Journal of fish pathology (한국어병학회지)

The Korean Society of Fish Pathology (한국어병학회)
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Correlation of virus replication and spleen index in rock bream iridovirus infected rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus

  • Jung, Myung-Hwa (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jung, Sung-Ju (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2018.12.10
  • Accepted : 2019.06.05
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) is a member of the Megalocytivirus genus that causes severe mortality to rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) with characteristic clinical signs of spleen enlargement. In this study, we assessed spleen size and RBIV copy number patterns in RBIV-infected rock bream to determine lethal and safe levels of virus copy number/spleen index that may define disease progress. We found that rock bream infected with RBIV ($1.1{\times}10^7virus\;copy\;number/100{\mu}l$) and held at 29, 26, 23 or $20^{\circ}C$ exhibited significantly higher levels of spleen size compared to $17^{\circ}C$. In dead condition (100% mortality at $20{\sim}29^{\circ}C$), the spleen index ($spleen\;weight/fish\;weight{\times}100$) and virus copy number were 3.00~5.38 and $10^6{\sim}10^8/{\mu}l$, respectively. Conversely, in survived condition (0% mortality at $17^{\circ}C$), spleen index and virus copy number was as low as not-infected control ($0.34{\sim}1.22/10^0{\sim}10^1/{\mu}l$, respectively). These findings suggest that spleen index can be an indicator of disease severity of RBIV disease.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Absolute major capsid protein (MCP) gene copies (A), spleen weight (B) and spleen index (C) of rock bream intraperitoneally injected with 1.1 × 107 MCP gene copy/fish at different water temperatures (29, 26, 23, 20 and 17°C). Surviving fish at 17°C were sampled at 100 (△) and 150 (▲) days post infection. The cumulative mortality (D) of rock bream previously published (Jung et al. 2015) is shown for reference. Virus copy number, 1.0 × 101/μl, in the PBS injected control group (A) was regarded as negative.

Table 1 Experimental details of artificial infection

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