Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics

The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry (대한치과보존학회)
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In vitro evaluation of octenidine as an antimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus epidermidis in disinfecting the root canal system

  • Chum, Jia Da (Department of Dental Surgery, School of Dentistry, International Medical University) ;
  • Lim, Darryl Jun Zhi (Department of Dental Surgery, School of Dentistry, International Medical University) ;
  • Sheriff, Sultan Omer (Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University) ;
  • Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob (Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University) ;
  • Suresh, Anand (Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Penang International Dental College) ;
  • Davamani, Fabian (School of Health Sciences, International Medical University)
  • Received : 2018.04.03
  • Accepted : 2018.05.14
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

Objectives: Irrigants are imperative in endodontic therapy for the elimination of pathogens from the infected root canal. The present study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) with chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) for root canal disinfection. Materials and Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained using serial dilution method. The agar diffusion method was then used to determine the zones of inhibition for each irrigant. Lastly, forty 6-mm dentin blocks were prepared from human mandibular premolars and inoculated with S. epidermidis. Samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 blocks and irrigated for 3 minutes with saline (control), 2% CHX, 3% NaOCl, or 0.1% OCT. Dentin samples were then collected immediately for microbial analysis, including an analysis of colony-forming units (CFUs). Results: The MICs of each tested irrigant were 0.05% for CHX, 0.25% for NaOCl, and 0.0125% for OCT. All tested irrigants showed concentration-dependent increase in zones of inhibition, and 3% NaOCl showed the largest zone of inhibition amongst all tested irrigants (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the CFU measurements of 2% CHX, 3% NaOCl, and 0.1% OCT showing complete elimination of S. epidermidis in all samples. Conclusions: This study showed that OCT was comparable to or even more effective than CHX and NaOCl, demonstrating antimicrobial activity at low concentrations against S. epidermidis.

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References

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