Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Synthesis of Acetins from Glycerol using Lipase from Wheat Extract

  • Pradima, J (Department of Chemical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology) ;
  • Rajeswari, M Kulkarni (Department of Chemical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology) ;
  • Archna, Narula (Department of Chemical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology) ;
  • Sravanthi, V (Department of Chemical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology) ;
  • Rakshith, R (Department of Chemical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology) ;
  • Nawal, Rabia Nizar (Department of Chemical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology)
  • Received : 2019.01.04
  • Accepted : 2019.05.13
  • Published : 2019.08.01
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Abstract

New technology-driven biocatalysts are revolutionizing the biochemical industries. With maximum utilization of renewable feedstock, biocatalysts have been the basis for a major breakthrough. Lipases are the most widely established catalysts used for hydrolysis, esterification and transesterification reactions. In this research, a biochemical process that combines extraction of lipase enzyme from germinated wheat seeds and its application to valorize glycerol to acetins by esterification is presented. Acetins are among highly rated, value-added products derived from glycerol. The favorable conditions for the enzymatic conversion of glycerol were observed as glycerol to acetic acid molar ratio (1:5), reaction temperature ($40^{\circ}C$) and the amount of enzyme (20% v/v). 65.93% of glycerol conversion was achieved for duration of 15 h with the use of tert-butanol solvent. This method proposes to explore the viability of a biological route to convert glycerol derived from biodiesel industry to acetins with further streamlining.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Scheme of synthesis of acetins, from glycerol and acetic acid [11,12].

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Fig. 2. Effect of enzyme concentration on glycerol conversion. Experimental conditions: 1:5 molar ratio glycerol/acetic acid at temperature 40 ℃, 15 h reaction time.

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Fig. 3. Effect of molar ratio of glycerol: acetic acid on glycerol conversion. Experimental conditions: 15 h reaction time, 20% v/v extracted lipase enzyme at temperature 40 ℃.

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Fig. 4. Effect of organic solvent on the conversion of glycerol. Experimental conditions: 1:5 molar ratio glycerol/acetic acid at temperature 40 ℃, 15 h reaction time, 20% v/v extracted lipase enzyme concentration.

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Fig. 5. Comparison of glycerol conversion with and without organic solvent at different time intervals. Experimental conditions: 1:5 molar ratio glycerol/acetic acid at temperature 40 ℃, 20% v/v extracted lipase enzyme concentration.

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Fig. 6. FT-IR spectra of extracted Lipase enzyme.

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Fig. 7. Enzyme kinetics for acetin production with and without solvent.

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