Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology (수면정신생리)

KOREAN ACADEMY OF SLEEP MEDICINE (대한수면의학회)
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Insufficient Sleep and Visuospatial Memory Decline during Adolescence

청소년기 수면 부족과 시공간 기억력 저하

  • Lee, Chang Woo (Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeon, Sehyun (Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Seong-Jin (Department of Psychiatry, Gachon Medical School) ;
  • Kim, Seog Ju (Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 이창우 (삼성서울병원 정신건강의학과, 성균관대학교 의과대학 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 전세현 (삼성서울병원 정신건강의학과, 성균관대학교 의과대학 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 조성진 (가천대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 김석주 (삼성서울병원 정신건강의학과, 성균관대학교 의과대학 정신건강의학교실)
  • Received : 2018.11.28
  • Accepted : 2019.06.07
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between insufficient sleep and visuospatial memory in adolescents using a computerized neurocognitive function test. Methods: A total of 103 high school students (26 males and 77 females; mean age $17.11{\pm}8.50years$) without a serious psychiatric problem was recruited. All subjects were requested to complete a self-report questionnaire about weekday total sleep time and weekend total sleep time. The epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and the beck depression inventory (BDI) were administered to measure daytime sleepiness and symptoms of depression. Seven subsets of the Cambridge Neuropsychological test automated battery were examined to assess visuospatial memory. Results: After controlling for age, sex, ESS, and BDI, longer weekend total sleep time was correlated with poor performance on delayed matching to sample (r = -0.312, p = 0.002) and immediate recall on pattern recognition memory (r = -0.225, p = 0.025). Increased weekend catch-up sleep time was correlated with poor performance of delayed matching to sample (r = -0.236, p = 0.018), immediate recall on pattern recognition memory (r = -0.220, p = 0.029), and delayed recall on pattern recognition memory (r = -0.211, p = 0.036) after controlling for age, sex, ESS, and BDI. Conclusion: This study showed that increased weekend catch-up sleep time reflecting insufficient weekday sleep were associated with poor performance in delayed recall tasks of visual memory. This finding suggests that insufficient sleep during adolescence might produce a decline of visuospatial memory.

목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 청소년에서 전산화 신경인지 검사를 이용하여 수면 부족과 시공간 기억력 사이의 연관성에 대해 알아보는 것이다. 방 법: 심각한 내외과적 질환이 없는 만 16세에서 만 18세 사이의 고등학생 103명(남자 26명, 여자 77명, 평균 연령 $17.11{\pm}0.50$세)이 연구에 참여하였다. 모든 대상자에게 주중 총 수면 시간과 주말 총 수면 시간에 대한 자가 보고식 설문지를 작성하도록 하였다. 주간 졸음과 우울 증상의 정도를 평가하기 위해 엡워스 졸음 척도와 벡 우울 척도를 자가 작성하도록 하였다. 시공간 기억을 평가하기 위해 캠브리지 신경정신검사 자동화 총집의 7개 하부 검사를 실시하였다. 결 과: 나이와 성별, 엡워스 졸음 척도, 벡 우울 척도를 보정한 상관 분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 주말 총 수면 시간이 길수록 지연 표본 대응(r = -0.312, p = 0.002)와 패턴 재인 기억의 즉각 회상(r = -0.225, p = 0.025)의 정답률이 낮았다. 주말 수면 보충 시간이 길수록 지연 표본 대응(r = -0.236, p = 0.018)과 패턴 재인 기억의 즉각 회상(r = -0.220, p = 0.029), 패턴 재인 기억의 지연 회상(r = -0.211, p = 0.036)의 정답률을 낮았다. 결 론: 주중 수면 부족를 반영하는 주말 수면 보충 시간이 길수록 시각 기억의 지연 회상에서 낮은 수행도를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 청소년기에 수면 부족이 심할수록 청소년의 시공간 기억력이 저하될 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

Keywords

Table 1. Demograpic characteristics and clinical variables of study parcipipants (n = 103)

DSMOBC_2019_v26n1_16_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Comparison of sleep time, Epworth sleepiness scale, beck depression inventory, CANTAB performances according to grade

DSMOBC_2019_v26n1_16_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Correlation between sleep time and CANTAB performances after adjusting age, sex, Epworth sleepiness scale, beck depression inventory

DSMOBC_2019_v26n1_16_t0003.png 이미지

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