한국 및 중국산 목이 및 흰목이의 추출용매에 따른 생리활성 성분 비교

Comparison of the physiological activities of Korean and Chinese Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis extracts prepared with various solvents

Abstract

본 연구에서는 한국과 중국에서 재배한 목이, 흰목이를 대상으로 추출용매별 생리활성 물질의 차이를 현재까지 비교적 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔던 표고버섯과 비교하여 DPPH 라디컬 소거능과 아질산염 소거능, 총 폴리페놀 함량과 베타글루칸 함량에 대한 성분차이를 비교 분석하였다. 한국산 목이, 흰목이, 표고의 열수추출물의 DPPH 라디컬 소거능은 70% 에탄올 추출물에 비하여 높은 것으로 나타났으며 추출용매와 상관없이 중국산 버섯류에 비하여 높은 값이었다. 중국산 버섯 중 목이의 열수추출 및 70% 에탄올추출물에서 가장 높은 라디컬 소거능을 보였다. 아질산염 소거능은 중국산 버섯류의 70% 에탄올추출물에서 한국산 동일 버섯류에 비하여 높은 아질산염 소거능을 나타냈다. 각 버섯류의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 70% 에탄올 추출 조건이 열수추출에 비하여 높은 값을 나타냈다. 특히 재배국가와 상관없이 목이는 70% 에탄올추출물에서 가장 높은 총 폴리페놀 함량을 보였다. 한국산 및 중국산의 표고는 열수추출 조건이 70% 에탄올추출에 비하여 높은 총 폴리페놀 함량을 보였다. 베타글루칸 함량은 중국산 식용버섯류가 한국산 버섯류에 비하여 높은 함량을 나타내고 있었다. 위와 같은 결과로부터 각각의 버섯류에 맞는 최적의 용매를 사용해야 최대의 유효성분을 추출할 수 있다고 사료된다. 본 연구에서 사용한 목이, 흰목이, 표고가 한국 및 중국에서 재배되는 버섯의 대표성을 나타내기에는 부족하나 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 더 많은 비교샘플수를 늘려서 다양한 식용버섯류에 대한 기능성 평가를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological activities of hot-water and 70% ethanol extracts of three edible mushroom species (Auricularia auricula, Tremella fuciformis, and Lentinus edodes) cultivated in Korea and China. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of hot-water extracts of Korean A. auricula, T. fuciformis, and L. edodes were significantly higher than those of the Chinese counterparts (p < 0.01). However, the nitrite scavenging activities of the hot-water extracts did not significantly differ among the mushrooms regardless of their origins. Chinese A. auricula showed the highest nitrite scavenging activity in the ethanol extract. The total polyphenol contents of the ethanol extracts of the three edible mushroom species from both of the countries were higher than those of the hot-water extracts. Korean A. auricula and T. fuciformis yielded a high polyphenol content with hot-water extraction. The ${\beta}-glucan$ contents of the Chinese A. auricula, T. fuciformis, and L. edodes extracts were 20.49%, 31.43%, and 30.09%, respectively, which were higher than those of the Korean counterparts. From the results of this study, it can be deduced that the maximum yield of nutritional ingredients can be extracted by using the optimal solvent for each mushroom species. These results are expected to be useful in appreciating the difference among extracts of Korean and Chinese edible mushrooms in terms of their physiological activities in the solvents used.

Fig. 1. DPPH radical scavenging activities of (A) hot-water and (B) 70% ethanol extracts (1mg/ml concentration) from different three edible mushrooms (Auricularia auricula, Tremella fuciformis, and Lentinus edodes) produced in Korea and China. White bars indicate positive control. The results represent by the mean±SD of values obtained from three replications. *, ** is p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively. NS is no significant difference between the two mushroom producers.

Fig. 2. Nitrite scavenging activities of (A) hot-water and (B) 70% ethanol extracts (1mg/ml concentration) from different three edible mushrooms (Auricularia auricula, Tremella fuciformis, and Lentinus edodes) produced in Korea and China. White bars indicate positive control. The results represent by the mean±SD of values obtained from three replications. *, ** is p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively. NS is no significant difference between the two mushroom producers.

Fig. 3. Total polyphenol contents of (A) hot-water and (B) 70% ethanol extracts (1mg/ml concentration) from different three edible mushrooms (Auricularia auricula, Tremella fuciformis, and Lentinus edodes) produced in Korea and China. White bars indicate negative control. The results represent by the mean±SD of values obtained from three replications. *, ** is p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively.

Table 1. ANOVA results for the effects of extraction solvents (hot-water and 70% ethanol) on DPPH scavenging activities, nitrite scavenging activities, and total polyphenol contents of the three type of edible mushrooms (Auricularia auricula, Tremella fuciformis, and Lentinus edodes) produced in Korea and China.

Table 2. Total glucan, α-glucan and β-glucan contents from three types of edible mushrooms produced in Korea and China. Values given here are the means of three replicates (n=3). Means with different letters are significantly different by Duncan’s multiple range test (p<0.05).