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Characteristics of the gene resources and selected strains of Agrocybe cylindracea

버들송이버섯(Agrocybe cylindracea)유전자원 및 선발계통의 특성

  • Heo, Byong-Soo (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Yoo, Young-Jin (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Seo, Sang-Young (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Kyu-Hwan (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Young Min (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kwon, Seog-Ju (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Jang, Kab-Yeul (Mushroom Research Division, NIHHS, RDA)
  • Received : 2019.03.07
  • Accepted : 2019.06.18
  • Published : 2019.06.30

Abstract

Agrocybe spp. belongs to the Agaricales order, Bolbitiaceae family, and Agrocybe genus. In Korea, so far, it has been cultivated through bottle cultivation; therefore, this study was conducted for the development of a new cultivar using the bag cultivation method for quantitative improvement. Thirty-three gene resources of Agrocybe spp. were collected and their quantity and characteristics of bag cultivation were examined. Next, 5 kinds of crossing parents were selected based on the cultivation period and shape of the fruit body. Seven strains were selected through 3 cross combinations. The 7 selected strains and the comparative cultivar 'Cham' were cultivated in a bag. As a result, the cultivation period was 49 days for 'JBAC15-1' and 50 days for 'JBAC15-6' which are 4 days and 3 days less than the cultivation period of the comparative cultivar 'Cham'(53 days), respectively. Cultivation periods of other strains except for 'JBAC15-1' and 'JBAC15-1' were longer than that of the comparative cultivar'Cham'. The best ratio of primordia formation among the selected strains was found to be that of 'JBAC15-1' with 96.1% followed by 'JBAC15-6' with 94.5%. These rates were 3.1% and 1.5% higher than the ratio of primordia formation of the comparative cultivar 'Cham', which is found to be 93.0%. The quantity was maximum in the 'JBAC15-1' cultivar with 176.8 g per bag followed by 'JBAC15-6' with 168.7 g per bag. The quantities were 10% and 5% more than the comparative cultivar 'Cham' with 160.7 g per bag. Based on these results, 'JBAC15-1' and 'JBAC15-6', which had shorter cultivation periods and more quantities than the comparative cultivar 'Cham' were finally selected. For the selected strains of 'JBAC15-1' and 'JBAC15-6', mycelial growth was observed to be optimal on PDA medium and the optimum temperature was $27.5^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH was pH 5 for 'JBAC15-1' and pH 6 for 'JBAC15-6'. The color of the pileus of the fruit body was dark brown in 'JBAC15-1' and 'Cham' and light brown in 'JBAC15-6'. The pileus was hemispherical in shape in both 'JBAC15-1' and 'Cham'. However, the colors of the stem were different - light brown in 'JBAC15-1', white in 'JBAC15-6', and ivory in the comparative cultivar 'Cham'.

주름버섯목(Agricales), 소똥버섯과(Bolbitiaceae), 볏짚버섯속(Agrocybe)에 속하는 버들송이버섯은 국내에서 대부분 병 재배용 품종으로 육성되어 있어 수량 증대를 위한 봉지재배용 품종을 개발하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 버들송이버섯 33개 유전자원을 수집하고 유전자원의 봉지재배 특성과 수량을 조사한 후 재배일수와 자실체 모양을 고려하여 5개 모본을 선발하고 3개의 교배조합을 작성하여 7계통을 선발하였다. 선발된 7계통과 대조품종인 '참'을 봉지재배한 결과 재배일수는 'JBAC15-1'이 49일, 'JBAC15-6'이 50일로 대조품종의 재배일수인 53일 대비 각각 4일과 3일이 단축되었으며, 그 외의 계통은 대조품종보다 긴 재배일수를 나타내었다. 선발계통의 발이율은 'JBAC15-1'이 96.1%로 가장 우수하였으며 다음으로 'JBAC15-6'이 94.5%를 나타내어 대조품종의 발이율인 93% 대비 각각 3.1%, 1.5% 우수한 결과를 나타내었다. 봉지 당 수량은 'JBAC15-1'이 176.8 g으로 가장 우수하였고 'JBAC15-6'이 168.7 g으로 대조품종인 '참'의 160.7 g 대비 각각 10%, 5% 증수되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 대조품종인 '참' 대비 재배일수가 짧고 수량이 우수한 'JBAC15-1'과 'JBAC15-6'을 최종 선발하였다. 선발계통인 'JBAC15-1', 'JBAC15-6'의 균사생장 최적 배지는 PDA, 최적 온도는 $27.5^{\circ}C$, 최적 pH는 'JBAC15-1'이 pH 5, 'JBAC15-6'이 pH 6으로 나타났다. 자실체 갓의 색은 'JBAC15-1'과 '참'이 진갈색을 나타냈으며 'JBAC15-6'은 연갈색을 나타내었다. 갓 형태는 반구형으로 모두 동일하였으나, 대의 색은 'JBAC15-1'이 연갈색을 나타냈으며 'JBAC15-6'은 흰색을 나타냈고 대조 품종인 '참'은 상아색으로 각각 서로 다른 특성을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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Fig. 2. Random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns by primer OPA-04, OPA-08, OPA-10, OPA-12. M : Marker, 1 :Beodeulsongi1ho, 2 : Sanggang, 3 : Mihwang, 4: Cham, 5 : Jin, 6 : JBAC15-1, 7 : JBAC15-6, N : Blank.

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Fig. 3. Photos of fruit body of A. cylindracea cultivar ‘Cham’, ‘JBAC15-1’, and ‘JBAC15-6’

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Fig. 1. Photos of somatic incompatibility in vitro between 5 cultivars (‘Beodeulsongi1ho’, ‘Cham’, ‘Jin’, ‘Mihwang’ and ‘Sanggang’) and ‘JBAC15-6’ of Agrocybe cylindracea.

Table 1. Cultural characteristics and quantity of collected gene resources of Agrocybe spp.

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 2. Quality characteristics of fruit body over a two year period of selected gene resources of Agrocybe cylindracea

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Table 3. Characteristics of mycelial growth of selected gene resources of Agrocybe cylindracea

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Table 4. Monosporus crossbreeding using determination of antagonism

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Table 5. Characteristics of mycelial growth in 35 crossbreeding strains in PDA at 25oC after 10 days

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Table 6. Characteristics of sawdust bag cultivation on superior strains of Agrocybe cylindracea

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Table 7. Characteristics of fruit body on superior strains of Agrocybe cylindracea

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Table 8. Characteristics of fruit body on selected strains of Agrocybe cylindracea

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Table 9. Effect of various media on mycelial growth of selected strains of Agrocybe cylindracea in 25oC

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Table 10. Effect of temperature on mycelial growth of selected strains of Agrocybe cylindracea in PDA

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Table 11. Effect of the pH on mycelial growth of selected strains of Agrocybe cylindracea in PDA at 25oC

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