 바탕처리에 대한 내후성 연구

  • 김영균 (건국대학교 회화보존연구소) ;
  • 한경순 (건국대학교 회화보존연구소)
  • Received : 2019.09.06
  • Accepted : 2019.10.11
  • Published : 2019.10.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, the method for processing glue and glue-alum sizing from the dancheong ground treatment was evaluated with respect to weather resistance, and its effect on the conservation of dancheong was analyzed. Viscosity and pH of the glue and glue-alum specimen were measured and classified into three categories(none layer, glue layer, and glue-alum layer), which were further classified according to low concentration(four times for 2%) and high concentration(once for 10%). The base layer formation was subsequently classified into three categories based on pigment adoption, namely, Noerok(celadonite), Seokganju(terra rossa), and Jangdan(red lead). The completed specimen was subjected to a changing-environment experiment for evaluating weather resistance and observing the surface. Color variations were analyzed before and after the experiment. The results indicate that glue-alum sizing comprising 5% alum or 7% alum has strong acidity that can affect the life of dancheong, and the high level of 7% alum makes it difficult to create a solid coating layer. After ultraviolet irradiation, the specimen with 7% alum changes its color to yellow. Furthermore, after moisture absorption and drying, cracks can be observed on the entire specimen surface that corroborate the physical change. Additionally, gas-based corrosion causes marginal surface changes. Hence, the formation of a stable coating layer can be achieved by incorporating a low concentration glue solution that is almost neutral, and the application of glue-alum sizing having 2% concentration can aid in the conservation of dancheong.

본 논문은 단청 포수 방법 중, 아교수와 교반수처리 방법에 대해 내후성 평가를 하여, 단청의 보존성 향상에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 시편은 아교수와 교반수(아교 건조중량의 명반 2%, 5%, 7%)의 점도와 pH 측정을 진행하였으며, 포수층 없음, 아교수 포수층, 교반수 포수층 등 3유형으로 분류 후, 각 저농도(2% 4회), 고농도(10% 1회)로 구분하였다. 이후 바탕층 형성유무에 따라 2차 분류 하여 뇌록·석간주·장단 3종의 가칠 안료를 채색하였다. 완성된 시편은 내후성 평가를 위해 환경변화실험을 진행하였으며, 실험 전·후 표면관찰, 색차변화 등을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 명반 5% 교반수(pH 평균 4.5)와 명반 7% 교반수(pH 평균 4.7)는 강산성에 근접하여 향후 단청의 보존에 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 명반 7%의 높은 점도는 포수층을 견고하게 만들기 어려울 것으로 판단된다. 또한 자외선 조사 후, 명반 7% 시편에서 황변화가 가장 확연하게 나타났으며 흡습·건조 후, 시편 전체 표면에서 균열이 발견되어 물리적 변화를 확인하였다. 가스부식은 타 실험과 비교 시 색상과 표면상태 변화의 확인이 어려웠다. 결과적으로, 안정적인 포수층의 형성은 중성에 가까운 저농도 아교수와, 명반 2%의 교반수가 적합할 것이며, 명반 2% 교반수의 적용은 단청의 보존에 긍정적일 것으로 파악된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Han, G.S. and Shin, S.J., 2007, Effect of vehicle resin on coating performance of dan-chung. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 35(1), 44-50. (in Korean with English abstract)
  2. Kim, D.R., 2014, A study of dancheong technique for conservation of traditional wooden architecture in Korean. Master's thesis, Konkuk University, Chungju, 1-81. (in Korean with English abstract)
  3. Koo, U.H., 2016, An experimental study for the reproduction of the dancheong technique for royal palaces since the 17th century. Ph.D. dissertation, Myongji University, Seoul, 1-283. (in Korean with English abstract)
  4. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, 2015, Performance assessment and application standard of flame retardant for fire prevention of historical wooden building. 3, 1-137. (in Korean with English abstract)
  5. Oh, J.S. and Kawanobe, W., 2005, Influence of mechanical properties of painting layers and priming methods to weathering resistance of danchung. Journal of Conservation Science, 17, 19-32. (in Korean with English abstract)
  6. Park, J.D., 2009, A study of materials and gluing techniques in Korean colored paintings. Master's thesis, Andong National University, Andong, 1-50. (in Korean with English abstract)
  7. Park, J.H., Jeong, S.H., Kim, I.J. and Chung, Y.J., 2013, A study on the film performance by physical properties of gelatin(glue) in dancheong. Journal of Conservation Science, 29(1), 25-33. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2013.29.1.03
  8. Park, S.Y., 2008, A study on ott-chil dan-chung. Master's thesis, Dongbang Culture University, Seoul, 1-57. (in Korean with English abstract)
  9. Seo, S.H., 2007, A study on the pigments binder - The durability of lead red and glue.acrylic -. Master's thesis, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 1-64. (in Korean with English abstract)
  10. Seo, Y.R., 2006, A study of alum water processing technique used in colored paintings. Master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul, 1-114. (in Korean with English abstract)
  11. Shin, H., 2013, The function and role of glue alum sizing on the paper stock for painting. The Journal of Art and Culture Studies, 3(5), 67-104 (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.18707/jacs.2013.12.3.67
  12. Yun, H.E., 2003, A study of layer of glue spread on the paper stock for color painting. Master's thesis, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 1-59. (in Korean with English abstract)
  13. Yun, J.Y., 2010, A study on stirring water and vehicle concentration level for different types of glue. Master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul, 1-100. (in Korean with English abstract)