Journal of Powder Materials (한국분말재료학회지)

The Korean Powder Metallurgy & Materials Institute (한국분말재료학회 (*구 분말야금학회))
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The Effects of Hexamethylenetetramine Concentration on the Structural and Electrochemical Performances of Ni(OH)2 Powder for Pseudocapacitor Applications

헥사메틸렌테트라민 농도에 따른 수산화니켈 입자의 특성 분석 및 의사커패시터 응용

  • Kim, Dong Yeon (Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jeong, Young-Min (Smart Textile Convergence Research Group, DGIST) ;
  • Baek, Seong-Ho (Smart Textile Convergence Research Group, DGIST) ;
  • Son, Injoon (Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김동연 (경북대학교 신소재공학부) ;
  • 정영민 (대구경북과학기술원 스마트섬유융합연구실) ;
  • 백성호 (대구경북과학기술원 스마트섬유융합연구실) ;
  • 손인준 (경북대학교 신소재공학부)
  • Received : 2019.06.07
  • Accepted : 2019.06.23
  • Published : 2019.06.28
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Abstract

Ni hydroxides ($Ni(OH)_2$) are synthesized on Ni foam by varying the hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) concentration using an electrodeposition process for pseudocapacitor (PC) applications. In addition, the effects of HMT concentration on the $Ni(OH)_2$ structure and the electrochemical properties of the PCs are investigated. HMT is the source of amine-based $OH^-$ in the solution; thus, the growth rate and morphological structure of $Ni(OH)_2$ are influenced by HMT concentration. When $Ni(OH)_2$ is electrodeposited at a constant voltage mode of -0.85 V vs. Ag/AgCl, the cathodic current and the number of nucleations are significantly reduced with increasing concentration of HMT from 0 to 10 mM. Therefore, $Ni(OH)_2$ is sparsely formed on the Ni foam with increasing HMT concentration, showing a layered double-hydroxide structure. However, loosely packed $Ni(OH)_2$ grains that are spread on Ni foam maintain a much greater surface area for reaction and result in the effective utilization of the electrode material due to the steric hindrance effect. It is suggested that the $Ni(OH)_2$ electrodes with HMT concentration of 7.5 mM have the maximum specific capacitance (1023 F/g), which is attributed to the facile electrolyte penetration and fast proton exchange via optimized surface areas.

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