Journal of the Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회논문지)

Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Young Entrepreneurs Characteristics and Environmental Factors on Business Performance - Focusing on the Absorptive Capacity and Interorganizational Networks -

청년창업자 개인특성과 환경요인이 경영성과에 미치는 영향 - 흡수역량과 조직네트워크 중심으로 -

  • 이정관 (대전대학교 융합컨설팅학과) ;
  • 서영욱 (대전대학교 융합컨설팅학과)
  • Received : 2019.08.26
  • Accepted : 2019.10.20
  • Published : 2019.10.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study analyzes business performance factors for young startup, one of the solutions to the youth unemployment problem, and explored the effects of individual characteristics, capability, and environmental factors of young entrepreneurs on business performance. The study targets young traders operating in traditional markets and shopping streets nationwide. The 159 sample data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Smart PLS 2.0 for frequency analysis, reliability and validity analysis. The Entrepreneur's individual characteristics such as challenge spirit, start-up capability, and market characteristics affect absorptive capacity and interorganizational network. And absorptive capacity and interorganizational network affect financial and non-financial business performance. As a result, it was found that young traders need to reinforce their individual characteristics, start-up capability, and interorganizational networks in order to improve business performance. This study is intended to provide theoretical and practical implications.

본 연구는 청년 실업 문제의 해결방안 중 하나인 청년 창업에 대해 경영성과 요인을 분석하고 청년 창업자의 개인특성과 역량, 창업 환경요인이 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 연구대상은 전국 전통시장 및 상점가에서 영업중인 청년상인을 대상으로 실시하였으며, 조사한 159명의 표본자료를 SPSS 25.0와 Smart PLS 2.0을 활용, 통계처리하여 빈도분석과 신뢰성, 타당성 분석을 실시하였다. 창업자의 개인적 특성인 도전정신과 창업역량, 시장특성은 흡수역량과, 조직네트워크에 영향을 미치며, 흡수역량과 조직네트워크는 재무적 경영성과와 비재무적 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 청년상인의 경영성과를 높이기 위해서는 청년상인의 개인특성과 창업역량, 조직네트워크를 강화시켜야 한다는 중요성을 알 수 있었다. 이 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. A. R. Lim, H. C. Kim & J. R. Youn. (2014). The Effect of Youth Entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurial, Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Socieity, 9(3), 80-103. https://doi.org/10.24878/TKES.2014.9.3.80
  2. H. N. Jo & M. J. Kim. (2019). A Study on IPA Analysis of Start-ups by Government Policy, Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology, 9(3), 929-938.
  3. D. C. Kwak, Y. H. Joo & B. H. Cho. (2016). A Study on Influential Factors of Survival Rates: Focused on Youth Start-ups, Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business, 38(4), 77-94.
  4. K. H. Vesper. (1983). Entrepreneurship and national policy, Chicago: Walter E. Heller International Corporation.
  5. H. C. Lim & Y. J. Noh. (2016). The effect of Supporting Service for start-up companies on Start-up Competency and Management Performance in Food Service Industry, Tourism Research, 41(4), 273-293.
  6. M. H. Morris & P. S. Lewis. (1995). The Determinants of entrepreneurial activity: implications for marketing, European Journal of Marketing, 29(7), 31-48. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090569510094991
  7. Y. W. Lee, N. J. Lee, H. O. Lee & C. S. Lee. (2009). Effects of Environmental Characteristics and Management Strategies on the Performance of Small & Micro Business, Journal Finance and Accounting Accountiong Information, 9(1), 91-111.
  8. N. J. Lee, T. G. Heo & C. S. Lee. (2013). An Experimental Research on the Difference of Main Performance Factors Based on Small Business Types, Accounting Information Review, 31(3), 187-207.
  9. W. M. Cohen & D. A. Levinthal. (1990). Absorptive capacity:A new perspective on learning and innovation, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553
  10. S. A. Zahra & G. George. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension, Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185-203. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6587995
  11. P. J. Lane, B. R. Koka & S. Pathak. (2006). The reification of absorptive capacity: A critical review and rejuvenation of the construct, Academy of Management Review, 31(4), 833-863. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2006.22527456
  12. M. S. Kim. (2013). An Exploratory Study on the Relations among Environmental Turbulance, Absorptive Capacity, Knowledge Strategy and Innovation Outcome, The Journal of Business Education, 27(3), 235-261.
  13. S. Y. Kim & G. O. Jung. (2017). A Study on the Antecedent Factors of Absorptive Capacity in SMEs: The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Team Diversity, Self-transcendence Value, Slack Resource, and Environmental Uncertainty, Regional industry review, 40(1), 95-123.
  14. C. M. Koo & J. I. Choi. (2008). An Empirical Study on the Effects of Organizational Absorptive Capacity on Firm's Performance, korean management review, 37(3), 515-536.
  15. B. S. Yun, Y. J. Kim & J. B. Lee. (2019). An Empirical Investigation into the Effects of Network Trust and Absorptive Capacity of the North Korean Defectors on Business Performance, Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Socieity, 14(4), 50-75. https://doi.org/10.24878/tkes.2019.14.4.050
  16. J. Mitchell. (1969). The Concept and Use of Social Networks. in Social Network in Urban Situations. Mitchell. J. eds. Manchester. England: Manchester - 338 - University Press. 1-50.
  17. C. Fombrun. (1982). Strategies for Network Research in Organizations. Academy of Management Review. 7(2), 280-291. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1982.4285594
  18. L. J. J. O' Toole. (1997). Treating Networks Seriously: Practical and Research Based Agendas in Public Administration, Public Administration Review, 57(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.2307/976691
  19. A. Rickne. (2006). Connectivity and performance of science-based firms, Small Business Economics, 26(4), 393-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-4848-5
  20. T. S. Jeong & M. S. Yim. (2011). A Study of the Effect of Collaborative Network on Innovation Performance: The Mediating Role of Absorptive Capacity, Journal of Korea Service Management Society, 12(5), 159-186. https://doi.org/10.15706/jksms.2011.12.5.007
  21. A. Walter, M. Auer & T. Ritter. (2006). The impact of network capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation on university spin-off performance, Journal of Business V enturing, 21(4), 541-567.
  22. M. Acquaah. (2012). Social networking relationships, firm‐specific managerial experience and firm performance in a transition economy: A comparative analysis of family owned and nonfamily firms, Strategic Management Journal, 33(10), 1215-1228. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.1973
  23. S. Y. Noh. (2018). A Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Social Capital on the Startup Performance, Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Socieity, 13(4), 140-165. https://doi.org/10.24878/TKES.2018.13.4.140
  24. Y. J. Lee, C. H. Ra & W. J. Lee. (2014). Startup activation strategies for corporate partnership : focused on corporate venturing activities, Science & Technology Policy Institute, 14-29.
  25. S. C. Roh, H. S. Jung & Y. W. Suh. (2012), Development and Validation of the Global Competency Scale(GCS), The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 25(4), 801-831. https://doi.org/10.24230/ksiop.25.4.201211.801
  26. J. M. Corbin & A. L. Strauss. (1993). The articulation of work through interaction, The Sociological Quarterly, 34(1), 71-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1993.tb00131.x
  27. G. O. Klemp. (1980). Assessment of Occupational Competence. Washington DC: National Institute of Education.
  28. Y. H. Choe, J. G. Sin & S. H. Kim. (2003). The Impact of Top Management, Strategy, and Structure on Performance of Small and Medium Sized Firm, Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business, 25(2), 103-125.
  29. G. N. Chandler & E. Jansen. (1992). The founder's self-assessed competence and venture performance, Journal of Business Venturing, 7(3), 223-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(92)90028-P
  30. S. A. Zahra & J. G. Covin. (1995), Contextual Influences on the Corporate Entrepreneurship - performance Relationships: A Longtitudinal Analysis, Journal of Business Venturing, 10(1), 43-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(94)00004-E
  31. K. E. Cho. (2014). A Comparative Study on the Traditional Market Promotion Policies Based on Travel and Tourism, Journal of Tourism Studies, 26(4), 157-187.
  32. J. S. Kim & J. J. Kim. (2012). A Study on the Revitalization Model of Traditional Markets in Korea, Journal of Social Sciences, 28(1), 65-86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2011.11892929
  33. D. H. Lee & Y. S. Lee. (2013). A Study on the Effect of Governmentstraditional Retail and Periodic Market Ppolicies on Revitalization of Market : Focused on Traditional Retail and Periodic Markets in the Urban Areas of Daegu and Daejeon, Journal of Industrial Economics and Business, 26(5), 2337-2360.
  34. G. H. Lee & Y. J. Kim. (2015). The Policy Effects on Traditional Retail Markets Supported by the Korean Government, Journal of Distribution Science, 13(11), 101-109. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.13.11.201511.101
  35. H. H. Lee & Y. J. Yoo. (2019). The Effect of Food Service Founder's Individual Characteristics on Management Performance: The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy, Journal of Foodservice Management Society of Korea, 22(2), 215-243.
  36. S. A. Zahra & J. C. Hayton. (2008). The Effect of International Venturing on Firm Performance: The Moderating Influence of Absorptive Capacity, Journal of Business Venturing, 23(2), 195-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2007.01.001
  37. J. H. Park. (1997). A Study on the Development of Globalization Measurement Index : Focused on Competency Categories, the Journal of the Humanities, 19(1), 177-207.
  38. S. H. Yang, M. S. Kim & W. Y. Jung. (2011). The Effects of Entrepreneur's Competence and Technology Commercialization Capabilities on Business Performance of Technology-based Start-ups, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 6(4), 195-213. https://doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.6.4.201112.195
  39. J. H, Kim, J. H. Park & K. D. Chung. (2013). The Role of Absorptive Capacity in Technological Collaboration of SMEs, Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society, 16(1), 101-129.
  40. J. H. Weon & D. H. Lee. (2001). Effects of Networking Activities on Venture Business Performance, Advancing Small Enterprise Innovation Research, 4(1), 35-62.
  41. W. J. Yu. (2001). An Empirical Study on the Relationship between The Extent of Use of Nonfinancial Performance Measurement and The Financial Performance Under The Environmental Uncertainty, Review of Accounting and Policy Studies, 6(1), 111-139.
  42. T. H. Ban & S. G. Song. (2012). The Relationship between Business Strategy, Management Innovation, Strategic Managerial Accounting System and Business Performance, Korean Accounting Journal, 21(1), 203-236.
  43. J. F. Hair, R. E. Anderson, R. L. Tatham & W. C. Black. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis: With Readings. 4th ed. Prentice Hall.
  44. C. Fornell & D. F. Larcker. (1998). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  45. R. F. Falk & N. B. Miler. (1992). A premier for soft modeling Akron. Ohio, The University of Akron.