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Geosites, Geoheritages and Geotrails of the Hwaseong Geopark, the Candidate for Korean National Geopark

화성 국가지질공원 후보지의 지질명소, 지질유산 그리고 지오트레일

  • 조형성 (경상대학교 지질과학과) ;
  • 신승원 (한국지질자원연구원 지질연구센터) ;
  • 강희철 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 임현수 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 채용운 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 박정웅 (서울 숭문고등학교) ;
  • 김종선 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 김형수 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과)
  • Received : 2019.09.17
  • Accepted : 2019.09.29
  • Published : 2019.09.30

Abstract

Geopark is a new system for development of the local economy through conservation, education, and tourism that is an area of scientific importance for the earth sciences and that has outstanding scenic values. The Hwaseong Geopark, the candidate for Korean National Geopark is composed of 10 geosites: Gojeongri dinosaur egg fossils, Ueumdo, Eoseom, Ddakseom, Goryeom, Jebudo, Baengmiri Coast, Gungpyeonhang, Ippado and Gukwado geosites. In this study, geosites, geoheritages, and geotrails of the Hwaseong Geopark were described in detail, and the value and significane as a geopark were also discussed. The geology of the Hwaseong Geopark area belonging to the Gyeonggi Massif consists of the Precambrian metamorphic and meta-sedimentary rocks, Paleozoic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, Mesozoic igneous and sedimentary rocks, and Quaternary deposits, indicating high geodiversity. The Gojeongri Dinosaur Egg Fossils geosite, designated as a natural monument, has a geotrail including dinosaur egg nest fossils, burrows, tafoni, fault and drag fold, cross-bedding. Furthermore, a variety of infrastructures such as eco-trail deck, visitor center are well-established in the geosite. In the Ueumdo geosite, there are various metamorphic rocks (gneiss, schist, and phyllite) and geological structures (fold, fault, joint, dike, and vein), thus it has a high educational value. The Eoseom geosite has high academic value because of the orbicular texture found in metamorphic rocks. Also, various volcanic and sedimentary rocks belonging to the Cretaceous Tando Basin can be observed in the Ddakseom and Goryeom geosites. In the Jebudo, Baengmiri Coast, and Gungpyeonghang geosites, a variety of coastal landforms (tidal flat, seastacks, sand and gravel beach, and coastal dunes), metamorphic rocks and geological structures, such as clastic dikes and quartz veins can be observed, and they also provide various programs including mudflat experience to visitors. Ippado and Gukwado geosites have typical large-scale fold structures, and unique coastal erosional features and various Paleozoic schists can be observed. The Hwaseong Geopark consists of outstanding geosites with high geodiversity and academic values, and it also has geotrails that combine geology, geomorphology, landscape and ecology with infrastructures and various education and experience programs. Therefore, the Hwaseong Geopark is expected to serve as a great National Geopark representing the western Gyeonggi Province, Korea.

지질공원은 지질학적으로 중요하고 경관이 우수한 지역을 보호하고, 이들을 교육 및 관광산업에 활용하여 지역 경제 발전에 기여하고자 하는 새로운 제도이다. 국가지질공원 후보지인 화성 지질공원은 고정리 공룡알 화석산지를 중심으로 우음도, 어섬, 딱섬, 고렴, 제부도, 백미리해안, 궁평항, 입파도, 국화도 등 10곳의 지질명소로 이루어져 있으며, 국가지질공원으로의 인증을 추진하고 있다. 이번 연구에서는 화성 국가지질공원에 분포하는 지질명소, 지질유산 그리고 지오트레일에 대해 상세히 기재하고, 지질공원으로서의 가치와 의미에 대해 논의하였다. 화성 국가지질공원 후보지는 한반도의 지체구조상 경기육괴에 해당되며, 선캄브리아 시대 변성암류 및 퇴적암류, 고생대 변성암류, 중생대 화성암류 및 퇴적암류 그리고 신생대 제4기 퇴적층이 분포하여 풍부한 지질다양성을 가진다. 천연기념물로 지정된 고정리 공룡알 화석지 지질명소는 공룡알 둥지화석을 비롯하여 서관구조, 타포니, 단층과 끌림습곡, 사층리 등의 풍부한 지질유산과 함께 생태 탐방로, 방문자 센터 등 훌륭한 인프라를 구축하고 있다. 우음도 지질명소는 다양한 종류의 변성암(편마암, 편암, 천매암)과 지질구조(습곡, 단층, 절리, 암맥, 광맥)를 가지고 있어 교육적 가치가 높다. 어섬 지질명소는 변성암에서 산출되는 독특한 구상구조가 높은 학술적 가치를 가지며, 딱섬과 고렴 지질명소에는 백악기 탄도분지에 분포하는 다양한 퇴적암과 화산암류 그리고 퇴적구조를 잘 관찰할 수 있다. 서해안에 위치한 제부도, 백미리 해안, 궁평항 지질명소에서는 갯벌, 시스택(해식기둥), 사빈과 역빈, 해안사구 등의 해안지형과 함께 다양한 변성암류, 쇄설성암맥, 석영광맥 등의 지질구조도 함께 관찰할 수 있으며, 갯벌체험을 비롯한 다양한 체험프로그램들이 개발되어 있다. 도서지역인 입파도, 국화도 지질명소에서는 전형적인 대규모 습곡구조가 장관을 이루고 있는 곳이며, 독특한 해안침식지형과 함께 다양한 고생대 편암류를 관찰할 수 있다. 이와 같이 화성 지질공원은 풍부한 지질다양성과 학술적 가치를 지닌 양질의 지질명소들로 구성되어 있으며, 지질, 지형, 경관, 생태요소가 복합적으로 어우러진 지오트레일, 탐방객을 위한 기반인프라, 다양한 교육 체험프로그램들이 개발되어 있어, 서부 경기권을 대표하는 훌륭한 국가지질공원으로서의 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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