DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Assessment of gas production and electrochemical factors for fracturing flow-back fluid treatment in Guangyuan oilfield

  • Liu, Yang (School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University) ;
  • Chen, Wu (School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University) ;
  • Zhang, Shanhui (School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University) ;
  • Shi, Dongpo (School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University) ;
  • Zhu, Mijia (School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University)
  • Received : 2018.02.14
  • Accepted : 2018.11.14
  • Published : 2019.09.30

Abstract

Electrochemical method was used for the fracturing flow-back fluid treatment in Guangyuan oilfield. After performing electrolysis, we found that the amount of $H_2$ gas produced by electrode was closely related to the combination mode of electrodes and electrode materials. Using an aluminium electrode resulted in a large $H_2$ production of each electrode combination, whereas inert anode and cathode materials resulted in low $H_2$ production. Then, the relationship between the gas production of $H_2$ and the treatment efficiency of fracturing flow-back fluid in Guangyuan oilfield was studied. Results showed that the turbidity removal and decolourisation rates of fracturing flow-back fluid were high when $H_2$ production was high. If the $H_2$ production of inert electrode was large, the energy consumption of this inert electrode was also high. However, energy consumption when an aluminium anode material was used was lower than that when the inert electrode was used, whereas the corresponding electrode combination production of $H_2$ was larger than that of the inert electrode combination. When the inert electrode was used as anode, the gas production type was mainly $O_2$, and $Cl_2$ was also produced and dissolved in water to form $ClO^-$. $H_2$ production at the cathode was reduced because $ClO^-$ obtained electrons.

Keywords

References

  1. Zhang F, Shen Y, Wang L, Ma G, Su Y, Ren T. Synthesis and properties of polyacrylamide drag reducer for fracturing fluid. Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog. 2016;33:3640-3644 (in Chinese).
  2. Ye D, Wang S, Cai Y, Ren Y, Luo C. Application of continuously mixing fracturing fluid and such flow process. Nat. Gas Ind. 2013;33:47-51 (in Chinese).
  3. Yang Z, Wei Y, Lu L, Zhang S, Wang Z. Research and application of recycling treatment technology for shale gas fracturing flowback fluid: A case study. Nat. Gas Ind. 2015;35:131-137 (in Chinese).
  4. Valero E, Alvarez X, Cancela A, Sanchez A. Harvesting green algae from eutrophic reservoir by electroflocculation and post-use for biodiesel production. Bioresour. Technol. 2015;187:255-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.138
  5. Moheimani NR, Tetraselmis S. Culture for $CO_2$ bioremediation of untreated flue gas from a coal-fired power station. J. Appl. Phycol. 2016;28:2139-2146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0782-3
  6. Vivek JP, Burgess IJ. Insight into chloride induced aggregation of DMAP-monolayer protected gold nanoparticles using the thermodynamics of ideally polarized electrodes. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016;112:2872-2880. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0756810
  7. Gomez-Lopez VM, Gil MI, Pupunat L, Allende A. Cross-contamination of Escherichia coli O157:H7 is inhibited by electrolyzed water combined with salt under dynamic conditions of increasing organic matter. Food Microbiol. 2015;46:471-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2014.08.024
  8. Tanneru CT, Rimer JD, Chellam S. Sweep flocculation and adsorption of viruses on aluminum flocs during electrochemical treatment prior to surface water microfiltration. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013;47:4612-4618. https://doi.org/10.1021/es400291e
  9. Zhao W, Zhu H, Zong Z, Xia J, Wei X. Electrochemical reduction of pyrite in aqueous NaCl solution. Fuel 2005;84:235-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.08.015
  10. Sanchez J, Butter B, Rivas BL, Basaez L, Santander P. Electrochemical oxidation and removal of arsenic using water-soluble polymers. J. Appl. Electrochem. 2015;45:151-159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-014-0785-9
  11. Sopaj F, Rodrigo MA, Oturan N, Podvorica FI, Pinson J, Oturan MA. Influence of the anode materials on the electrochemical oxidation efficiency. Application to oxidative degradation of the pharmaceutical amoxicillin. Chem. Eng. J. 2015;262:286-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.09.100
  12. Alvarezpugliese CE, Morenowiedman P, Machucamartinez F, Marriagacabrales N. Distillery wastewater treated by electrochemical oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrodes. J. Adv. Oxid. Technol. 2016;14:213-219. https://doi.org/10.1515/jaots-2011-0205
  13. Geng Z, Wang X, Guo X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang Y. Electrodeposition of chitosan based on coordination with metal ions in situ-generated by electrochemical oxidation. J. Mater. Chem. B 2016;4:3331-3338. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TB00336B
  14. Chen WF, Muckerman JT, Fujita E. Recent developments in transition metal carbides and nitrides as hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts. Chem. Commun. 2013;49:8896-8909. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cc44076a
  15. Ci SQ, Mao S, Hou Y, et al. Rational design of mesoporous NiFe-alloy-based hybrids for oxygen conversion electrocatalysis. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015;3:7986-7993. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA00894H
  16. Zeng F, Luo X. Determination of the colority of water samples by spectrophotometry. Ind. Water Treat. 2006;26:69-77 (in Chinese).
  17. Jang SH, Lee JH. Fabrication of nickel cobalt oxide electrode by in situ electrochemical method for the oxygen evolution anodes in water electrolysis system. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2016;16:11326-11329. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.13502
  18. Swesi AT, Masud J, Nath M. Nickel selenide as a high-efficiency catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction. Energ. Environ. Sci. 2016;9:1771-1782. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE02463C
  19. Schaefer H, Sadaf S, Walder L, et al. Stainless steel made to rust: A robust water-splitting catalyst with benchmark characteristics. Energ. Environ. Sci. 2015;8:2685-2697. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE01601K
  20. Mouedhen G, Feki M, Wery MP, Ayedi HF. Behavior of aluminum electrodes in electrocoagulation process. J. Hazard. Mater. 2008;150:124-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.04.090
  21. Pournaghi-Azar MH, Razmi-Nerbin H. Electroless preparation and electrochemistry of nickel-pentacyanonitrosylferrate film modified aluminum electrode. Electroanalysis 2015;12:209-215. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4109(200002)12:3<209::AID-ELAN209>3.0.CO;2-I

Cited by

  1. Research on Test and Logging Data Quality Classification for Gas-Water Identification vol.14, pp.21, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/en14216991