The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Three-dimensional changes in lip vermilion morphology of adult female patients after extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment

  • Liu, Zhi-Yu (Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology) ;
  • Yu, Jie (Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ;
  • Dai, Fan-Fan (National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology) ;
  • Jiang, Ruo-Ping (Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology) ;
  • Xu, Tian-Min (Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology)
  • Received : 2018.08.01
  • Accepted : 2019.03.12
  • Published : 2019.07.25
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional lip vermilion changes after extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment in female adult patients and explore the correlation between lip vermilion changes and incisor changes. Methods: Forty-seven young female adult patients were enrolled in this study (skeletal Class III patients were excluded), including 34 lip-protruding patients treated by extraction of four first premolars (18 patients requiring mini-implants for maximum anchorage control and 16 patients without mini-implants) and 13 patients requiring non-extraction treatment. Nine angles, seven distances, and the surface area of the lip vermilion were measured by using pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional facial scans. Linear and angular measurements of incisors were performed on lateral cephalograms. Results: There were no significant changes in the vermilion measurements in the non-extraction group. The vermilion angle, vermilion height, central bow angle, height/width ratio, and vermilion surface area decreased significantly after the orthodontic treatment in the extraction groups, but the upper/lower vermilion proportion remained unchanged. Significant correlations were found between the changes in incisor position and those in vermilion angles, vermilion height, and surface area. Conclusions: Extraction of the four first premolars probably produced an aesthetic improvement in lip vermilion morphology. However, the upper/lower vermilion proportion remained unchanged. The variations in the vermilion were closely related to incisor changes, especially the upper incisor inclination changes.

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References

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