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Exploring the Possibilities of Character Education in Various Interaction-based Mentor Program: Focusing on "Becoming a Science Teacher" Activity

다양한 상호작용 기반의 멘토멘티 프로그램에서 나타난 인성 교육 가능성 탐색 -"과학 선생님 되어보기" 활동을 중심으로-

  • Received : 2018.09.24
  • Accepted : 2019.01.03
  • Published : 2019.02.28

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to clarify the possibility of the character education and the concrete implementation process in the field of science education in accordance with the social demand for character education. Based on this purpose, the researchers tried to understand the specific character elements appearing in various science learning situations and to understand the qualities of each specific character elements that can be emphasized through science learning and the aspect of expression process in related learning situations. The researchers selected 11 students from the 7th and 8th graders in Seoul and developed and applied the 'Become a Science Teacher' mentor program in 2014 and 2015. Data collection was conducted through class recordings, mentor teachers' and assistant teacher's journal, artifacts, student journals, student portfolios, class listeners' essays for science class and analyzed qualitative data collected through constant comparison method. According to the result, we extracted 11 character elements and reorganized them into 16 specific character elements revealed in various learning situations based on the relationship between each character elements. The results of the study are eight specific character elements that can be emphasized through science learning and related learning situations. The eight specific character elements are 'responsibility for teaching behavior due to hierarchy of scientific knowledge structure, communication for forming scientific concept, empathic concern based on science learning experience, cooperation for promoting rationality of inquiry method, positive perception of scientific endeavor, respect for scientists' attitudes toward research, confidence in future scientific research, persistence in trial and error'. Based on the results of this study, we proposed the research methods of character in the field of science education in the future.

이 연구는 과학 교육 분야에서 인성 교육의 가능성과 구체적 실행과정을 밝히고자 하는 목적을 바탕으로 다양한 과학 학습 상황에서 드러난 구체적 인성 요소를 살펴보고, 과학 교과 학습을 통해 중점적으로 함양 가능한 요소와 관련 학습 상황에서의 발현 양상을 이해하고자 했다. 본 연구에서는 인성의 의미를 확대하여 도덕성, 사회성, 감성을 포함하는 다차원적 관점에서 접근했다. 연구 참여자는 서울시 소재 중학교 1~2학년 11명의 학생들로 선정했으며 2014년과 2015년에 걸쳐 '과학 선생님 되어보기' 멘토멘티 프로그램의 개발 적용했다. 자료 수집은 수업 관찰, 학생 산출물, 교사 및 학생 일지, 면담 등을 통해 이루어졌으며 반복적 비교분석법을 통해 수집한 질적 자료를 분석했다. 분석 결과 11개의 인성 요소를 추출했으며, 각 인성 요소 간의 관계를 바탕으로 다양한 학습 상황에서 드러난 16개의 구체적 인성 요소로 재조직했다. 16개의 구체적 인성 요소 중 과학 학습을 통해 중점적으로 함양 가능한 8개의 구체적 인성 요소인 '과학 지식 구조의 위계성으로 인한 가르침 행위에의 책임, 과학적 개념 형성을 위한 소통, 과학 학습 경험 기반의 공감적 배려, 탐구 방법의 합리성 증진을 위한 협력, 인간의 과학적 노력에 대한 긍정적 인식, 연구에 대한 과학자의 태도 존중, 앞으로의 과학 탐구 참여에 대한 자신감, 시행착오 과정에서의 끈기'와 관련 학습 상황을 주요 연구 결과로 제시했다. 구체적 인성 요소의 발현 과정의 특성은 다음과 같다. 일부 구체적 인성 요소는 동일한 인성 요소임에도 발현 과정은 기존의 과학 교육에서의 인성 관련 연구 결과와 다르게 나타났으며 발현 과정에서 각 요소 간 상호 관련을 가지고 있음이 드러났다. 복합적 관계를 맺고 있는 과학 학습 맥락 속에서 다양한 대상과의 상호 작용을 통해 구체적 인성 요소가 발현되었다. 학생들은 단계적 성찰을 통해 상호 긍정적 자극을 주었고, 성취를 경험할 수 있는 과학 활동을 통해 정서적 측면에서의 변화와 성장이 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 추후 과학 교육 분야에서의 혁신적인 교육적 시도를 통한 새로운 인성 요소 발견, 인성 요소 간 상호 관계의 특유성에 기반하여 발현될 수 있는 구체적 인성 요소에 대한 심층적 탐색, 공동체 기반 활동을 통해 참여 주체 간의 긴밀한 상호작용 촉진에 기여할 수 있는 과학 학습 환경 구축의 필요성을 제안했다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. “Becoming a science teacher” Mentor program progress

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Figure 2. Specific character elements appeared in various science learning situations

Table 1. Procedure for conducting study

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Table 2. Participants’ background for the study

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Table 3. Each team’s science class contents

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Table 4. Major contents of the interview according to interview subjects

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Table 5. Data analysis process

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Table 6. Specific character elements that can be emphasized through science learning and related learning situations

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Table 7. Change participants’ perspective toward scientists

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