Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography (한국측량학회지)

Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography (한국측량학회)
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A Study on the Deriving of Areas of Concern for Crime using the Mental Map

멘탈 맵을 이용한 범죄발생 우려 지역 도출에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2019.05.31
  • Accepted : 2019.06.21
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Recently, citizens are feeling anxious as 'Motiveless Crime' increases. The quality of citizens life is degraded and the degree of crime fear is increasing. In this study, based on various variables related to crime other than actual crime occurrence status, crime occurrence points (point line polygon) felt by citizens are created by using mental map methodology. And the purpose of this study is to derive the area of concern for crime through spatial overlap analysis using kernel density estimation analysis. It also uses spatial overlay analysis using kernel density estimation to derive areas of concern for crime occurrence. As a result, the local residents' request point and the areas of concern for crime were overlapped. In addition, the mental map indicating the fear of crime was constructed by mapping mainly the areas between the facilities, the non-construction area such as the narrow area, the security CCTV, the streetlight. This study is meaningful in that it tried to derive a crime occurrence concern area by using mental map method unlike the previous study related to crime. The results of this study, such as mental map, could be used in various fields such as construction of fragile crime map, guideline of crime prevention through environment design.

최근 '묻지마 범죄'가 늘면서 시민들의 불안감이 커지고 있으며, 이로 인해 시민 삶의 질이 저하되고 범죄에 대해 느끼는 두려움의 정도가 증대되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 실제 범죄발생 현황 외 범죄관련 여러 변수를 바탕으로 시민이 심리적으로 느끼는 범죄발생 우려 장소(점 선 면)를 멘탈 맵의 방법론을 사용하여 작성하고, 커널(kernel) 밀도 추정 분석을 활용한 공간중첩분석을 통해 범죄발생 우려 지역 도출을 목적으로 한다. 그 결과 지역주민의 민원요청 지점과 범죄발생 우려 지역이 서로 중복되어 나타났다. 또한, 범죄 두려움을 나타내는 멘탈 맵은 주로 시설간의 점이지역, 좁은 골목, 방범 CCTV 및 가로등 보안등 미설치 지역, 시간대별 유동인구가 적은 지역을 중심으로 지도화하여 구축되었다. 본 연구는 범죄 관련 기존 선행연구와는 달리, 멘탈 맵이라는 방법론을 사용하여 범죄발생 우려 지역을 도출하는 연구를 시도했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 더불어 멘탈 맵 등 본 연구의 결과물은 범죄취약지도 구축, 범죄예방 환경설계의 가이드라인 등 다양한 분야에서의 활용이 가능할 것이다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Research flow chart

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Fig. 2. Distribution of 5 Major Crimes in Gwanyang 1-dong(Anyang City, 2014)

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Fig. 3. Construction of deriving areas of concern for crime

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Fig. 4. Analysis scenario

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Fig. 5. Comparison and analysis with CCTVs

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Fig. 6. Comparison and analysis of street lights and security lights

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Fig. 7. Comparison and analysis of the person for livelihood protection

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Fig. 8. Comparison and analysis with children and youth educational facilities

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Fig. 9. Comparison and analysis with Points of request to install CCTVs

Table 1. Rankings of dongs in Dongan-gu by factor (Anyang City, 2013)

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Table 2. Land area and distribution by type of land use

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Table 3. Gwanyang 1-dong’s spatial structure (Anyang City, 2013)

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Table 4. Gwanyang 1-dong’s socioeconomic indicators (Anyang City, 2013)

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Table 5. Questionnaire items to establish mental map data

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Table 6. Questionnaire sample

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Table 7. Five major crime incidents and mental map analysis results

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Table 8. Analysis results on the key variables

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