Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

The Korean Society of Wood Science & Technology (한국목재공학회)
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Effects of Nanoclay and Glass Fiber on the Microstructural, Mechanical, Thermal, and Water Absorption Properties of Recycled WPCs

  • Seo, Young-Rok (Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University) ;
  • Kim, Birm-June (Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Young (Wood Chemistry Division, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • Received : 2019.04.02
  • Accepted : 2019.07.15
  • Published : 2019.07.25
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Abstract

When wood plastic composites (WPCs) have been used for a certain period of time, they become waste materials and should be recycled to reduce their environmental impact. Waste WPCs can be transformed into reinforced composites, in which fillers are used to improve their performance. In this study, recycled WPCs were prepared using different proportions of waste WPCs, nanoclay, and glass fiber. The effects of nanoclay and glass fiber on the microstructural, mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties of the recycled WPCs were investigated. X-ray diffraction showed that the nanoclay intercalates in the WPCs. Additionally, scanning electron micrographs revealed that the glass fiber is adequately dispersed. According to the analysis of mechanical properties, the simultaneous incorporation of nanoclay and glass fiber improved both tensile and flexural strengths. However, as the amount of fillers increases, their dispersion becomes limited and the tensile and flexural modulus were not further improved. The synergistic effect of nanoclay and glass fiber in recycled WPCs enhanced the thermal stability and crystallinity ($X_c$). Also, the presence of nanoclay improved the water absorption properties. The results suggested that recycled WPCs reinforced with nanoclay and glass fiber improved the deteriorated performance, showing the potential of recycled waste WPCs.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Waste WPC with crushed form.

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Fig. 2. XRD patterns of various recycled WPCs.

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Fig. 3. SEM images of various recycled WPCs: (a) W-WPC100 (× 5000) (b) W-WPC85/NC15 (× 5000) (c) W-WPC80/GFC20 (× 100) (d) W-WPC40/GFC60 (× 100) (e) W-WPC40/GFC60 (× 5000) (f) W-WPC25/NC15/GFC60 (× 5000).

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Fig. 4. Impact strength of various recycled WPCs.

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Fig. 5. Tensile properties of various recycled WPCs: (a) tensile strength (b) tensile modulus.

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Fig. 6. Flexural properties of various recycled WPCs: (a) flexural strength (b) flexural modulus.

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Fig. 7. TGA curves of various recycled WPCs (GFC series): (a) TG curve (b) DTG curve.

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Fig. 8. TG curves of various recycled WPCs: (a) GFC 0 series (b) GFC 20 series (c) GFC 40 series (d) GFC 60 series.

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Fig. 9. DTG curves of various recycled WPCs: (a) GFC 0 series (b) GFC 20 series (c) GFC 40 series (d) GFC 60 series.

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Fig. 10. Water absorption properties of various recycled WPCs: (a) water absorption (b) thickness swelling.

Table 1. Formulations ratios of various recycled WPCs

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Table 2. XRD data of various recycled WPCs

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Table 3. TGA data of various recycled WPCs

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Table 4. DSC data of various recycled WPCs

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Table 5. Water absorption data of various recycled WPCs

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