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A Comparative Case Study on Urban Strategy for Flexible Smart Shrinking City

유연한 스마트 축소도시를 위한 국내·외 도시전략 비교 연구

  • Choi, Wan-Young (Department of Architecture, Sun Moon University) ;
  • Lee, Heewon (Department of Architecture, Sun Moon University)
  • Received : 2019.07.01
  • Accepted : 2019.08.02
  • Published : 2019.08.31

Abstract

The world's population reached 7.7 billion in 2019. Despite this trend, not all cities are growing. Most of the growing population is driven to large cities for convenience and jobs. This phenomenon has led to a decrease in the population of small and medium-sized cities, and in certain cities, a decrease in employment as well as recession have resulted. Korea is no exception. The nation's population is concentrated in the metropolitan cities. To solve these problems, researchers started to study how to deal with the contraction of a city, i.e., a shrinking city, rather than focusing on only the growth of a city. In this paper, demographically outstanding declined domestic cities were selected as shrinking cities and their characteristics were analyzed. The concept of smart shrinking cities was then defined for the selected cities, which were chosen as a good case in overseas countries to solve the shrinking city problem. Through this process, the strategic differences were compared between domestic and oversea cases. As a result, a modified strategy for the smart shrinking city concept, FSSC (flexible smart shrinking city), is proposed as an alternative strategy that can save resources and cost.

세계 인구는 2019년 현재 77억 명에 달하고 있다. 이러한 추세에도 불구하고 모든 도시가 성장하고 있는 것은 아니다. 늘어나는 인구의 대부분은 편의시설, 일자리 문제로 큰 도시로 몰리고 있으며 이러한 현상은 중소도시의 인구감소를 유발하고, 더 나아가 특정도시에 있어서는 고용감소, 경기침체와 같은 결과로 이어지고 있다. 국내도 예외는 아니며 전국의 인구가 특별시, 광역시 등으로 몰리고 있는 추세이다. 일찍이 해외에서는 이러한 현상들을 해결하기 위해 오로지 도시의 성장에만 초점을 맞추는 전략이 아닌, 도시의 축소에 대응하는 방법을 연구하기 시작하였다. 본 논문에서는 국내 도시들의 인구동태를 파악하고 축소도시로 선정된 도시 사례를 파악하고 그 현황을 분석하였다. 다음으로 같은 맥락에서 해외 사례를 통해 축소도시의 문제에 대응하기 위한 전략으로 선택된 스마트 축소도시의 개념을 파악하였다. 이를 통해 국내와 해외의 대응 전략상의 차이점을 비교하였다. 결론에서는 일반적인 스마트 축소도시 전략에서 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 예측, 새로운 대안으로 유연한 스마트 축소도시(FSSC: Flexible Smart Shrinking City) 전략을 제안하여 자원과 비용을 효율적으로 사용하기 위한 방향을 제시하였다.

Keywords

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